Key point of desert riparian forest development in the arid area: The response of phreatic water table depth to ecological water supply.

Desert riparian forest vegetation maintains the fragile balance of ecosystems in extreme arid areas. Raising the phreatic water table through efficient ecological water supply is the key to the desert riparian forests in extreme arid areas. The main objective of this study is to explore an innovative framework in which the response of phreatic water table depth (PWTD) to ecological water supply flow (EWSF) can be effectively reflected.

Performance evaluation of irrigation outlets with physical model study in Indus basin irrigation system of Pakistan.

The efficiency of water distribution at primary, secondary, and tertiary levels in the Indus Basin Irrigation System (IBIS) has historically suffered due to poor design, suboptimal operation, and water scarcity. To address these issues, the system has been designed with ungated irrigation outlets to ensure equitable water allocation at secondary and tertiary levels. This research evaluates the hydraulic performance of three irrigation outlets: adjustable proportional module (APM), adjustable orifice semi-module (AOSM), and open flume (OF) using a physical model study.

Aliphatic-acid coating and nano chitosan nucleator synergistically regulate the performance of PMMA "bone-Locking" foam dressing used for emergency fixation of clavicle fracture.

Clavicle emergency fixation can prevent fractured end from piercing heart and lung organs, which is crucial for wounded life. Clavicle with complex structure, great individual differences, and adjacent to important organs, which places high-requirements on performance of fixation materials. Developing advanced clavicle fixation material is a prominent hot-topic in the field of emergency-engineering.

Towards generalizable face forgery detection via mitigating spurious correlation.

The continuous advancement of face forgery techniques has caused a series of trust crises, posing a significant menace to information security and personal privacy. In response, deep learning is being employed to develop effective detection methods to identify deepfake images and videos. Currently, most detection methods generally achieve satisfactory performance in intra-domain detection.

EfficientNet-resDDSC: A Hybrid Deep Learning Model Integrating Residual Blocks and Dilated Convolutions for Inferring Gene Causality in Single-Cell Data.

Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs) reveal complex interactions between genes in organisms, crucial for understanding the life system's operation. The rapid development of biotechnology, especially single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), has generated a large amount of scRNA-seq data, which can be analyzed to explore the regulatory relationships between genes at the single-cell level. Previous models used to construct GRNs mainly aim at constructing associative relationships between genes, but usually fail to accurately reveal the causality between genes.

Anthropogenic activities disturb phytoplankton taxa and functional groups in an urban river.

Anthropogenic activities have substantial impacts on river ecosystems, yet how phytoplankton taxa and functional groups respond to varying levels of anthropogenic activity in urban rivers remains poorly understood. Herein, we investigated the sensitivity of phytoplankton taxa and functional groups to anthropogenic disturbances in the Bahe River, which experiences increased anthropogenic activity intensity from upstream to downstream. We found that both phytoplankton composition and niche breadth exhibited distinct variations among the three reaches with different anthropogenic disturbances.

An Atomistic Investigation of the Inverse Coarsening Process by the Phase-Field Crystal Model.

Coarsening is a very common phenomenon that has a crucial impact on the average grain size and properties of materials. However, our current understanding of coarsening is mainly based on the mean-field theories or ex situ observations, and the influence of transient process-related phenomena, such as grain rotation, inverse growth, etc., on coarsening was not considered.

PhNH10 Suppresses Low Temperature Tolerance in Petunia Through the Abscisic Acid-Dependent Pathway.

Low-temperature stress limits plant growth, and reduces aesthetics of many ornamental plants. Plants have developed different adaptive mechanisms to cope with low-temperature stress, in which NAC transcription factor family members playing an important role in low-temperature tolerance. However, their roles in petunia in response to low temperature are still largely unknown.

Impacts of mining on the diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates - A case study of molybdenum mining area in Luanchuan county.

Mineral exploitation is one of the human activities that seriously affect freshwater ecosystems. It is of great significance to study the impact of mining on the α and β diversity of macroinvertebrates. This study reveals the response of taxonomic and functional α and β diversity of macroinvertebrates to mining activities in the Luanchuan molybdenum mining area.

Spatially confined FeF cathodes in N-doped carbon nanotubes for lithium storage.

Herein, a N-doped carbon nanotube encapsulated FeF nanoparticle (FeF@N-CNTs) composite was developed pyrolysis and gas-phase fluorination strategies. The 3D carbon constrained scaffold enhances conversion reaction kinetics and effectively suppresses significant volume changes in the FeF cathode during cycling. Consequently, FeF@N-CNTs exhibits excellent rate capability and maintains a high discharge capacity of 110.

Association Between Attitudes Toward Mental Illness and Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Help Among College Students.

Objective: To analyze the relationship between attitudes toward mental illness and attitudes toward seeking professional help among college students.

Methods: From January to April 2023, a cluster sampling method was used to select classes of a university in Tianjin as groups, and a simple random sampling method was used to select all college students from 3 of the 7 classes as research objects. The general information questionnaire, the Mental Illness Attitude Questionnaire, and the Attitude Towards Professional Psychological Help Seeking Scale-Short Version were used to conduct the survey.

Constructed wetlands using recycled aggregates for the improved treatment of tailwater.

Recycled aggregates from the construction industry could be effective materials for constructed wetland (CW) wastewater treatment systems. However, whether the plants or which kinds of plants can survive in CWs with recycled aggregates or not is still scarce and urgent to study. The effects of different plant species, and several operation parameters on tailwater treatment from the sewage plants by CWs with different substrates (mixed construction recycled aggregate [MCRA], red brick [RB], and gravel) are systemically studied.

Integrating carbon reduction and ecological resilience strategies in the silk road economic corridor.

The Silk Road Economic Belt has become a pivotal region for China's sustainable development, focusing on the balance between carbon emissions and ecological resilience. Understanding the coordination between these factors is crucial for advancing China's westward economic shift and optimizing urban and demographic structures. This study investigates the coupling and coordination dynamics between carbon emissions and ecological resilience across 15 key cities in the Silk Road Economic Belt, using data from 2008 to 2018.

High Consistency Ramp Design Method for Low Noise Column Level Readout Chain.

In order to address the inconsistency problem caused by parasitic backend wiring among multiple ramp generators and among multiple columns in large-array CMOS image sensors (CIS), this paper proposes a high-precision compensation technology combining average voltage technology, adaptive negative feedback dynamic adjustment technology, and digital correlation double sampling technology to complete the design of an adaptive ramp signals inconsistency calibration scheme. The method proposed in this article has been successfully applied to a CIS with a pixel array of 8192(H) × 8192(V), based on the 55 nm 1P4M CMOS process, with a pixel size of 10×10μm2. The chip area is 88(H) × 89(V) mm2, and the frame rate is 10 fps.

Research on Abnormal State Detection of CZ Silicon Single Crystal Based on Multimodal Fusion.

The Czochralski method is the primary technique for single-crystal silicon production. However, anomalous states such as crystal loss, twisting, swinging, and squareness frequently occur during crystal growth, adversely affecting product quality and production efficiency. To address this challenge, we propose an enhanced multimodal fusion classification model for detecting and categorizing these four anomalous states.

Predicting the characteristics of a CB monolayer with ultrahigh carrier mobility.

Two-dimensional materials have excellent electronic and optical properties, suggesting absolute advantages in nanodevices. In this work, a new two-dimensional material with a puckered structure, a CB monolayer, is proposed. The material presents dynamic and thermal stability calculated by first-principle simulations.

Characteristics of natural corn starch/waste paper fiber composite foams treated by organic-inorganic hybrid hydrophobic coating technology.

With the growing global awareness of environmental protection, the demand for biodegradable materials to replace traditional plastic foam has become increasingly urgent. Starch-based foam, with its abundant availability, low cost, and biodegradability, has shown great potential as an alternative to plastic foam. However, its inherent high hydrophilicity and relatively low mechanical performance limit its widespread application.