Atomically dispersed dinuclear iridium active sites for efficient and stable electrocatalytic chlorine evolution reaction.

The electrochemical chlorine evolution reaction (CER) is a critical anode reaction in chlor-alkali electrolysis. Although precious metal-based mixed metal oxides (MMOs) have long been used as CER catalysts, they suffer from high cost and poor selectivity due to the competing oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Single-atom catalysts (SACs), featuring high atom utilization efficiency, have captured widespread interest in diverse applications.

Synergy of strength-ductility in HfMoTaTiZr refractory high entropy alloy through Cr addition.

Concurrent strength-ductility improvement of HfMoTaTiZr is achieved Cr addition and the underlying strengthening mechanism was discussed. 4.2 at% Cr addition into HfMoTaTiZr led to the formation of a Laves phase, in addition to the BCC phase.

Fluorapatite nanorod arrays with enamel-like bundle structure regulated by iron ions.

Pigmented rodent tooth enamel is mainly composed of parallel hydroxyapatite nanorods and a small amount of organic matrix. These hydroxyapatite nanorods tend to be carbonated and contain traces of iron, fluorine, and magnesium. The pigmented rodent tooth enamel which contains trace iron is stronger and more resistant to acid corrosion than unpigmented rodent enamel, which could provide inspiration for the preparation and synthesis of high performance and corrosion resistant artificial materials.

Surface polarization-induced emission and stability enhancement of CsPbX nanocrystals.

Recently, the polarization effect has been receiving tremendous attention, as it can result in improved stability and charge transfer efficiency of metal-halide perovskites (MHPs). However, realizing the polarization effect on CsPbX NCs still remains a challenge. Here, metal ions with small radii (such as Mg, Li, Ni, ) are introduced on the surface of CsPbX NCs, which facilitate the arising of electric dipole and surface polarization.

Tristate ferroelectric memory effect attained by tailoring the ferroelectric behavior in Bi(NaK)TiO with Eu doping.

The ferroelectric behavior of Bi(NaK)TiO has been tailored by Eu doping and the intermediate relaxor state is utilized for tristate ferroelectric memory effect. As Eu content increases, the local structural disorder tends to get enhanced and the stability of ferroelectric order gets weakened. The disruption effect of Eu is manifested structurally in XRD and PL spectra, and electrically in the ferroelectric, dielectric and piezoelectric properties.

Evolution and fabrication of carbon dot-based room temperature phosphorescence materials.

Traditional room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials usually include organometallic composites and pure organic compounds, which generally possess the disadvantages of high toxicity, high cost and complicated preparation. Carbon dots (CDs) are a new kind of luminescent material and have attracted widespread attention due to their benefits of excellent tunable emission, nice biocompatibility, cost-effectiveness, facile preparation and environmental friendliness. Since photoluminescence is an important luminescent property of carbon-based fluorescent nanomaterials, CD-based RTP materials have sparked a new research wave due to the properties of extremely long phosphorescence lifetime, large Stokes shift and high environmental sensitivity.

Fabrication and desired properties of conductive hydrogel dressings for wound healing.

Conductive hydrogels are platforms recognized as constituting promising materials for tissue engineering applications. This is because such conductive hydrogels are characterized by the inherent conductivity properties while retaining favorable biocompatibility and mechanical properties. These conductive hydrogels can be particularly useful in enhancing wound healing since their favorable conductivity can promote the transport of essential ions for wound healing the imposition of a so-called transepithelial potential.

Degradable FeO-based nanocomposite for cascade reaction-enhanced anti-tumor therapy.

Cascade catalytic therapy has been recognized as a promising cancer treatment strategy, which is due in part to the induced tumor apoptosis when converting intratumoral hydrogen peroxide (HO) into highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) based on the Fenton or Fenton-like reactions. Moreover this is driven by the efficient catalysis of glucose oxidization associated with starving therapy. The natural glucose oxidase (GO ), recognized as a "star" enzyme catalyst involved in cancer treatment, can specially and efficiently catalyze the glucose oxidization into gluconic acid and HO.

Tumor identification portable Raman detection of sialic acid with a dual gold nanoprobe system.

A dual gold nanoprobe system was designed for portable Raman detection of sialic acid (SA) for tumor identification. The dual gold nanoprobe system contained two gold nanoprobes, Au10-DTTC/PEG-PBA and Au40-PEG-SA. Au10-DTTC/PEG-PBA was constructed on a 10 nm gold nanoparticle modified with 3,3'-diethylthia tricarbocyanine iodide (DTTCI) as the Raman reporter and 3-aminophenylboronic acid (APBA) through a thiol PEG succinimidyl carboxymethyl ester (HS-PEG-NHS) linker for specific recognition of SA.

Synthesis and characterization of rod-like amino acids/nanohydroxyapatite composites to inhibit osteosarcoma.

In this study, rod-like hydroxyapatite (HA) with uniform morphology and controllable particle size modified by doping with two different amino acids (alanine and threonine) was synthesized by a microwave hydrothermal method. The physical and chemical properties of the composites were tested by utilizing X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), general thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM and XRD results show that the presence of amino acids (especially threonine) can significantly reduce the aspect ratio and crystallinity of hydroxyapatite.

Preparation of ecofriendly water-borne polyurethane elastomer with mechanical robustness and self-healable ability based on multi-dynamic interactions.

Self-healing materials have attracted widespread attention owing to their capacity to extend the lifetime of materials and improve resource utilization. However, achieving superior mechanical performance and high self-healable capability simultaneously under moderate conditions remains a long-standing challenge. Integrating multiple dynamic interactions in waterborne polyurethane (WPU) systems can overcome the above-mentioned issue.

Advances in wearable textile-based micro energy storage devices: structuring, application and perspective.

The continuous expansion of smart microelectronics has put forward higher requirements for energy conversion, mechanical performance, and biocompatibility of micro-energy storage devices (MESDs). Unique porosity, superior flexibility and comfortable breathability make the textile-based structure a great potential in wearable MESDs. Herein, a timely and comprehensive review of this field is provided according to recent research advances.

Nature-inspired preparation of self-adhesive, frost-resistant, and ion-conductive hydrogels for flexible strain sensors.

A nature-inspired strategy has been developed to prepare polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/catechol-modified quaternized chitosan (QCS-C)/MXene hydrogels with good self-adhesion, frost-resistance, and high ion-conductivity. The PVA/QCS-C/MXene hydrogel shows an ionic conductivity of 8.82 S m and a gauge factor of 33.

Attenuation of the Bauschinger effect and enhancement of tension-compression asymmetry in single crystal aluminum by temperature.

Temperature has a great influence on the mechanical properties of nano-materials. The molecular dynamics method was used to study the effect of temperature on the tension-compression asymmetry and Bauschinger effect of nano single crystal aluminum (NSCA). The strain-hardening behavior of NSCA in the tensile plastic stage is significantly enhanced when the temperature is higher than 400 K.

Positional isomeric effect of monobrominated ending groups within small molecule acceptors on photovoltaic performance.

As an ending acceptor unit (A) within acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A)-type small molecule acceptors (SMAs), monobrominated 1,1-dicyanomethylene-3-indanone (IC-Br) plays a critical role on developing high-performance SMAs and polymer acceptors from polymerizing SMAs. IC-Br is usually a mixture (IC-Br-m) consisting of positional isomeric IC-Br-γ and IC-Br-δ (bromine substituted on the γ and δ positions, respectively). The positional isomeric effect of these monobrominated ending groups has been witnessed to take an important role on regulating the photovoltaic performance.

Bandgap adjustment assisted preparation of >18% Cs FA PbI Br -based perovskite solar cells using a hybrid spraying process.

The preparation of Cs FA PbI Br -based perovskite by ultrasonic spraying has valuable application in the preparation of tandem solar cells on textured substrates due to its excellent stability and the advantages of large-area uniform preparation from the spraying technology. However, the bandgap of perovskite prepared by spraying method is difficult to adjust, and perovskites with a wide bandgap have the issue of phase instability. Here, we improved the crystallinity of the perovskite by simply controlling the post-annealing temperature.

Preparation of carbon nanofibrous mats encapsulating zero-valent Fe nanoparticles as Fe reservoir for removal of organic pollutants.

Zero-valent iron nanoparticles (ZVI NPs) display promising potential in the removal of organic pollutants and heavy metal ions for environmental remediation. However, it is crucial to prevent the oxidation of ZVI NP and control the release of Fe ions under storage and working conditions. In this study, ZVI NPs are encapsulated in single-axial and co-axial carbon nanofibers by electrospinning polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/Fe nanofibrous mats with different structures and then annealing the PAN nanofibrous mats in reduction atmosphere.

Temperature-responsive iron nanozymes based on poly(-vinylcaprolactam) with multi-enzyme activity.

Iron (Fe)-based nanozymes are widely applied in the biomedical field due to their enzyme-like catalytic activity. Herein, Fe(ii)-based coordination polymer nanohydrogels (FeCPNGs) have been conveniently prepared as a new type of nanozyme by the chelation reaction between ferrous iron and polymer nanohydrogels. The P(VCL--NMAM) nanohydrogels prepared by a reflux precipitation polymerization method using -vinylcaprolactam (VCL) and -methylol acrylamide (NMAM) as monomers and ,-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker were esterified using PO and then chelated with Fe(ii) ions to form nanozymes with peroxidase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity.

NiFe LDH/CuO nanosheet: a sheet-on-sheet strategy to boost the active site density towards oxygen evolution reaction.

The amount of active sites of a catalyst is of great importance to enhance the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity. Here, the sheet-on-sheet strategy is proposed to effectively increase the density of active sites of NiFe layered double hydroxide (NiFe LDH) catalyst in terms of structural engineering. As a non-precious electrocatalyst for the OER, NiFe LDH is grown directly on CuO nanosheets.

Coordination environment evolution of Co(ii) during dehydration and re-crystallization processes of KCoPO·HO towards enhanced electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction.

Development of efficient and stable electrodes for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential for energy storage and conversion applications, such as hydrogen generation from water splitting, rechargeable metal-air batteries and renewable fuel cells. Alkali metal cobalt phosphates show great potential as OER electrocatalysts. Herein, an original electrode design strategy is reported to realize an efficient OER electrocatalyst through engineering the coordination geometry of Co(ii) in KCoPO·HO by a facile dehydration process.

Facile one-pot synthesis of sulfonyl fluorides from sulfonates or sulfonic acids.

A facile cascade process for directly transforming the abundant and inexpensive sulfonates (or sulfonic acids) to the highly valuable sulfonyl fluorides was developed. This new protocol features mild reaction conditions using readily available and easy-to-operate reagents. A diverse set of sulfonyl fluorides was prepared facilitating the enrichment of the sulfonyl fluoride library.

Ultranarrow Graphene Nanoribbons toward Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions.

Identification of catalytic sites for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions (ORR/OER) is critical to rationally develop highly efficient bifunctional carbon-based metal-free electrocatalyst. Here, a unique defect-rich N-doped ultranarrow graphene nanoribbon with a high aspect ratio that exhibits excellent ORR/OER bifunctional activities and impressive long-term cycling stability in Zn-air batteries is successfully fabricated. Density functional theory calculations indicates that the topological defects (e.

Exploring the Interactions of Oxygen with Defective ZnO.

Exploring the interactions of oxygen with defective oxide is of importance to understand the microscopic process and performance of ZnO-based oxygen sensors. The interactions of environmental oxygen with vacuum-annealed defective ZnO have been studied by electrical methods, vacuum Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and in situ adsorption experiments. It was found that the vacuum-annealed defective ZnO exhibits varied electrical response at different temperatures, which, by vacuum IR investigation, was ascribed to the subtle balance between formation of oxygen vacancies and their interactions with environmental oxygen.

Mechanical behaviour and microstructural evolution of Ni-based single crystal alloys under shock loading.

Engine turbine blades are subjected to high-temperature and high-speed fragment impacts during use, and the ability of the blades to resist shocks affects their reliability. At present, there are few studies on the ability to withstand shocks of Ni-based single crystal alloys, especially with regards to their mechanical behaviour and microstructural evolution under shock loading. The solutions to the above problems can further help us understand the mechanisms of the mechanical responses and microstructural evolution of Ni-based single crystal alloys under shock loading.

Magnetically targeted co-delivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs with hollow mesoporous ferrite nanoparticles.

A magnetically targeted drug delivery system (DDS) is developed to solve the delivery problem of hydrophobic drugs by using hollow mesoporous ferrite nanoparticles (HMFNs). The HMFNs are synthesized by a one-pot hydrothermal method based on the Ostwald ripening process. The biocompatibility of the synthesized HMFNs was determined by MTT assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage assay and hemolyticity against rabbit red blood cells.