68Ga-FAPI PET/CT in Thyroid Cancer With Thyroglobulin Elevation and Negative Iodine Scintigraphy.

Differentiated thyroid cancer with thyroglobulin elevation and negative iodine scintigraphy (TENIS) syndrome is a diagnostic and therapy dilemma. In this study, we present a case of TENIS with detectable metastases in the larynx and lung on the CT scan. 68Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) PET/CT was performed for further detection of tumor recurrence and metastases, which showed intense 68Ga-FAPI activity in the metastatic lesions.

PALB2 upregulation is associated with a poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

During DNA repair, BRCA1 and BRCA2 interact with the tumor suppressor partner and localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2). PALB2 mutations are associated with an increased risk of breast and ovarian carcinoma, and upregulated PALB2 expression is associated with poor clinical outcomes. The present study investigated the role and prognostic value of PALB2 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Chemotherapy Plus Radiotherapy Versus Radiotherapy in Patients With Small Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus: A SEER Database Analysis.

Background: Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus is a rare malignant tumor. We aimed to explore the chemotherapeutic efficacy on the prognosis of patients with small cell carcinoma of the esophagus who received radiotherapy.

Methods: To identify the population of interest, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data from 1996 to 2016 were chosen.

ATF2 inhibits ani-tumor effects of BET inhibitor in a negative feedback manner by attenuating ferroptosis.

BET inhibitor (BETi) has potential therapeutic effects on human cancer especially in breast cancer. However, the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we found that BETi JQ1 and I-BET-151 (I-BET) activated ATF2 through JNK1/2 pathway in breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 (MB-231).

68Ga-FAPI Outperforms 18F-FDG PET/CT in Identifying Bone Metastasis and Peritoneal Carcinomatosis in a Patient With Metastatic Breast Cancer.

A 60-year-old woman, previously treated for breast cancer, was referred to gastroenterologists due to persistent abdominal distension. F-FDG PET/CT revealed multiple abnormal foci at the skeleton including the bilateral ilium, peritoneum, and omentum. Ga-FAPI PET/CT was performed for further detecting the primary lesion, which showed a greater number of bone metastases and higher uptake in peritoneal carcinomatoses than F-FDG.

Combination cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors and endocrine therapy versus endocrine monotherapy for hormonal receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors plus endocrine therapy (ET) in hormonal receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer (ABC).

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Immuno-SPECT/PET imaging with radioiodinated anti-PD-L1 antibody to evaluate PD-L1 expression in immune-competent murine models and PDX model of lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: Accurate evaluation of tumor programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression can assist in predicting whether a patient will respond to anti-PD-L1 therapy. In this study, we aimed to develop stable radioiodinated PD-L1 antibodies that can be used for PD-L1 targeted SPECT/PET imaging.

Methods: Radioiodination was accomplished via a prosthetic group ([I]SIB or [I]SIB) to give radioiodinated anti-human PD-L1 and anti-mouse PD-L1 antibody (anti-PD-L1 and anti-PD-L1).

MicroRNA-215 Regulates the Apoptosis of HCT116 Colon Cancer Cells by Inhibiting X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein.

X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) is the strongest member of the family of inhibitor of apoptosis protein. Studies found that the expression of XIAP in colon cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues. Studies have shown that the expression of microRNA-215 (miR-215) was significantly lower than that of the adjacent tissues.

68Ga-FAPI PET/CT Detects Gastric Signet-Ring Cell Carcinoma in a Patient Previously Treated for Prostate Cancer.

A 75-year-old man with a history of prostate cancer (T1N0M0, Gleason score 4 + 3) was referred to radionuclide bone scan and Ga-PSMA PET/CT to detect recurrence. Multiple abnormal foci were observed in the axial and appendicular skeleton, which were suggestive of metastatic superscan from prostate cancer. However, histopathological examinations (from bone biopsy) did not support the metastases from prostate cancer.

Comparison of 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET/CT in a Patient With Cholangiocellular Carcinoma: A Case Report.

The present study compared Ga-FAPI and F-FDG PET/CT in a patient with cholangiocellular carcinoma. In this case, Ga-FAPI PET shows much higher tumor-to-background contrast of primary tumor and reveals more metastatic lesions, especially the micrometastases of bones, than F-FDG PET.

68Ga-FAPI PET/CT in Assessment of Liver Nodules in a Cirrhotic Patient.

Ga-FAPI PET/CT was performed in a 56-year-old cirrhotic patient with multiple liver nodules, which were suspected of hepatocellular carcinoma by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance but were not visualized by F-FDG PET/CT. Increased Ga-FAPI liver uptake was observed in this cirrhotic patient. However, the nodules had no pathological Ga-FAPI uptake and were clearly visualized due to the low activity compared with surrounding liver parenchyma.

Syntheses and Preliminary Evaluation of Dual Target PET Probe [18F]-NOTA-Gly3- E (2PEG4-RGD-WH701) for PET Imaging of Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 (TNFR1) and integrin αvβ3 receptor are overexpressed in breast cancer. We hypothesized that a peptide ligand recognizing both receptors in a single receptor-binding probe would be advantageous. Here, we developed a novel 18F-labeled fusion peptide probe [18F]-NOTA-Gly3- E(2PEG4-RGD-WH701) targeting dual receptors (TNFR1 and αvβ3) and evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of this radioactive probe in both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 xenograft models in mice.

Prognostic nomogram based on the metastatic lymph node ratio for gastric neuroendocrine tumour: SEER database analysis.

Objective: The prediction of survival of gastric neuroendocrine tumours (g-NETs) is controversial. Prognostic effects of the metastatic lymph node ratio (LNR) in patients with g-NET were explored, and a nomogram was plotted to predict the survival rates of patients.

Methods: A longitudinal study conducted on the basis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.

Comparison of [Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and [F] FDG PET/CT for the diagnosis of primary and metastatic lesions in patients with various types of cancer.

Purpose: We evaluated the potential usefulness of [Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for the diagnosis of primary and metastatic lesions in various types of cancer, compared with [F] FDG PET/CT.

Methods: A total of 75 patients with various types of cancer underwent contemporaneous [Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and [F] FDG PET/CT either for an initial assessment or for recurrence detection. Tumour uptake was quantified by the maximum standard uptake value (SUV).

68Ga-FAPI PET/CT Improves Therapeutic Strategy by Detecting a Second Primary Malignancy in a Patient With Rectal Cancer.

A 71-year-old man with pathologically confirmed rectal cancer underwent F-FDG PET/CT before radical operation, which showed multiple nodules with low uptake in bilateral pleura and 1 solitary pulmonary nodule with slight uptake in left lung. The subpleural nodule was diagnosed as benign lesion through the biopsy. Ga-labeled fibroblast-activation-protein inhibitor PET/CT was performed for further evaluation, which showed low uptake in bilateral subpleural nodules but focally increased uptake in the nodule of left lung.

Corilagin Alleviates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in High-Fat Diet-Induced C57BL/6 Mice by Ameliorating Oxidative Stress and Restoring Autophagic Flux.

Corilagin (Cori) possesses multiple biological activities. To determine whether Cori can exert protective effects against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its potential mechanisms. C57BL/6 mice were fed with high-fat diet (HFD) alone or in combination with Cori (20 mg/kg, i.

Circular RNA TUBD1 Acts as the miR-146a-5p Sponge to Affect the Viability and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Production of LX-2 Cells through the TLR4 Pathway.

The functions and molecular mechanism of circRNAs in the development of radiation-induced liver disease (RILD) remain largely unknown. The goal of this study was to explore the expression and potential role of a new circular RNA, named circTUBD1, in irradiated and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human hepatic stellate cell (HSC) line LX-2 cells. The expression of circTUBD1 was significantly upregulated in irradiated and LPS-stimulated LX-2 cells compared to non-treated LX-2 cells.

Expert Consensus on clinical application of FDG PET/CT in infection and inflammation.

To further promote the clinical application of F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) in infection and inflammation and standardize the diagnostic process, the experts in relevant fields in China carried out discussion and formed the Expert Consensus on the clinical application of FDG PET/CT in infection and inflammation. This consensus is intended to provide a reference for imaging physicians to select a reasonable diagnostic plan. However, it should be noted that it couldn't include or solve all the problems in clinical operation.

Quantitative evaluation of salivary gland scintigraphy in Sjögren's syndrome: comparison of diagnostic efficacy and relationship with pathological features of the salivary glands.

Objective: The value of salivary gland scintigraphy (SGS) in the evaluation of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of quantitative SGS in patients with xerostomia and to assess the correlation between scintigraphic parameters and pathological features of salivary glands.

Methods: Medical records of 165 patients with xerostomia who underwent [99mTc] pertechnetate SGS and labial biopsy were retrospectively reviewed.

Combined tumor plus nontumor interim FDG-PET parameters are prognostic for response to chemoradiation in squamous cell esophageal cancer.

We have investigated the prognostic value of two novel interim F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) parameters in patients undergoing chemoradiation (CRT) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC): one tumor parameter (maximal standardized uptake ratio rSUR) and one normal tissue parameter (change of FDG uptake within irradiated nontumor-affected esophagus ∆SUV ). PET data of 134 European and Chinese patients were analyzed. Parameter establishment was based on 36 patients undergoing preoperative CRT plus surgery, validation was performed in 98 patients receiving definitive CRT.

Radiolabeled Peptides for SPECT and PET Imaging in the Detection of Breast Cancer: Preclinical and Clinical Perspectives.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Due to the heterogeneous nature of breast cancer, the optimal treatment and expected response for each patient may not necessarily be universal. Molecular imaging techniques could play an important role in the early detection and targeted therapy evaluation of breast cancer.

Usefulness of [F]fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT for evaluating the PD-L1 status in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Purpose: To explore the relationship between [F]fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG uptake) and PD-L1 expression and determine the usefulness of F-FDG PET/CT for evaluating the PD-L1 status in tumour cells (TCs) and tumour-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the records of 84 eligible patients who received an initial histopathological diagnosis of NPC between December 2016 and March 2019. All tissue specimens and PET/CT images were collected prior to treatment.