Probiotics for the treatment of ulcerative colitis: a review of experimental research from 2018 to 2022.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) has become a worldwide public health problem, and the prevalence of the disease among children has been increasing. The pathogenesis of UC has not been elucidated, but dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is considered the main cause of chronic intestinal inflammation. This review focuses on the therapeutic effects of probiotics on UC and the potential mechanisms involved.

Identification of peripheral blood immune infiltration signatures and construction of monocyte-associated signatures in ovarian cancer and Alzheimer's disease using single-cell sequencing.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a common tumor of the female reproductive system, while Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease that primarily affects cognitive function in the elderly. Monocytes are immune cells in the blood that can enter tissues and transform into macrophages, thus participating in immune and inflammatory responses. Overall, monocytes may play an important role in Alzheimer's disease and ovarian cancer.

Revolutionizing anti-tumor therapy: unleashing the potential of B cell-derived exosomes.

B cells occupy a vital role in the functioning of the immune system, working in tandem with T cells to either suppress or promote tumor growth within the tumor microenvironment(TME). In addition to direct cell-to-cell communication, B cells and other cells release exosomes, small membrane vesicles ranging in size from 30-150 nm, that facilitate intercellular signaling. Exosome research is an important development in cancer research, as they have been shown to carry various molecules such as major histocompatibility complex(MHC) molecules and integrins, which regulate the TME.

Identification of high-risk factors associated with mortality at 1-, 3-, and 5-year intervals in gastric cancer patients undergoing radical surgery and immunotherapy: an 8-year multicenter retrospective analysis.

Background: Combining immunotherapy with surgical intervention is a prevailing and radical therapeutic strategy for individuals afflicted with gastric carcinoma; nonetheless, certain patients exhibit unfavorable prognoses even subsequent to this treatment regimen. This research endeavors to devise a machine learning algorithm to recognize risk factors with a high probability of inducing mortality among patients diagnosed with gastric cancer, both prior to and during their course of treatment.

Methods: Within the purview of this investigation, a cohort of 1015 individuals with gastric cancer were incorporated, and 39 variables encompassing diverse features were recorded.

A comparable efficacy and safety between intracardiac echocardiography and transesophageal echocardiography for percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion.

Background: Accumulated clinical studies utilized intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) to guide percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO). However, its procedural success and safety compared to traditional transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) remained elusive. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to compare efficacy and safety of ICE and TEE for LAAO.

A novel T-cell exhaustion-related feature can accurately predict the prognosis of OC patients.

The phenomenon of T Cell exhaustion (TEX) entails a progressive deterioration in the functionality of T cells within the immune system during prolonged conflicts with chronic infections or tumors. In the context of ovarian cancer immunotherapy, the development, and outcome of treatment are closely linked to T-cell exhaustion. Hence, gaining an in-depth understanding of the features of TEX within the immune microenvironment of ovarian cancer is of paramount importance for the management of OC patients.

Development and validation of a nomogram model to predict primary graft dysfunction in patients after lung transplantation based on the clinical factors.

Background: Primary graft dysfunction (PGD), a significant complication that can affect patients' prognosis and quality of life, develops within 72 h post lung transplantation (LTx). Early detection and prevention of PGD should be given special consideration. The purpose of this study was to create a clinical prediction model to forecast the occurrence of PGD.

Conduction system pacing is superior to biventricular pacing in patients with heart failure: Insights from the pooled clinical studies.

The effects of conduction system pacing (CSP) compared with conventional biventricular pacing (BVP) on heart function in patients with heart failure remain elusive. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane's Library and Web of science databases were searched up to 1 October 2022 for pertinent controlled studies. Random or fixed-effect model were used to synthesize the clinical outcomes.

Liproxstatin-1 Alleviates Lung Transplantation-induced Cold Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Ferroptosis.

Background: Primary graft dysfunction, which is directly related to cold ischemia-reperfusion (CI/R) injury, is a major obstacle in lung transplantation (LTx). Ferroptosis, a novel mode of cell death elicited by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has been implicated in ischemic events. This study aimed to investigate the role of ferroptosis in LTx-CI/R injury and the effectiveness of liproxstatin-1 (Lip-1), a ferroptosis inhibitor, in alleviating LTx-CI/R injury.

Protein arginine methyltransferase 5-mediated arginine methylation stabilizes Kruppel-like factor 4 to accelerate neointimal formation.

Aims: Accumulating evidence supports the indispensable role of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) in the pathological progression of several human cancers. As an important enzyme-regulating protein methylation, how PRMT5 participates in vascular remodelling remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of PRMT5 in neointimal formation and to evaluate its potential as an effective therapeutic target for the condition.

Etoposide, dexamethasone, and pegaspargase with sandwiched radiotherapy in early-stage natural killer/T-cell lymphoma: A randomized phase III study.

Methotrexate, etoposide, dexamethasone, and pegaspargase (MESA) with sandwiched radiotherapy is known to be effective for early-stage extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (NKTCL). We explored the efficacy and safety of reduced-intensity, non-intravenous etoposide, dexamethasone, and pegaspargase (ESA) with sandwiched radiotherapy. This multicenter, randomized, phase III trial enrolled patients aged between 14 and 70 years with newly diagnosed early-stage nasal NKTCL from 27 centers in China.

NFATc3 Promotes Pulmonary Inflammation and Fibrosis by Regulating Production of CCL2 and CXCL2 in Macrophage.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and highly lethal inflammatory interstitial lung disease characterized by aberrant extracellular matrix deposition. Macrophage activation by cytokines released from repetitively injured alveolar epithelial cells regulates the inflammatory response, tissue remodeling, and fibrosis throughout various phases of IPF. Our previous studies demonstrate that nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic member 3 (NFATc3) regulates a wide array of macrophage genes during acute lung injury pathogenesis.

Relevance of vitamin D on NAFLD and liver fibrosis detected by vibration controlled transient elastography in US adults: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2017-2018.

Background: The connection between vitamin D to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is still unclear. Herein, the relationship of vitamin D with NAFLD and liver fibrosis (LF) detected by vibration controlled transient elastography was investigated in US adults.

Methods: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 2017-2018 was employed for our analysis.

Crosstalk of disulfidptosis-related subtypes, establishment of a prognostic signature and immune infiltration characteristics in bladder cancer based on a machine learning survival framework.

Background: Bladder cancer (BLCA) is the most common malignancy of the urinary tract. On the other hand, disulfidptosis, a mechanism of disulfide stress-induced cell death, is closely associated with tumorigenesis and progression. Here, we investigated the impact of disulfidptosis-related genes (DRGs) on the prognosis of BLCA, identified various DRG clusters, and developed a risk model to assess patient prognosis, immunological profile, and treatment response.

DR region of NKAα1 is a target to ameliorate hepatic lipid metabolism disturbance in obese mice.

Background: Na/K-ATPase (NKA), an ion pumping enzyme ubiquitously expressed in various cells, is critically involved in cellular ion homeostasis and signal transduction. However, the role of NKA in hepatic lipid homeostasis has yet to be fully characterized.

Methods: The activity of NKA and NKAα1 expression were determined in steatotic cells, mice and patients.

Sandwich stent located in the iliac artery dislodged into the thoracic aorta and its remedy.

The sandwich stent technique is a commonly used method to preserve unilateral internal iliac artery flow when treating iliac artery aneurysm. In this case, covered stent grafts (Viabahn, Gore) were used to build the iliac limb of a sandwich stent. However, if Viabahn is released without long sheath protection, the trigger wire is easily wound on another stent, resulting in the Viabahn delivery system being inseparable from the stent.

Effect of augmented reality navigation technology on perioperative safety in partial nephrectomies: A meta-analysis and systematic review.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of augmented reality surgical navigation (ARSN) technology on short-term outcomes of partial nephrectomy (PN).

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science for eligible studies published through March 28, 2022. Two researchers independently performed the article screening, data extraction and quality review.

Targeting the Na/K ATPase DR-region with DR-Ab improves doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent chemotherapeutic drug for various cancers. Yet, the cardiotoxic side effects limit its application in clinical uses, in which ferroptosis serves as a crucial pathological mechanism in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). A reduction of Na+/K + ATPase (NKA) activity is closely associated with DIC progression.

[Analysis of Long-Term Prognostic Factors Based on Nutritional Status in Patients with Multiple Myeloma].

Objective: To explore the prognostic factors of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) based on nutritional status.

Methods: The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score and clinical parameters at diagnosis of 203 newly diagnosed MM patients hospitalized in the department of hematology, Wuxi People's Hospital from January 1, 2007 to June 30, 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The best cut-off value was determined by ROC curve, and the patients were divided into high CONUT group (>6.

Ceftazidime/Avibactam for the Treatment of Carbapenem-Resistant Infection in Lung Transplant Recipients.

Background: Experience of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ/AVI) for carbapenem-resistant (CRPA) infection in recipients after lung transplantation (LT) is relatively limited.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on lung transplant recipients receiving CAZ/AVI therapy for CRPA infection. The primary outcomes were the 14-day and 30-day mortality.

MicroRNA Let-7 Induces M2 Macrophage Polarization in COPD Emphysema Through the IL-6/STAT3 Pathway.

Background: M2 polarized macrophages are involved in the occurrence and development of emphysema in COPD patients. However, the molecular mechanism of M2 macrophage polarization is still unclear. This study investigated the molecular mechanism of let-7 differentially expressed in bronchial epithelial cells of COPD patients participating in COPD emphysema by regulating the expression of IL-6 and inducing M2 polarization of alveolar macrophages (AM).

Higher glucose fluctuation is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease: Insights from pooled results among patients with diabetes.

Background: The relationship between glucose fluctuation and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with diabetes remains elusive. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) variability is a key parameter of glucose fluctuation.

Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase were searched up to 1 July 2022.