Flexible Fiber Sensors for Real-Time Monitoring of Redox Signaling Molecules in Exercise-Mimicking Engineered Skeletal Muscle.

Real-time monitoring of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) in skeletal muscle provides crucial insights into the cause-and-effect relationships between physical activity and health benefits. However, the dynamic production of exercise-induced RONS remains poorly explored, due to the lack of sensing tools that can conform to soft skeletal muscle while monitor RONS release during exercise. Here we introduce dual flexible sensors via twisting carbon nanotubes into helical bundles of fibers and subsequent assembling electrochemical sensing components.