Effects of MeCP2 on chronic seizures and cognitive function in mice with temporal lobe epilepsy.

Mutations in methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) are linked to Rett syndrome, in which epilepsy is one of the most well-described disorders. However, little is known about the specific role of MeCP2 during epileptogenesis. Our previous study has demonstrated that MeCP2 has a unique control on the development of mossy fiber sprouting (MFS) in the epileptic hippocampus.

DCTCNet: Sequency discrete cosine transform convolution network for visual recognition.

The discrete cosine transform (DCT) has been widely used in computer vision tasks due to its ability of high compression ratio and high-quality visual presentation. However, conventional DCT is usually affected by the size of transform region and results in blocking effect. Therefore, eliminating the blocking effects to efficiently serve for vision tasks is significant and challenging.

Ductilization of 2.6-GPa alloys via short-range ordered interfaces and supranano precipitates.

Higher strength and higher ductility are desirable for structural materials. However, ultrastrong alloys inevitably show decreased strain-hardening capacity, limiting their uniform elongation. We present a supranano (<10 nanometers) and short-range ordering design for grain interiors and grain boundary regions, respectively, in fine-grained alloys based on vanadium, cobalt, and nickel, with additions of tungsten, copper, aluminum, and boron.

Transanal vs Laparoscopic Total Mesorectal Excision and 3-Year Disease-Free Survival in Rectal Cancer: The TaLaR Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Previous studies have demonstrated the advantages of short-term histopathological outcomes and complications associated with transanal total mesorectal excision (TME) compared with laparoscopic TME. However, the long-term oncological outcomes of transanal TME remain ambiguous. This study aims to compare 3-year disease-free survival of transanal TME with laparoscopic TME.

Switching CO2 Electroreduction toward C2+ Products and CH4 by Regulate the Protonation and Dimerization in Platinum/Copper Catalysts.

Copper (Cu)-based catalysts exhibit distinctive performance in the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) with complex mechanism and sophisticated types of products. The management of key intermediates *CO and *H is a necessary factor for achieving high product selectivity, but lack of efficient and versatile strategies. Herein, we designed Pt modified Cu catalysts to effectively modulate the competitive coverage of those intermediates.

Multiple and transforming vibrational identities of atoms in amorphous solids.

Identifying the diverse roles of disorderly packed atoms inside an amorphous solid has been a highly pursued but daunting task in glass physics. By analyzing the full-frequency vibrational modes of a model Cu50Zr50 glass, here, we classify the internal atoms into low-, subhigh-, and high-frequency ones that have different tendencies for rearrangements upon excitations. We find that low-frequency atoms are structurally unfavored and tend to aggregate.

Harnessing Hole Sites in 2D Monolayer C for Metal Cluster Anchoring.

Synthesis of 2D quasi-hexagonal phase C (qHP C) has opened avenues for its application as a novel catalytic support. This study investigates the structure, stability, and anisotropic properties of Cu clusters anchored on the qHP C surface through density functional theory calculations. Our findings reveal that the Cu cluster preferentially occupies the intrinsic holes of the qHP C via one of its tetrahedral faces, resulting in enhanced stability and conductivity, with a significantly reduced band gap of 0.

High-Performance Proton Exchange Membrane with Vertically Aligned Montmorillonite Nanochannels.

The traditional perfluorosulfonic acid proton exchange membrane is crucial for proton exchange membrane fuel cells, but its high cost has impeded broader commercialization. In this study, a novel concept of a cost-effective and stable vertically aligned polydopamine-intercalated montmorillonite membrane (VAPMM) is introduced. 2D nanochannels formed within the lamellar structure of polydopamine-coated montmorillonite nanosheets provide a significant stable in-plane proton conductivity of 0.

Spin State Modulation with Oxygen Vacancy Orientates C/N Intermediates for Urea Electrosynthesis of Ultrahigh Efficiency.

The co-electrolysis of CO and NO to synthesize urea has become an effective pathway to alternate the conventional Bosch-Meiser process, while the complexity of C-/N-containing intermediates for C-N coupling results in the urea electrosynthesis of unsatisfactory efficiency. In this work, an electronic spin state modulation maneuver with oxygen vacancies (Ov) is unveiled to effectively meliorate the oriented generation of key intermediates NH and CO for C-N coupling, furnishing urea in ultrahigh yield of 2175.47 µg mg h and Faraday efficiency of 70.

Utilization of Stable and Efficient High-Entropy (NiZnMgCuCo)AlO Catalyst with Polyvalent Transition Metals to Boost Peroxymonosulfate Activation toward Pollutant Degradation.

A polyacrylamide gel method has been used to synthesize a variety of polyvalent-transition-metal-doped Ni position of high entropy spinel oxides (NiZnMgCuCo)AlO-800 °C (A) on the basis of NiAlO, and the catalytic activity of A is studied under the synergistic action of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation and simulated sunlight. The A containing polyvalent transition metals (Ni, Cu, and Co) can effectively activate PMS and efficiently degrade levofloxacin (LEV) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) under simulated sunlight irradiation. After 90 min of light exposure, the degradation percentages of LEV (50 mg L) and TCH (100 mg L) degrade by the A/PMS/vis system reach 87.

Protocol for a Phase 2 randomized controlled patient-assessor blinded study: efficacy and safety of combined cortical and cerebellar dual-target transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of essential tremor.

Background: Essential tremor (ET) is the most common neurological movement disorder with few treatments and limited therapeutic efficacy, research into noninvasive and effective treatments is critical. Abnormal cerebello-thalamo-cortical (CTC) loop function are thought to be significant pathogenic causes of ET, with the cerebellum and cortex are common targets for ET treatment. In recent years, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been recognized as a promising brain research technique owing to its noninvasive nature and safety.

Quantitative relationships between elastic modulus of rod and biomechanical properties of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: a finite element analysis.

Background: Currently, some novel rods with lower elastic modulus have the potential as alternatives to traditional titanium alloy rods in lumbar fusion. However, how the elastic modulus of the rod (rod-E) influences the biomechanical performance of lumbar interbody fusion remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the quantitative relationships between rod-E and the biomechanical performance of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF).

Mutual mediation effects of homocysteine and PCSK9 on coronary lesion severity in patients with acute coronary syndrome: interplay with inflammatory and lipid markers.

Background: Homocysteine (Hcy) and the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) significantly contribute to atherosclerosis (AS) as well as coronary lesion severity. Our previous work demonstrated that Hcy upregulates PCSK9, accelerating lipid accumulation and AS. A PCSK9 antagonist reduces plasma Hcy levels in ApoE mice.

Bisecting GlcNAc modification of vesicular GAS6 regulates CAFs activation and breast cancer metastasis.

Background: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a pivotal component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), playing key roles in tumor initiation, metastasis, and chemoresistance. While glycosylation is known to regulate various cellular processes, its impact on CAFs activation remains insufficiently explored.

Methods: We assessed the correlation between bisecting GlcNAc levels and CAFs markers (α-SMA, PDGFRA, PDGFRB) in breast cancer tissues.

Comparing the efficacy of 3D-printing-assisted surgery with traditional surgical treatment of fracture: an umbrella review.

Background: The objective of this review is to evaluate the methodological quality of meta-analyses and observe the consistency of the evidence they generated to provide comprehensive and reliable evidence for the clinical use of three-dimensional (3D) printing in surgical treatment of fracture.

Methods: We searched three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) up until August 2024. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards were adhered to in this review.

Assessment of glymphatic function and white matter integrity in children with autism using multi-parametric MRI and machine learning.

Objectives: To assess glymphatic function and white matter integrity in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using multi-parametric MRI, combined with machine learning to evaluate ASD detection performance.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study collected data from 110 children with ASD (80 exploratory, 43 validation) and 68 typically developing children (50 exploratory, 18 validation) from two centers. The automated diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space (aDTI-ALPS), fractional anisotropy (FA), cerebrospinal fluid volume, and perivascular space (PVS) volume indices were extracted from DTI, three-dimensional T1-weighted, and T2-weighted images.

Identification of prognostic biomarkers of sepsis and construction of ceRNA regulatory networks.

Sepsis is a life-threatening severe organ dysfunction, and the pathogenesis remains uncertain. Increasing evidence suggests that circRNAs, mRNAs, and microRNAs can interact to jointly regulate the development of sepsis. Identifying the interaction between ceRNA regulatory networks and sepsis may contribute to our deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of sepsis, bring new insights into early recognition and treatment of sepsis.

Multicentre, multitime, multidimension, prospective follow-up cohort study on patients during the first wave of COVID-19 in China: a study protocol.

Introduction: During the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in China, the surge of COVID-19 cases was rapid and drastic. Emerging evidence suggests that beyond the acute phase, patients with COVID-19 may experience a wide range of postacute or long COVID sequelae. However, the mechanism and burden of COVID-19, especially long COVID, have not yet been comprehensively clarified.

Depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults in China: The interaction of physical activity and sleep duration.

Background: Previous research on the interaction of physical activity and sleep on depressive symptoms was mostly cross-sectional or conducted with children or young adults. This study examines the main and interactive associations of physical activity and sleep duration with depressive symptoms over a 3-year period among middle-aged and older Chinese adults.

Methods: Data from 4269 Chinese adults aged 45 or older from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were used.

Hyaluronan-decorated CuO-doxorubicin nanodot clusters for targetedly sensitizing cuproptosis in breast cancer via a three-pronged strategy.

Cuproptosis shows great prospects in cancer treatments. However, insufficient intracellular copper amount, low-level redox homeostasis, and hypoxic tumor microenvironment severely restrict cuproptosis efficacy. Herein, hydrazided hyaluronan-templated decorated CuO-doxorubicin (CuDT) nanodot clusters (NCs) are developed for efficient doxorubicin (DOX)-sensitized cuproptosis therapy in breast cancer via a three-pronged strategy.

Contrastive independent subspace analysis network for multi-view spatial information extraction.

Multi-view classification integrates features from different views to optimize classification performance. Most of the existing works typically utilize semantic information to achieve view fusion but neglect the spatial information of data itself, which accommodates data representation with correlation information and is proven to be an essential aspect. Thus robust independent subspace analysis network, optimized by sparse and soft orthogonal optimization, is first proposed to extract the latent spatial information of multi-view data with subspace bases.

Evaluation of the inhibitory effect of different molecular weights chitosan on MRGPRX2-mediated mast cell degranulation and the pseudo-allergic reaction.

Objectives: Chitosan is widely used in medicine to regulate immune responses in T cells and dendritic cells. However, research on the regulation of mast cells (MCs) is scarce. Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) is a key receptor that mediates MC activation.

Metabolic Reprogramming of Neural Stem Cells by Chiral Nanofiber for Spinal Cord Injury.

Exogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) have great potential to reconstitute damage spinal neural circuitry. However, regulating the metabolic reprogramming of NSCs for reliable nerve regeneration has been challenging. This report discusses the biomimetic dextral hydrogel (DH) with right-handed nanofibers that specifically reprograms the lipid metabolism of NSCs, promoting their neural differentiation and rapid regeneration of damaged axons.

Gaudichaudione H Enhances the Sensitivity of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells to Disulfidptosis via Regulating NRF2-SLC7A11 Signaling Pathway.

Gaudichaudione H (GH) is a naturally occurring small molecular compound derived from Garcinia oligantha Merr. (Clusiaceae), but the full pharmacological functions remain unclear. Herein, the potential of GH in disulfidptosis regulation, a novel form of programmed cell death induced by disulfide stress is explored.

Improved Efficacy of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Immunotherapy via Hydrogel-Based Co-Delivery of CAR-T Cells and Mitophagy Agonist.

Leaky and structurally abnormal blood vessels and increased pressure in the tumor interstitium reduce the infiltration of CAR-T cells in solid tumors, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Furthermore, high burden of tumor cells may cause reduction of infiltrating CAR-T cells and their functional exhaustion. In this study, various effector-to-target (E:T) ratio experiments are established to model the treatment using CAR-T cells in leukemia (high E:T ratio) and solid tumor (low E:T ratio).