Association of Metabolomics With Incidence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: The UK Biobank Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify serum metabolites associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) incidence and investigate whether metabolite profiles enhance AMD risk prediction.

Methods: In a prospective cohort study involving 240,317 UK Biobank participants, we assessed the associations of 168 metabolites with AMD incidence using Cox hazards models. Principal component analysis (PCA) captured 90% of the variance in metabolites.

Diffusion-derived vessel density (DDVD) for penumbra delineation in brain acute ischemic stroke: initial proof-of-concept results using single NEX DWI.

Neuroimaging is a cornerstone in the diagnosis and treatment decision-making for brain acute ischemic stroke. A rapid and accurate diagnosis is the key, specifically for time-critical reperfusion therapies. Successful reperfusion of salvageable penumbra can reduce the extent of ischemic stroke and thus improve clinical outcomes, whereas reperfusion of irreversibly affected brain tissue is thought to be futile and may result in harm due to the risk of hemorrhagic transformation.

Feasibility study of low-dose computed tomography (CT) technology for maxillofacial bone three-dimensional (3D) printing in skeletal class III malocclusion.

Background: Skeletal class III malocclusion is among the most common dental and maxillofacial malformations. Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has become widely applied in orthopaedics. The data source for 3D printing of maxillofacial bones is computed tomography (CT).

Diagnosis of liver hemangioma using magnetic resonance diffusion-derived vessel density (DDVD) pixelwise map: a preliminary descriptive study.

Background: Liver hemangiomas (HGs) are characterized by cavernous venous spaces delineated by a lining of vascular endothelial cells and interspersed with connective tissue septa. Typically, a liver HG has higher apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and T2 values than those of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and liver metastases, and lower ADC and T2 values than those of liver simple cysts. However, a portion of HGs shows ADC and T2 overlapping with those of HCC, liver metastasis, and simple cyst.

ACKR1ECs Promote Aortic Dissection Through Adjusting Macrophage Behavior.

Background: Type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is a life-threatening condition characterized by complex pathophysiology, in which macrophages play a critical but not yet fully understood role. This study focused on the role of endothelial cells with elevated expression of ACKR1 (atypical chemokine receptor 1) and their interaction with proinflammatory macrophages in TAAD development.

Methods And Results: Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of human aortic tissues revealed increased populations of endothelial cells exhibiting high ACKR1 expression and proinflammatory macrophages in TAAD samples.

Radiomics of multimodal ultrasound for early prediction of pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer.

Rationale And Objectives: To construct and validate a clinical-radiomics model based on radiomics features extracted from two-stage multimodal ultrasound and clinicopathologic information for early predicting pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer patients treated with NAC.

Materials And Methods: Consecutive women with biopsy-proven breast cancer undergoing multimodal US pretreatment and after two cycles of NAC and followed by surgery between January 2014 and November 2023 were retrospectively collected for clinical-radiomics model construction (n = 274) and retrospective test (n = 134). The predictive performance of it was further tested in a subsequent prospective internal test set recruited between January 2024 to July 2024 (n = 76).

RETRACTION: Effects of Application of the Clinical Nursing Pathway on Surgical Site Wound Infection and Postoperative Complication Rates in Patients with Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Meta-Analysis.

J. Han and X.-J.

Efficient non-viral immune cell engineering using circular single-stranded DNA-mediated genomic integration.

The use of adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) as donors for homology-directed repair (HDR)-mediated genome engineering is limited by safety issues, manufacturing constraints and restricted packaging limits. Non-viral targeted genetic knock-ins rely primarily on double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and linear single-stranded DNA (lssDNA) donors. dsDNA is known to have low efficiency and high cytotoxicity, while lssDNA is challenging for scaled manufacture.

Effects of Physical Activity and Inactivity on Microvasculature in Children: The Hong Kong Children Eye Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical activity and inactivity on the microvasculature in children, as measured from retinal photographs.

Methods: All participants were from the Hong Kong Children Eye Study, a population-based cross-sectional study of children aged 6 to 8 years. They received comprehensive ophthalmic examinations and retinal photography.

A digital version of the nine-hole peg test: Speed may be a more reliable measure of upper-limb disability than completion time in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Background: A digital adaptation of the nine-hole peg test (9HPT) was developed with the potential to provide novel disability features for patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS).

Objectives: The objectives were to evaluate the 9HPT features based on reliability, prognosis, and discrimination between treatment groups.

Methods: The MS partners Advancing Technology and Health Solutions (MS PATHS) cohort data were used to derive new features including completion time and speed.

Efficacy and Safety of a Dedicated Device for Cerebral Venous Thrombectomy: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Lack of a dedicated thrombectomy device for cerebral venous thrombosis hinders the recanalization ability of endovascular treatment (EVT). Novel NiTi-braided stent retriever (Venous-TD) is a dedicated venous sinus thrombectomy device. This study aims to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of Venous-TD.

Comparative Evaluation of Clinical-MRI, Radiomics, and Integrated Nomogram Models for Preoperative Prediction of Placenta Accreta Spectrum.

Rationale And Objectives: The escalating incidence of placental accreta spectrum (PAS), a pregnancy complication, underscores the need for accurate prenatal diagnosis to guide optimal management strategies. This study aims to develop, validate, and compare various prenatal PAS prediction models integrating clinical data, MRI signs, and radiomics signatures.

Materials And Methods: A cohort comprising 111 patients (72 with PAS and 39 without, denoted as N-PAS) served as the training set, while another 47 patients (33 PAS and 14 N-PAS) constituted the validation set.

A PROTAC degrader suppresses oncogenic functions of PTK6 inducing apoptosis of breast cancer cells.

Protein tyrosine kinase 6 (PTK6), a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, is an oncogenic driver in many tumor types. However, agents that therapeutically target PTK6 are lacking. Although several PTK6 kinase inhibitors have been developed, none have been clinically translated, which may be due to kinase-independent functions that compromise their efficacy.

Leveraging Continuous Glucose Monitoring Data as an Additional Source for Glucagon Prescription Behavior.

Objective: Hypoglycemia can be life-threatening for patients with diabetes. We aimed to 1) evaluate percentage of glucagon prescription in patients with hypoglycemia on continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) reports, and 2) determine incident glucagon prescription after an educational letter delivered to the providers.

Research Design And Methods: The study had 2 components - retrospective chart review and a quality improvement (QI) component.

Coupling Habitat Radiomic Analysis with the Diversification of the Tumor ecosystem: Illuminating New Strategy in the Assessment of Postoperative Recurrence of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Rationale And Objectives: Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is highly recurrent, with each recurrence potentially progressing to muscle-invasive cancer, affecting patient prognosis. Intratumoral heterogeneity plays a crucial role in NMIBC recurrence. This study investigated a novel habitat-based radiomic analysis for stratifying NMIBC recurrence risk.

FS-YOLOv9: A Frequency and Spatial Feature-Based YOLOv9 for Real-time Breast Cancer Detection.

Rationale And Objectives: Breast cancer screening is critical for reducing mortality rates. YOLOv9, a new real-time object-detection model, is ideal for cancer screening. A customized YOLOv9 model with enhancements for detecting breast cancer on the basis of species and morphological diversity has potential clinical significance.

Radiomics Biomarkers to Predict Checkpoint Inhibitor Pneumonitis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Rationale And Objectives: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, immune-related adverse events still occur, of which checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is the most common. We aimed to construct and validate a contrast-enhanced computed tomography-based radiomic nomogram to predict the probability of CIP before ICIs treatment in NSCLC.

ASGR1 Deficiency Inhibits Atherosclerosis in Western Diet-Fed Mice by Regulating Lipoprotein Metabolism and Promoting Cholesterol Efflux.

Background: Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of cardiovascular diseases. Clinical studies indicate that loss-of-function ASGR1 (asialoglycoprotein receptor 1) is significantly associated with lower plasma cholesterol levels and reduces cardiovascular disease risk. However, the effect of ASGR1 on atherosclerosis remains incompletely understood; whether inhibition of ASGR1 causes liver injury remains controversial.

De novo production of protoberberine and benzophenanthridine alkaloids through metabolic engineering of yeast.

Protoberberine alkaloids and benzophenanthridine alkaloids (BZDAs) are subgroups of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs), which represent a diverse class of plant-specialized natural metabolites with many pharmacological properties. Microbial biosynthesis has been allowed for accessibility and scalable production of high-value BIAs. Here, we engineer Saccharomyces cerevisiae to de novo produce a series of protoberberines and BZDAs, including palmatine, berberine, chelerythrine, sanguinarine and chelirubine.