The Role of Narratives in Countering Health Misinformation: A Scoping Review of the Literature.

Given the prevalence of health misinformation, it is essential to develop interventions to correct misinformation and reduce its negative influence. Emerging research has investigated the use of narratives as both prebunking and debunking strategies, but the findings are mixed regarding their effectiveness. This systematic scoping review aimed to examine the role of narratives in countering health misinformation, drawing on evidence from 19 studies.

Insights into the Spectral Characteristics and Sources of Dissolved Organic Matter in a Water Supply Reservoir.

This study focuses on the composition and sources of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the Fancun Reservoir, located in Ningguo City, Anhui Province, China. The investigation was conducted by analyzing the spectral characteristics of DOM using UV-Vis absorption spectra and fluorescence spectroscopy. The humic substances were dominated by fulvic acid, with an average DOM concentration of 30.

Development and Validation of KCPREDICT: A Deep Learning Model for Early Detection of Coronary Artery Lesions in Kawasaki Disease Patients.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a febrile vasculitis disorder, with coronary artery lesions (CALs) being the most severe complication. Early detection of CALs is challenging due to limitations in echocardiographic equipment (UCG). This study aimed to develop and validate an artificial intelligence algorithm to distinguish CALs in KD patients and support diagnostic decision-making at admission.

Using Zebrafish Models to Study Epitranscriptomic Regulation of CNS Functions.

Epitranscriptomic regulation of cell functions involves multiple post-transcriptional chemical modifications of coding and non-coding RNA that are increasingly recognized in studying human brain disorders. Although rodent models are presently widely used in neuroepitranscriptomic research, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as a useful and promising alternative model species. Mounting evidence supports the importance of RNA modifications in zebrafish CNS function, providing additional insights into epitranscriptomic mechanisms underlying a wide range of brain disorders.

The impact of relative word-length on effects of non-adjacent word transpositions.

A recent study (Wen et al., Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 50: 934-941, 2024) found no influence of relative word-length on transposed-word effects. However, following the tradition of prior research on effects of transposed words during sentence reading, the transposed words in that study were adjacent words (words at positions 2 and 3 or 3 and 4 in five-word sequences).

Resistance mechanisms to immune checkpoint inhibitors: updated insights.

The last decade has witnessed unprecedented succusses with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in treating cancer. Nevertheless, the proportion of patients who respond favorably to the treatment remained rather modest, partially due to treatment resistance. This has fueled a wave of research into potential mechanisms of resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors which can be classified into primary resistance or acquired resistance after an initial response.

Differential effects of chronic unpredictable stress on behavioral and molecular (cortisol and microglia-related neurotranscriptomic) responses in adult leopard (leo) zebrafish.

Stress plays a key role in mental, neurological, endocrine, and immune disorders. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is rapidly gaining popularity as s model organism in stress physiology and neuroscience research. Although the leopard (leo) fish are a common outbred zebrafish strain, their behavioral phenotypes and stress responses remain poorly characterized.

Cytotoxic and Noncytotoxic Steroidal Constituents of .

(-)-Cryptanoside A () was identified previously as a major cytotoxic component of the stems of collected in Laos, which mediates its activity by targeting Na/K-ATPase (NKA), with hydrogen bonds formed between its 11- and 4'-hydroxy groups and NKA being observed in its docking profile. In a continuing investigation, and its 17-epimer, (-)-17--cryptanoside A (), and the new (+)-2-hydroxyandrosta-4,6-diene-3-one-17-carboxylic acid () and the known (+)-2,21-dihydroxypregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione or 2-hydroxy-6,7-didehydrocortexone () pregnane-type steroids were isolated from . In addition, (-)-11,4'-di--acetylcryptanoside A () has been synthesized from the acetylation of .

Laser-Induced Olfactory Bulbectomy in Adult Zebrafish as a Novel Putative Model for Affective Syndrome: A Research Tribute to Brian Leonard.

Inducing multiple neurobehavioural and neurochemical deficits, olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) has been developed as a rodent model of depression with potential for antidepressant drug screening. However, the generality of this model in other vertebrate taxa remains poorly understood. A small freshwater teleost fish, the zebrafish (Danio rerio), is rapidly becoming a common model species in neuroscience research.

An integrated paper-based microfluidic platform for screening of early-stage Alzheimer's disease by detecting Aβ42.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia worldwide, and the development of early screening methods can address its significant health and social consequences. In this paper, we present a rotary-valve assisted paper-based immunoassay device (RAPID) for early screening of AD, featuring a highly integrated on-chip rotary micro-valve that enables fully automated and efficient detection of the AD biomarker (amyloid beta 42, Aβ42) in artificial plasma. The microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) of the RAPID pre-stores the required assay reagents on a μPAD and automatically controls the liquid flow through a single valve.

Data Mining Approach to Melatonin Treatment in Alzheimer's Disease: New Gene Targets and .

Melatonin is a hormone released by the pineal gland that regulates the sleep-wake cycle. It has been widely studied for its therapeutic effects on Alzheimer's disease (AD), particularly through the amyloidosis, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation pathways. Nevertheless, the mechanisms through which it exerts its neuroprotective effects in AD are still largely unknown.

Methylation of foreign DNA overcomes the restriction barrier of and allows efficient genetic manipulation.

Unlabelled: causes bacterial cold-water disease (BCWD) in salmonids and other fish, resulting in substantial economic losses in aquaculture worldwide. The mechanisms uses to cause disease are poorly understood. Despite considerable effort, most strains of have resisted attempts at genetic manipulation.

Eosinophilic Esophagitis-Related Food Impaction: Distinct Demographics, Interventions, and Promising Predictive Models.

Background: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an increasingly common cause of food impaction.

Aims: This study aims to provide a nationwide analysis of food impaction in patients with or without EoE diagnosis, concentrating on patient demographics, interventions, outcomes, and development of predictive machine-learning models.

Methods: A retrospective assessment was conducted using Nationwide Emergency Department Sample data from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2019.

Insights into the photocatalytic removal of malachite green organic pollutant by highly efficient hard responsive BaCoDyFeO catalysts.

The widespread discharge of organic dyes into the wastewater from various industrial processes has develop a major environmental apprehension in the modern world. To tackle such environmental issues, we are synthesizing a novel catalyst of composition, BaCoDyFeO (x = y = 0.02-0.

Targeted Degradation of HCV Polymerase by GalNAc-Conjugated ApTACs for Pan-Genotypic Antiviral Therapy with High Resistance Barriers.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of chronic liver disease. Although interferon-free direct-acting antivirals have led to significant advancements in the treatment of HCV infection, the high genetic variability of the virus and the emergence of acquired drug resistance pose potential threats to their effectiveness. In this study, we develop a broad-spectrum aptamer-based proteolysis targeting chimera, designated dNS5B, which effectively degrades both pan-genotypic NS5B polymerase and drug-resistant mutants through ubiquitin proteasome system.

Turning Cancer Immunotherapy to the Emerging Immune Checkpoint TIGIT: Will This Break Through the Limitations of the Legacy Approach?

The discovery of immune checkpoints (ICs) has pushed cancer treatment into the next era. As an emerging immune checkpoint, the TIGIT/CD155 axis inhibits the cytotoxicity of T and NK cells through multiple pathways. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting TIGIT are hopefully expected to address the issue of unresponsiveness to anti-PD-(L)1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) by combination therapy.

Dietary N-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake and Brain Health in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults.

Background: Dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) plays a significant role in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Since the neuroprotective effects of n-3 PUFA have been widely validated, the role of n-6 PUFA remains debated, with their underlying mechanisms still not fully understood.

Methods: In this study, 169,295 participants from the UK Biobank were included to analyze the associations between dietary n-6 PUFA intake and neurodegenerative diseases using Cox regression models with full adjustments for potential confounders.

Effects of 1-1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives of 3--Acetyl-11-Keto-Beta-Boswellic Acid from Resin on T-Cell Proliferation and Activation.

3--acetyl-11-keto--boswellic acid (-AKBA), a triterpene natural product, is one of the main natural products of resin (BSR) and has reported biological and immunomodulatory effects. 1-1,2,3-triazole derivatives of -AKBA (named -) were synthesized from -AKBA. The 1-1,2,3-triazole compounds are also known to have a wide range of biological and pharmacological properties as demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo studies.

Research on the Influence of Liquid Metal Embrittlement Cracks on the Strength and Fatigue Life of Spot-Welded Joints of Galvanized Q&P980 Steel.

Galvanized high-strength steel has emerged as a key focus in automotive lightweighting research. During resistance spot welding of galvanized steel, the phenomenon of liquid metal embrittlement (LME) can occur, which is characterized by the appearance of irregular cracks on the weld spot surface. However, the impact of LME cracks on the mechanical properties of joints remains unclear.

Molecular Insights into Structural Dynamics and Binding Interactions of Selected Inhibitors Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease.

The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro, also known as 3CLpro) is a key target for antiviral therapy due to its critical role in viral replication and maturation. This study investigated the inhibitory effects of Bofutrelvir, Nirmatrelvir, and Selinexor on 3CLpro through molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and free energy calculations. Nirmatrelvir exhibited the strongest binding affinity across docking tools (AutoDock Vina: -8.

Synthesis of 2,7-Dihydrooxepine-spirodithiophene Derivatives via an Intramolecular Ring Closure Reaction.

Spiro architectures with π-conjugation have improved thermal stability and stronger photosensitivity, making them potentially useful for organic optoelectronic devices. Our recent work has demonstrated the synthetic chemistry of a novel thiophene oligomer combining 2,7-dihydrooxepine and dispiro structure and derived it into A-D-A-type compounds. The optical spectroscopy and electrochemical characteristics were investigated.

Passive Isothermal Flexible Sensor Enabled by Smart Thermal-Regulating Aerogels.

Environmentally induced sensor temperature fluctuations can distort the outputs of a sensor, reducing their stability during long-term health monitoring. Here, a passive isothermal flexible sensor is proposed by using hierarchical cellulose aerogel (HCA) as the top tribonegative layer, which allows the sensor to adapt dynamic thermal environments through both radiative cooling and heat insulation. The radiative cooling effect can cool down the temperatures of a sensor in summer, while the hollow microfibers in HCA provide ultralow thermal conductivity to reduce internal heat loss in winter.

Anisotropic Plasmon Resonance in TiCT MXene Enables Site-Selective Plasmonic Catalysis.

The ever-growing interest in MXenes has been driven by their distinct electrical, thermal, mechanical, and optical properties. In this context, further revealing their physicochemical attributes remains the key frontier of MXene materials. Herein, we report the anisotropic localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) features in TiCT MXene as well as site-selective photocatalysis enabled by the photophysical anisotropy.

Land Use Change Consistently Reduces α- But Not β- and γ-Diversity of Bees.

Land use change threatens global biodiversity and compromises ecosystem functions, including pollination and food production. Reduced taxonomic α-diversity is often reported under land use change, yet the impacts could be different at larger spatial scales (i.e.