TrpC5 Mediates Acute Leptin and Serotonin Effects via Pomc Neurons.

The molecular mechanisms underlying acute leptin and serotonin 2C receptor-induced hypophagia remain unclear. Here, we show that neuronal and pro-opiomelanocortin (Pomc)-specific loss of transient receptor potential cation 5 (TrpC5) subunits is sufficient to decrease energy expenditure and increase food intake resulting in elevated body weight. Deficiency of Trpc5 subunits in Pomc neurons is also sufficient to block the anorexigenic effects of leptin and serotonin 2C receptor (Ht2Cr) agonists.

GPx1 knockdown suppresses chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells through induction of reductive stress.

Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) is a selenium (Se)-containing protein and is induced in cartilage formation. GPx1 eliminates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are required for chondrogenic induction. The physiological properties of GPx1 in cartilage and the redox mechanisms involved are not known.

AGEs Decreased SIRT3 Expression and SIRT3 Activation Protected AGEs-Induced EPCs' Dysfunction and Strengthened Anti-oxidant Capacity.

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been confirmed to induce dysfunction in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and play key roles in pathogenesis of diabetes-related vascular complications. The major function of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is to orchestrate oxidative metabolism and control reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, which are more closely related to EPCs' dysfunction. Our study therefore was designed to explore the role of SIRT3 on AGEs-induced EPCs dysfunction of.

in Neurons Is Required for Thermogenesis and Glycemia.

Whether neuronal inositol-requiring enzyme 1 () is required for the proper regulation of energy balance and glucose homeostasis is unclear. We found that pro-opiomelanocortin ()-specific deficiency of accelerated diet-induced obesity concomitant with a decrease in energy expenditure. This hypometabolic phenotype included deficits in thermogenic responses to diet and cold exposure as well as "beiging" of white adipose tissue.

Anti-apoptotic and angiogenic effects of intelectin-1 in rat cerebral ischemia.

Ischemic stroke is an acute life-threatening disease, which causes neurological dysfunction. The formation of new blood vessels around the infarct is vital to the restoration of perfusion and healing of brain tissue. Studies have shown that intelectin-1 (omentin) promotes endothelial cell function and angiogenesis in response to ischemia and inhibits apoptosis in rats with unilateral hind limb surgery.

A case report and literature review of Churg-Strauss syndrome presenting with myocarditis.

Background: Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) is a multisystem disorder characterized by asthma, prominent peripheral blood eosinophilia, and vasculitis signs.

Case Summary: Here we report a case of CSS presenting with acute myocarditis and heart failure and review the literature on CSS with cardiac involvement. A 59-year-old man with general fatigue, numbness of limbs, and a 2-year history of asthma was admitted to the department of orthopedics.

Simvastatin inhibits homocysteine-induced CRP generation via interfering with the ROS-p38/ERK1/2 signal pathway in rat vascular smooth muscle cells.

Inflammation plays a pivotal role throughout the formation and progression of atherosclerosis. As the most representative inflammatory marker, C-reactive protein (CRP) directly participates in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis. The elevated homocysteine (Hcy) level in plasma is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis.

[Prevalence of hearing disorders in China: a population-based survey in four provinces of China].

To investigate the prevalence, severity of hearing disorders and demographics of people with hearing disorders based on the whole population in Jilin, Guangdong, Shannxi and Gansu provinces in China. According to " WHO Ear and Hearing Disorders Survey Protocol" , 144 clusters were chosen with probability proportional sampling(PPS) method from the four provinces covering 194, 688, 061 residents. Audiological test, otological examination and questionnaire surveying were conducted for all samples from August, 2014 to September, 2015.

[ADVANCES IN ANATOMICAL REPAIR OF CHRONIC LATERAL ANKLE INSTABILITY].

Objective: To summarize the current status and progress of the treatment of chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI).

Methods: The literature about the anatomical repair of CLAI at home and abroad was reviewed and summarized.

Results: Broström and its modified operations are the most common surgical treatment of CLAI.

ER stress inhibitor attenuates hearing loss and hair cell death in Cdh23 mutant mice.

Hearing loss is one of the most common sensory impairments in humans. Mouse mutant models helped us to better understand the mechanisms of hearing loss. Recently, we have discovered that the erlong (erl) mutation of the cadherin23 (Cdh23) gene leads to hearing loss due to hair cell apoptosis.

The sirt1/NF-kB signaling pathway is involved in regulation of endothelin type B receptors mediated by homocysteine in vascular smooth muscle cells.

Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Endothelin type B (ET) receptors were involved in the pathogenesis of CVDs. However, Sirtuin 1(Sirt1) has potential protect roles for CVDs.

[Pathological changes of temporal bone after cochlear implantation and the countermeasures].

Cochlear implant (CI) is an artificial electronic device which can provide a sense of sound to a patient with severe or profound hearing loss. Pathological changes have been observed after CI surgery, which might influence the effectiveness of the CI procedure. In this review, we divided the postoperative pathological changes of the temporal bone into two categories according to different stages: immediate trauma and delayed side effects.

Association of MBL2 exon1 polymorphisms with high-risk human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancers: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is the main known cause of cervical cancer. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a recognition molecule that mediates phagocytosis and activates complement.

Methods: We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association of MBL-2 functional polymorphisms with HPV infection and cervical cancer (CC).

MicroRNA-20a-5p targets RUNX3 to regulate proliferation and migration of human hepatocellular cancer cells.

Growing evidence indicates that some abnormally expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) influence tumorigenesis and progression. Previous studies reported that miR-20a is among the frequently altered miRNAs in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its expression pattern and role in HCC remain controversial. In the present study, we demonstrated that miR-20a-5p exhibited aberrant expression in HCC tissues compared with paired non-tumor tissues: 52% of the tumor samples showed a greater increase.

The efficacy and safety of tenofovir alafenamide versus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in antiretroviral regimens for HIV-1 therapy: Meta-analysis.

Background: To date, a definite conclusion about efficiency and safety of tenofovir alafenamide for patients with HIV-1 is not available. The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of TAF versus TDF in antiretroviral regimens for patients with HIV-1.

Methods: PUBMED, MEDLINE, and EMBASE database were searched in March 2016, with no language restriction, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Ki-67 is overexpressed in human laryngeal carcinoma and contributes to the proliferation of HEp2 cells.

Ki-67 is one of the most useful markers to evaluate cell proliferative activity and has been widely used in tumor treatment and research. However, its role in human laryngeal carcinoma remains poorly defined. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of Ki-67 in human laryngeal squamous carcinoma and the effect of Ki-67 gene silencing by small interfering (si)RNA on the proliferation of human laryngocarcinoma HEp2 cells.

Early prophylactic anticoagulation for portal vein system thrombosis after splenectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of early prophylactic anticoagulation for the prevention of portal vein system thrombosis (PVST) after splenectomy. A systematic search of the PubMed, EMBASE, Springer and Cochrane Library databases was performed to identify studies comparing the outcomes in patients receiving or not receiving regular prophylactic anticoagulation after splenectomy. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Jadad Score and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

Reduced lipolysis response to adipose afferent reflex involved in impaired activation of adrenoceptor-cAMP-PKA-hormone sensitive lipase pathway in obesity.

Chemical stimulation of white adipose tissue (WAT) causes adipose afferent reflex (AAR) and sympathetic activation. This study is to investigate the effects of AAR on lipolysis and the mechanisms of attenuated lipolysis response to enhanced AAR in obesity. Obesity was caused by high-fat diet for 12 weeks in rats.

ADH1B and CDH1 polymorphisms predict prognosis in male patients with non-metastatic laryngeal cancer.

In this study, we assessed the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes and the prognosis of laryngeal cancer (LC) patients. Thirty-seven SNPs in 26 genes were genotyped in 170 male Han Chinese patients with LC. The effects of the candidate genes on the prognosis of LC patients were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression models.

Adiponectin potentiates the acute effects of leptin in arcuate Pomc neurons.

Objective: Adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs) are located on neurons of the hypothalamus involved in metabolic regulation - including arcuate proopiomelanocortin (Pomc) and Neuropeptide Y/Agouti-related peptide (NPY/AgRP) neurons. AdipoRs play a critical role in regulating glucose and fatty acid metabolism by initiating several signaling cascades overlapping with Leptin receptors (LepRs). However, the mechanism by which adiponectin regulates cellular activity in the brain remains undefined.

Antiviral Therapy in Lamivudine-Resistant Chronic Hepatitis B Patients: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

The relative efficacy of different strategies for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with lamivudine resistance (LAM-R) has not yet been systematically studied. Clinical trials were searched in PUBMED, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CNKI databases up to February 15, 2016. Nine trials including 764 patients met the entry criteria.

Bilaterally Primary Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty for Severe Hip Ankylosis with Ankylosing Spondylitis.

Objectives: Total hip arthroplasty is a reliable therapeutic intervention in patients with ankylosing spondylitis, in whom the aims of surgery are to reduce pain, restore hip function and improve quality of life. The current study is a retrospective analysis of the clinical and radiographic findings in a consecutive series of patients with hip ankylosis associated with severe ankylosing spondylitis who underwent bilateral primary total hip arthroplasty using non-cemented components.

Methods: From June 2008 to May 2012, total hip arthroplasty was performed on 34 hips in 17 patients with bilateral ankylosis caused by ankylosing spondylitis.

Connexin 43 Mediates White Adipose Tissue Beiging by Facilitating the Propagation of Sympathetic Neuronal Signals.

"Beige" adipocytes reside in white adipose tissue (WAT) and dissipate energy as heat. Several studies have shown that cold temperature can activate pro-opiomelanocortin-expressing (POMC) neurons and increase sympathetic neuronal tone to regulate WAT beiging. WAT, however, is traditionally known to be sparsely innervated.

Total ginsenosides suppress monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats: involvement of nitric oxide and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways.

Background: Ginsenosides have been shown to exert beneficial pharmacological effects on the central nervous, cardiovascular, and endocrine systems. We sought to determine whether total ginsenosides (TG) inhibit monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertension and to elucidate the underlying mechanism.

Methods: MCT-intoxicated rats were treated with gradient doses of TG, with or without N (G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester.

Effectiveness and safety of daclatasvir plus asunaprevir for hepatitis C virus genotype 1b: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aim: Daclatasvir plus asunaprevir (DCV + ASV) has demonstrated potent antiviral activity in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1b infection. A definite conclusion about efficacy and safety of DCV + ASV in patients with HCV genotype 1b is not available. A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate outcomes of all-oral treatment with DCV + ASV in terms of sustained virological response at 12 (SVR ) and 24 (SVR ) weeks and adverse effects after the end of treatment.