Nanozyme-based synergistic therapeutic strategies against tumors.

Cancer remains a global health threat, with traditional treatments limited by adverse effects and drug resistance. Nanozyme-based catalytic therapy with high stability and controllable activity provides targeted and specific in situ tumor treatment to address these challenges. More intriguingly, the tremendous advances in nanotechnology have enabled nanozymes to rival the catalytic activity of natural enzymes, presenting an exciting opportunity for innovating antitumor nanodrugs.

Circular RNAs in human diseases.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a unique class of RNA molecules formed through back-splicing rather than linear splicing. As an emerging field in molecular biology, circRNAs have garnered significant attention due to their distinct structure and potential functional implications. A comprehensive understanding of circRNAs' functions and potential clinical applications remains elusive despite accumulating evidence of their involvement in disease pathogenesis.

The gut microbiota diversity of five Orthoptera (Insecta, Polyneoptera) insects determined by DNA metabarcoding.

Most orthopteran insects are phytophagous and some are important pests in agriculture and forests. Many intestinal microflora of Orthoptera insects have been reported, primarily from Acridoidea and there have been few reports of other taxa. In this study, we collected 15 individuals representing five species (, , , and ) belonging to five orthopteran superfamilies (Tettigonioidea, Tetrigoidea, Eumastacoidea, Gryllotalpoidea and Grylloidea) to characterise and compare the gut microbiota with greater taxonomic width by performing sequencing analysis of the 16S rRNA V4 region in gut material.

Comparative mitogenomics of the genus (Aves, Passeriformes) and its phylogenetic implications.

The genus belongs to Motacillidae (Passeriformes), where mitochondrial features are poorly understood and phylogeny is controversial. Whole mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) data and large taxon sampling are considered to be ideal strategies to obtain this information. We generated four complete mitogenomes of , , and , and made comparative analyses of species combined with mitogenome data from GenBank, and then reconstructed phylogenetic trees based on 37 mitochondrial genes.

Detection of COVID-19 from chest X-ray images: Boosting the performance with convolutional neural network and transfer learning.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a pandemic that has caused thousands of casualties and impacts all over the world. Most countries are facing a shortage of COVID-19 test kits in hospitals due to the daily increase in the number of cases. Early detection of COVID-19 can protect people from severe infection.

Comparison of Chinese and American subjects on the self-administered Waterless Empirical Taste Test.

Cultural differences have been reported between the taste sensitivity of persons of Asian and European ancestry, although findings have been mixed. This study sought to determine whether American and Chinese adults perform differently on a novel taste test that requires no water, can be self-administered, and employs a representative of umami as one of its tastants. This 53-trial test was administered to 113 Chinese and 214 Americans.

Comparative mitochondrial genomes of four species of and phylogenetic implications (Orthoptera, Melanoplinae).

In this study, the whole mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) from four species were sequenced. The complete mitochondrial genomes of , , , and are 15,857 bp, 15,818 bp, 15,843 bp, and 15,872 bp in size, respectively. The 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) begin with typical ATN codons, except for COXI in , which begins with ACC.

Dimeric Thymosin β4 Loaded Nanofibrous Interface Enhanced Regeneration of Muscular Artery in Aging Body through Modulating Perivascular Adipose Stem Cell-Macrophage Interaction.

Regenerating nonthrombotic and compliant artery, especially in the aging body, remains a major surgical challenge, mainly owing to the inadequate knowledge of the major cell sources contributing to arterial regeneration and insufficient bioactivity of delivered peptides in grafts. Ultrathin nanofibrous sheaths stented with biodegrading elastomer present opening channels and reduced material residue, enabling fast cell recruitment and host remodeling, while incorporating peptides offering developmental cues are challenging. In this study, a recombinant human thymosin β4 dimer (DTβ4) that contains two complete Tβ4 molecules is produced.

Use of starch-based fat replacers in foods as a strategy to reduce dietary intake of fat and risk of metabolic diseases.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has emerged as one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Elevated blood cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels are crucial risk factors that contribute to the development of CVD and other metabolic diseases. Dietary fat is believed to be the key factor in modulating circulating cholesterol levels.

Teneligliptin protects against ischemia/reperfusion-induced endothelial permeability and .

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, especially among the elderly population. Ischemia and reperfusion cause damage to cells and initiate an acute inflammatory response, which leads to cerebral endothelial dysfunction, increased endothelial permeability, and potentially permanent disability. Teneligliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor that has been used almost exclusively in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.