Single-cell sequencing revealed the necessity of macrophages in brain microenvironment remodeling by breast cancer metastasis.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, 30-50 % of patients with advanced breast cancer develop brain metastasis, causing severe damage to their life quality. Due to the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), brain lesions were recognized to be a unique microenvironment with limited infiltration of circulating immune cells and drugs. However, emerging studies reported the immunology of the brain tumor microenvironment (TME) and indicated the potential of immunotherapy against brain metastases.

Overexpressed CD73 attenuates GSDMD-mediated astrocyte pyroptosis induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through the A2B/NF-κB pathway.

Ischemic stroke, resulting from the blockage or narrowing of cerebral vessels, causes brain tissue damage due to ischemia and hypoxia. Although reperfusion therapy is essential to restore blood flow, it may also result in reperfusion injury, causing secondary damage through mechanisms like oxidative stress, inflammation, and excitotoxicity. These effects significantly impact astrocytes, neurons, and endothelial cells, aggravating brain injury and disrupting the blood-brain barrier.

Short-term and long-term outcomes of lung transplantation from marginal donors: a single-center retrospective study.

Background: To expand the donor pool, medical centers worldwide are applying marginal donor lungs in clinical settings. We carried out this research to reveal the short-term and long-term outcomes of marginal lung donor transplantation.

Methods: We performed retrospective research using data from patients who underwent lung transplantation (LT) in The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, China, between 2018 and 2022 to compare the short-term and long-term outcomes of standard donors and marginal donors.

MOTS-c mimics remote ischemic preconditioning in protecting against lung ischemia-reperfusion injury by alleviating endothelial barrier dysfunction.

Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) induces the expression of unidentified protective cytokines that mitigate lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI). This study hypothesizes that MOTS-c, a mitokine with potent protective effects against mitochondrial damage, contributes to RIPC-mediated protection by alleviating endothelial barrier dysfunction. In human lung transplantation patients, serum levels of MOTS-c significantly decreased following IR injury but were markedly increased when RIPC was performed prior to transplantation.

Intratumoral Collagen Deposition Supports Angiogenesis Suggesting Anti-angiogenic Therapy in Armored and Cold Tumors.

A previous study classifies solid tumors based on collagen deposition and immune infiltration abundance, identifying a refractory subtype termed armored & cold tumors, characterized by elevated collagen deposition and diminished immune infiltration. Beyond its impact on immune infiltration, collagen deposition also influences tumor angiogenesis. This study systematically analyzes the association between immuno-collagenic subtypes and angiogenesis across diverse cancer types.

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Is Associated With Type 1 Diabetes: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: The pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains unclear; previous studies revealed the underlying connection between IPF and diabetes, but there is no consensual opinion. This study is aimed at examining the association between Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and IPF using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Method: In our two-sample MR study, we selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are strongly associated with T1D in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) from IEU (dataset: ebi-a-GCST005536) and obtained their corresponding effect estimates on T1D risk in an IPF GWAS from IEU (dataset: finn-b-IPF).

The association between neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and gallstones: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Several studies have discussed the relationship between cholesterol and gallstones, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) as a representative of this has been addressed in various diseases. The metric neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) derived from HDL-C has attracted much attention. The purpose of this article is to examine the relationship between NHR and gallstones in a population of American adults.

Relationship between imaging changes of the pancreas and islet beta-cell function.

Imaging changes in the pancreas can provide valuable information about the status of islet beta-cell function in different pancreatic diseases, such as diabetes, pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, fatty pancreas, and insulinoma. While imaging cannot directly measure beta-cell function; it can be used as a marker of disease progression and a tool to guide therapeutic interventions. As imaging technologies continue to advance, they will likely play an increasingly important role in diagnosing, monitoring, and managing diabetes.

Machine Learning for Predicting Primary Graft Dysfunction After Lung Transplantation: An Interpretable Model Study.

Background: Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) develops within 72 h after lung transplantation (Lung Tx) and greatly influences patients' prognosis. This study aimed to establish an accurate machine learning (ML) model for predicting grade 3 PGD (PGD3) after Lung Tx.

Methods: This retrospective study incorporated 802 patients receiving Lung Tx between July 2018 and October 2023 (640 in the derivation cohort and 162 in the external validation cohort), and 640 patients were randomly assigned to training and internal validation cohorts in a 7:3 ratio.

Distinct molecular properties and functions of small EV subpopulations isolated from human umbilical cord MSCs using tangential flow filtration combined with size exclusion chromatography.

As functional derivatives of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have garnered significant attention and application in regenerative medicine. However, the technical limitations for large-scale isolation of sEVs and their heterogeneous nature have added complexity to their applications. It remains unclear if the heterogeneous sEVs represent different aspects of MSCs functions.

Prognostic Value of Tumor Regression Grade Combined with Pathological Lymph Node Status in Initially Node-Positive Rectal Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy.

Background: The prognostic value of tumor regression grade (TRG) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer is inconsistent in the literature. Both TRG and post-therapy lymph node (ypN) status could reflect the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy. Here, we explored whether TRG combined with ypN status could be a prognostic factor for MRI-based lymph node-positive (cN+) rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Relationship Between Adenoma Detection Rate and Respective Withdrawal Time in Different Colon Segments: A Retrospective, Single-Center Study.

Background And Aims: The 6-min withdrawal time for colonoscopy is widely considered the standard of care. However, there may not be appropriate if the 6-min is equally divided into various colon segments. Since the adenoma detection in each colon segment is not the same, there may be differences with the withdrawal time in different colon segments.

Establishment of Time-Resolved Fluorescence Immunoassay for Thyrotropin Receptor Antibodies and Clinical Application.

Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb) is a specific marker for Graves' disease (GD) and the measurement of which can improve the accuracy of GD diagnosis. Current detection methods utilize porcine-derived polyclonal-TRAb, which is unstable and is a source of significant inter-assay variability. This study aims to establish a time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA) method based on stable source of recombinant human TSHR and TRAb for the detection of serum TRAb.

Cromolyn sodium reduces LPS-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the EMT process enhanced by MC-derived IL-13.

Background: Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response caused by infection. When this inflammatory response spreads to the lungs, it can lead to acute lung injury (ALI) or more severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Pulmonary fibrosis is a potential complication of these conditions, and the early occurrence of pulmonary fibrosis is associated with a higher mortality rate.

Microbial perspective of multidisciplinary collaborative weight management approach: may serve as a key target for weight loss.

Changes in the gut microbiota are associated with obesity and may influence weight loss. We are currently implementing a sustained multidisciplinary collaborative weight management (MCWM) approach to weight loss. We report significant improvements in participant health status after 6 months, along with alterations in the structure, interactions, and metabolic functions of the microbiota.

The Effect of Health Education Based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model on the Psychological State of the Spouses of Primiparous Women During the Puerperium and on Maternal Breastfeeding.

Background: Based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED (Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Causes in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation-Policy, Regulatory, and Organizational Constructs in Educational and Environmental Development) model (PPM), we investigated the psychological status of the spouses of primiparous women to implement a health education program.

Methods: The study retrospectively analyzed 310 spouses of primigravid women who gave birth from March 2022 to March 2024. 154 spouses received regular education, and 156 spouses aslo received health education of PPM.

Infiltrating plasma cells maintain glioblastoma stem cells through IgG-Tumor binding.

Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive primary brain tumor with glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) enforcing the intra-tumoral hierarchy. Plasma cells (PCs) are critical effectors of the B-lineage immune system, but their roles in glioblastoma remain largely unexplored. Here, we leverage single-cell RNA and B cell receptor sequencing of tumor-infiltrating B-lineage cells and reveal that PCs are aberrantly enriched in the glioblastoma-infiltrating B-lineage population, experience low level of somatic hypermutation, and are associated with poor prognosis.

A transformer-based deep learning survival prediction model and an explainable XGBoost anti-PD-1/PD-L1 outcome prediction model based on the cGAS-STING-centered pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Recent studies suggest cGAS-STING pathway may play a crucial role in the genesis and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), closely associated with classical pathways and tumor immunity. We aimed to develop models predicting survival and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 outcomes centered on the cGAS-STING pathway in HCC. We identified classical pathways highly correlated with cGAS-STING pathway and constructed transformer survival model preserving raw structure of pathways.

Integrated network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and experiment analysis to decipher the molecular mechanism of Salidroside on Gastric cancer via targeting NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly aggressive and heterogeneous malignancy. The process of ferroptosis regulates tumor growth and represents a promising therapeutic target for GCs. Despite Salidroside (Sal) being able to regulate ferroptosis in a variety of diseases, there are still limited reports on its therapeutic effects and potential targets in treating GC.

Conference 2024: Building an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health.

The Conference 2024 provides a platform to promote the development of an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health. The four key components - Technology, Research (Biology), Academic journals, and Social media - form a synergistic ecosystem. Advanced technologies drive biological research, which generates novel insights that are disseminated through academic journals.

DJ-1 as a Novel Therapeutic Target for Mitigating Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains one of the most prominent causes of mortality and morbidity globally, and the risk of ischemia-reperfusion injury is becoming more severe and constant. This underscores the need to develop new methods to protect the heart from damage. DJ-1 is a multifunctional intracellular protein encoded by the gene that plays roles in processes including the control of autophagy, the preservation of mitochondrial integrity, the prevention of apoptosis, and the elimination of oxidative stress.

FADS1 inhibition protects retinal pigment epithelium cells from ferroptosis in age related macular degeneration.

Purpose: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss among the elderly individuals. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) ferroptosis is a significant pathogenetic component in AMD. This study aims to elucidate the role and mechanisms of fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) in ferroptosis as well as AMD progression.

A two-sample Mendelian randomization study reveals the causal effects of statin medication on gut microbiota abundance in the European population.

Background: Observational studies have reported changes in gut microbiota abundance caused by long-term statin medication therapy. However, the causal relation between statin medication and gut microbiota subsets based on genetic variants remains unclear.

Methods: We used genome-wide association study (GWAS) data on statin medication from the FinnGen database and gut microbiota abundance GWAS data from the IEU OpenGWAS project.