Comparison of activated sludge and virus interactions in aerobic and anaerobic membrane bioreactors.

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are effective sewage treatment technologies, yet the differences in virus removal efficiency between aerobic (AeMBR) and anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR), remain inadequately understood. This study compared the virus removal efficiency of AeMBR and AnMBR, focusing on the interactions between aerobic (AeS) and anaerobic (AnS) activated sludge and viruses in the sewage treatment process. Results showed average log removal values (LRVs) for MS2 of 2.

[Migration Characteristics of Manganese During Rainfall Events and Its Impacts on Water Quality in a Drinking Water Source Reservoir].

In view of the problem of excessive manganese concentrations in the Xi'an Jinpen Reservoir during the flood season in 2017, the vertical distribution of manganese in density currents and its occurrence pattern were monitored at multiple monitoring sections along the upstream reaches to the main basin. The influences of density currents plunging into the reservoir on the migration and transformation of Mn were studied, and sedimentation, output, and deposition of manganese in the reservoir water were also specifically estimated during a single, typical storm runoff process. Devices for avoiding high turbidity and high load inflows in rainfall events were proposed.

[Effects of Different Coagulants on Co-manganese Oxides Filter Media for Removing Ammonium and Manganese from Surface Water in Summer and Autumn].

Under high temperatures in summer and autumn, the effects of FeCl, PFC, and PAFC on co-manganese oxides filter media for removing ammonium and manganese from surface water were investigated. The results showed that FeCl can be hydrolyzed easily, thus reducing the pH of the water and the residual iron in the water were not conducive to the removal of ammonium and manganese. Transforming the coagulant FeCl into PFC can effectively recover the removal effect of ammonium and manganese.