Modeling of Accumulator in Roll-to-Roll Coating Equipment and Tension Control with Nonlinear PID.

This paper addresses the issue of the high-precision control of substrate tension in an accumulator during the roll-to-roll coating process. First, a coupling model for tension errors in the substrate within the accumulator is established, along with dynamic models for the input-output rollers, carriage, and the thrust model of the ball screw. Based on these models, a simulation model is built in MATLAB/Simulink to analyze the main causes of substrate tension errors in the accumulator under uncontrolled conditions.

Mercury Adsorption by Ca-Based Shell-Type Polymers Synthesized by Self-Assembly Mineralization.

Adsorption is one of the most promising strategies for heavy metal removal. For Hg(II) removal, mineralized Ca-based shell-type self-assembly beads (MCABs) using alginate as organic polymer template were synthesized in this work. The adsorbent preparation consists of gelation of a Ca-based spherical polymer template (CAB) and rate-controlled self-assembly mineralization in bicarbonate solution with various concentrations.

Performance Analysis of Troposphere Scattering Communication Channel with Chirp-BOK Modulation.

By utilizing chirp-BOK (binary orthogonal keying) modulation into a troposphere scattering communication system, a lower demodulation threshold can be achieved with excellent linear frequency modulation properties in a strong noise and weak signal environment. Firstly, the bit error rate (BER) formula of chirp-BOK modulation over a Rayleigh fading channel was derived theoretically. Then, the BER performance with different chirp-BOK parameters were numerically calculated.

Designing Carbon-Foam Composites via Molten-State Reduction for Multifunctional Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.

Advanced electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials are in great demand because of the severe electromagnetic population problem caused by the explosive growth of advanced electronics. Besides superior EMI shielding properties, the mechanical strength of the shielding materials is also critical for some specific application scenarios (e.g.

Pyrite in recirculating stacking hybrid constructed wetland: Electron transfer for nitrate reduction and phosphorus immobilization.

Pyrite is considered as an effective and environmentally friendly substrate in constructed wetlands (CW) for wastewater treatment, but its application in recirculation stacking hybrid constructed wetlands (RSHCW) has been scarcely studied. This study uses varying amounts of pyrite as the substrate in RSHCW, leveraging the recirculation of wastewater to alter microenvironments such as dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH, to explore the potential mechanisms of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) removal in pyrite-based RSHCW. The results show that as the proportion of pyrite increases, the removal rate of total phosphorus (TP) in the effluent also increases (25%→58%), significantly enhancing the deposition of iron-bound phosphorus (Fe-P) on the substrate, thereby turning CW into a P reservoir.

Dental bur detection system based on asymmetric double convolution and adaptive feature fusion.

This study aims to improve the detection of dental burs, which are often undetected due to their minuscule size, slender profile, and substantial manufacturing output. The present study introduces You Only Look Once-Dental bur (YOLO-DB), an innovative deep learning-driven methodology for the accurate detection and counting of dental burs. A Lightweight Asymmetric Dual Convolution module (LADC) was devised to diminish the detrimental effects of extraneous features on the model's precision, thereby enhancing the feature extraction network.

Design of integrated radar and communication system based on solvable chaotic signal.

In the integrated radar and communication system (IRCS), the design of signal that can simultaneously satisfy the radar detection and communication transmission is very important and difficult. Recently, some new properties of a class of solvable chaotic system have been studied for wireless applications, such as low bit error rate (BER) wireless communications and low cost target detection. In this paper, a novel IRCS based on the chaotic signal is proposed, and the performance of proposed scheme is analyzed.

Facile synthesis of Ir-based high-entropy alloy nanomaterials for efficient oxygen evolution electrocatalysis.

High-entropy alloy (HEA) nanomaterials have emerged as promising candidates as oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalyst to overcome the existing issues of the sluggish reaction kinetics and poor stability. In this study, IrRuCoCuNi HEA three-dimensional-nanoframeworks (3DNF) are prepared using a scalable approach-the spray-drying technique combined with thermal decomposition reduction (SD-TDR). The optimized catalyst, IrRuCoCuNi, demonstrates superior OER performance, with an overpotential of 264 mV at 10 mA cm and a Tafel slope of 47 mV dec, considerably surpassing the catalytic activity of commercial IrO.

First-principles investigation of the photocatalytic properties of two-dimensional CdO/ZrSSe heterojunctions.

Two-dimensional van der Waals heterojunction materials have demonstrated significant potential for photocatalytic water splitting in hydrogen production, owing to their distinct electronic and optical properties. Among these materials, direct Z-scheme heterojunctions have attracted considerable attention in recent research. In this study, a novel CdO/ZrSSe heterojunction is designed using first-principles calculations.

Multiphase Janus Azobenzene Inverse Opal Membrane toward On-Demand Photocontrolled Motion.

Azobenzene actuators have generated extensive research investment in the field of soft robots, artificial muscles, etc., based on the typical photoresponsive - isomerization. However, it remains challenging to achieve multiphase actuation at the gas-liquid interface and liquid phase.

Functionalized Bone Implant Inspired by Lattice Defense Strategy: Grid Management, Precise and Effective Multiple-Prevention of Osteomyelitis Recurrence and Promote Bone Regeneration.

Osteomyelitis with a high recurrence rate. Timely-prevention can avoid severe consequence and death. However, conventional drug response-release has the disadvantages of unnecessary release and waste, causing ineffective prevention.

HDCTfusion: Hybrid Dual-Branch Network Based on CNN and Transformer for Infrared and Visible Image Fusion.

The purpose of infrared and visible image fusion is to combine the advantages of both and generate a fused image that contains target information and has rich details and contrast. However, existing fusion algorithms often overlook the importance of incorporating both local and global feature extraction, leading to missing key information in the fused image. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a dual-branch fusion network combining convolutional neural network (CNN) and Transformer, which enhances the feature extraction capability and motivates the fused image to contain more information.

Abnormal-Sound Diagnosis for Kaplan Hydroelectric Generating Units Based on Continuous Wavelet Transform and Transfer Learning.

To realize abnormal-sound diagnosis in hydroelectric generating units, this study proposes a method based on continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and Transfer Learning (TL). A denoising algorithm utilizing spectral noise-gate technology is proposed to enhance fault characteristics in hydroelectric units. Subsequently, Continuous Wavelet Transform is applied to obtain frequency components, and the results are converted into a series of pseudo-color images to highlight information differences.

Dynamic Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube Resin Composite Films.

In this paper, we prepared carbon nanotube (CNT) epoxy composite films and conducted tensile experiments at various temperatures (-40 °C, -10 °C, 20 °C, and 50 °C) and frequencies (1 Hz, 10 Hz, and 20 Hz) using Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA). This study reveals the effects of temperature and frequency on the mechanical properties of CNT films and CNT epoxy composite films. The results indicate that the energy storage modulus of the pure CNT film is approximately 13 times greater than that of the composite material at 20 °C.

Mechanisms of anthraquinone dye Vat Blue 4 biodegradation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa WYT and genotoxicity assessment of its transformation products.

Dye biodegradation products may cause genotoxicity, raising concerns about the safety of bioremediated water. The underlying biotransformation mechanism and related genotoxicity during anthraquinone degradation remain unclear. In this study, we employed Pseudomonas aeruginosa WYT (PaWYT) to investigate the biotransformation of Vat Blue 4 (VB4), a dye with a typical anthraquinone structure and low bioavailability.

Pt@WS Mott-Schottky Heterojunction Boosts Light-Driven Active Ion Transport for Enhanced Ionic Power Harvesting.

Bioinspired light-driven ion transport in two-dimensional (2D) nanofluidics offers exciting prospects for solar energy harvesting. Current single-component nanofluidic membranes often suffer from low light-induced driving forces due to the easy recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Herein, we present a Pt@WS Mott-Schottky heterojunction-based 2D nanofluidic membrane for boosting light-driven active ion transport and solar enhanced ionic power harvesting.

Low-Temperature Lithium Metal Batteries Achieved by Synergistically Enhanced Screening Li Desolvation Kinetics.

Lithium metal anode is desired by high capacity and low potential toward higher energy density than commercial graphite anode. However, the low-temperature Li metal batteries suffer from dendrite formation and dead Li resulting from uneven Li behaviors of flux with huge desolvation/diffusion barriers, thus leading to short lifespan and safety concern. Herein, differing from electrolyte engineering, a strategy of delocalizing electrons with generating rich active sites to regulate Li desolvation/diffusion behaviors are demonstrated via decorating polar chemical groups on porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs).

SaTDT enhanced plant tolerance to NaCl stress by modulating the levels of malic acid and citric acid in cells.

The issue of soil salinization is a global concern that significantly impairs crop productivity, quality, and distribution. Tonoplast Dicarboxylate Transporter (TDT) is a pivotal malic acid transporter localized on the vacuolar membrane, involving in maintaining intracellular pH homeostasis in plants. However, the molecular mechanisms and regulatory pathways underlying plant salt tolerance through TDT remain elusive.

Proton Storage Chemistry in Aqueous Zinc-Inorganic Batteries with Moderate Electrolytes.

The proton (H) has been proved to be another important energy storage ion besides Zn in aqueous zinc-inorganic batteries with moderate electrolytes. H storage usually possesses better thermodynamics and reaction kinetics than Zn, and is found to be an important addition for Zn storage. Thus, understanding, characterizing, and modulating H storage in inorganic cathode materials is particularly important.

Edge computing resource scheduling method based on container elastic scaling.

Edge computing is a crucial technology to solve the problem of computing resources and bandwidth required for extensive edge data processing, as well as for meeting the real-time demands of applications. Container virtualization technology has become the underlying technical basis for edge computing due to its efficient performance. Because the traditional container scaling strategy has issues such as long response times, low resource utilization, and unpredictable container application loads, this article proposes a method for scheduling edge computing resources based on the elastic scaling of containers.

Research on the relationships between river erosion and sedimentation and energy loss in the Yangtze River Basin of China.

River scour and siltation, inherently prolonged and multifaceted phenomena, profoundly impact the hydraulic conductivity and navigational safety of waterways, thereby rendering the precise forecasting of their fluctuations a paramount and unresolved challenge. This study embarks on a novel investigative trajectory by examining energy dissipation in rivers, specifically through the scrutiny of empirical hydrological records. Employing the principles of energy balance theory, this study elucidates the intricate connection between energy losses and sedimentation volumes in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and at its confluence with the significant tributary, the Jialing River.