Exosomal ANXA2 facilitates ovarian cancer peritoneal metastasis by activating peritoneal mesothelial cells through binding with TLR2.

Background: Peritoneal dissemination of ovarian cancer (OvCa) can be largely attributed to the formation of a metastatic microenvironment driven by tumoral exosomes. Here, we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms through which exosomal annexin A2 (ANXA2) derived from OvCa cells induces an HPMC phenotypic shift in favour of peritoneal metastasis.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry and orthotopic and intraperitoneal OvCa xenograft mouse models were used to clarify the relationship between tumour ANXA2 expression and peritoneal metastasis.

Identification of AXL as a novel positive regulator of lipid raft in gastric cancer.

Lipid rafts are highly heterogeneous and dynamic microdomains involved in molecule trafficking and signaling transduction. This study investigates the role of lipid rafts in gastric cancer and their key regulators. Analyzing FFPE samples from 111 gastric cancer patients, we found that high lipid raft levels predict poor prognosis.

METTL3-mediated m6A modifications of NLRP3 accelerate alveolar bone resorption through enhancing macrophage pyroptosis.

Periodontitis (PD) is twice as prevalent in diabetics compared to nondiabetics, and diabetes-associated PD is characterized by increased inflammation and aggravated tissue damage. Pyroptosis has recently been implicated in diabetes-associated PD; however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown, resulting in a lack of effective treatments. In this study, we investigated the role of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) in macrophage pyroptosis and found that it inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts via pyroptotic macrophages in a diabetes-associated periodontitis mouse model.

Unveiling relationships of human instinctive behaviors and blood pressure in Chinese adults: A network analysis.

Objectives: Human behaviors and blood pressure (BP) are closely intertwined, affecting health. However, few studies have demonstrated their complex relationships. Using network analysis, we aimed to untangle the intricate and potential causal relationships between BP and human instinctive behaviors, identifying potential action points for hypertension prevention and control.

The adaptation mechanism of desert soil cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis sp. to desiccation.

Desiccation is a common stress for organisms living in desert soil. Chroococcidiopsis sp. is the dominant species in the soil microbial community of desert regions.

Olfactory bulb microglia activation mediates neuronal pyroptosis in ozone-exposed mice with olfactory and cognitive dysfunction.

In recent years, there has been a notable increase in the concentration of air pollutants in the troposphere, especially ozone. However, limited research has gone beyond examining histopathological alterations in the olfactory bulb (OB) to explore the effects of ozone exposure on olfactory and cognitive functions. In our study, we exposed nine-month-old C57BL/6 mice to ozone at a concentration of 1.

Exploring scanning electrochemical probe microscopy in single-entity analysis in biology: Past, present, and future.

Scanning Electrochemical Probe Microscopy (SEPM) shows significant potential promise for analyzing localized electrochemical activity at biological interfaces of single entities. Utilizing various SEPM probe manipulations allows real-time monitoring of the morphology and physiological activities of single biological entities, offering vital electrochemical insights into biological processes. This review focuses on the application of five SEPM techniques in imaging single biological entities, highlighting their unique advantages in the observation and quantitative evaluation of biological morphology.

Innovative approaches in the discovery of terpenoid natural products.

As a class of natural compounds ubiquitous in nature, diverse terpenoids exhibit a broad spectrum of applications in human endeavors. The efficient discovery of novel terpenoids and the establishment of a terpene library for broad utilization represent pressing challenges in terpenoid natural product research. Various microbial platforms offer abundant precursors for terpene biosynthesis from diverse sources.

From bench to bedside: cutting-edge applications of base editing and prime editing in precision medicine.

CRISPR-based gene editing technology theoretically allows for precise manipulation of any genetic target within living cells, achieving the desired sequence modifications. This revolutionary advancement has fundamentally transformed the field of biomedicine, offering immense clinical potential for treating and correcting genetic disorders. In the treatment of most genetic diseases, precise genome editing that avoids the generation of mixed editing byproducts is considered the ideal approach.

Effectiveness of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training, and resistance and aerobic exercise for cardiovascular health in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HIRAC-COPD): a randomized controlled trial protocol.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are among the most common and clinically significant comorbidities of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Exercise has been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, and high-intensity inspiratory muscle training (H-IMT) has emerged as a promising intervention for improving arterial stiffness in individuals with COPD. Yet, there is limited evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the impact of H-IMT alone or in combination with exercise on reducing arterial stiffness in COPD.

The asymptomatic tuberculosis proportion among the elderly population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The elderly population is a high-risk group for tuberculosis, and increasing evidence demonstrates a comparatively high proportion of asymptomatic tuberculosis in this group. This study aimed to determine the proportion of asymptomatic tuberculosis among patients with active tuberculosis through active case finding in the elderly population.

Materials And Methods: We searched for relevant articles published from the establishment of each database to December 31, 2023 in Web of Science, PubMed, VIP database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang database.

Monoexponential, biexponential, stretched exponential and diffusion kurtosis models of diffusion-weighted imaging: a quantitative differentiation of solitary pulmonary lesion.

Background: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can be used for quantitative tumor assessment. DWI with different models may show different aspects of tissue characteristics.

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic performance of parameters derived from monoexponential, biexponential, stretched exponential magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in differentiating benign from malignant solitary pulmonary lesions (SPLs).

CGREF1 modulates osteosarcoma proliferation by regulating the cell cycle through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Background: Osteosarcoma, the most prevalent primary bone malignancy in children and adolescents, exhibits high heterogeneity. The CGREF1 gene encodes a novel 301 amino acid classical secreted protein that contains the presumed N-terminal signaling peptide and EF hand motif. However, its role in osteosarcoma remains unclear.

Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2: a central player in pancreatic disease pathophysiology.

Pancreatic diseases pose considerable health challenges due to their complex etiology and limited therapeutic options. Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), highly expressed in pancreatic tissue, participates in numerous physiological processes and signaling pathways, indicating its potential relevance in these diseases. Despite this, UCP2's role in acute pancreatitis (AP) remains underexplored, and its functions in chronic pancreatitis (CP) and pancreatic steatosis are largely unknown.

Near-infrared light-enhanced polydopamine-based multifunctional nanoparticles for combination of chemodynamic and NO gas therapy in the treatment of osteosarcoma.

The emergence of treatment approaches that integrate conventional phototherapy with additional adjuvant treatments has garnered considerable interest. In this study, we proposed a complex utilizing Fe and polydopamine as a carrier, co-loaded with the nitric oxide initiator L-arginine (L-Arg) and the photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG), as a potential strategy for the "photothermal/photodynamic/Chemodynamic/nitric oxide gas therapy" of osteosarcoma. Nanoparticles have the ability to undergo degradation within the mildly acidic conditions present in the tumor microenvironment.

LncRNA FIRRE drives gastric cancer progression via ZFP64-mediated TUBB3 promoter activation.

Gastric cancer is a common global malignancy that requires detailed study of its development mechanisms. Although LncRNA FIRRE is known to play a crucial role in the progression and treatment resistance of several cancers, its effect on gastric cancer is not well understood. This study confirms the impact of FIRRE on the malignant behavior of gastric cancer.

Molecular imaging-guided diagnosis and treatment integration for brain diseases.

In practical clinical scenarios, improved diagnostic methods have been developed for the precise visualization of molecular targets using molecular imaging in brain diseases. Recently, the introduction of innovative molecular imaging modalities across both macroscopic and mesoscopic dimensions, with remarkable specificity and spatial resolution, has expanded the scope of applications beyond diagnostic testing, with the potential to guide therapeutic interventions, offering real-time feedback in the context of brain therapy. The molecular imaging-guided integration of diagnosis and treatment holds the potential to revolutionize disease management by enabling the real-time monitoring of treatment responses and therapy adjustments.

A bacterial methyltransferase that initiates biotin synthesis, an attractive anti-ESKAPE druggable pathway.

The covalently attached cofactor biotin plays pivotal roles in central metabolism. The top-priority ESKAPE-type pathogens, and , constitute a public health challenge of global concern. Despite the fact that the late step of biotin synthesis is a validated anti-ESKAPE drug target, the primary stage remains fragmentarily understood.

Status of macromolecular crystallography beamlines at SSRF.

Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) is a third-generation 3.5 GeV synchrotron facility located on the Chinese mainland, operational for user applications since 2009. With the completion of its Phase II project this year, SSRF now supports over 40 experimental stations across various research fields.

Causal associations of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease with gestational hypertension and preeclampsia: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs), which include gestational hypertension (GH) and preeclampsia (PE), are the primary causes of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent studies have found a correlation between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and HDPs, but the causality of this association remains to be identified. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the causal relationship between MASLD and HDPs through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Macrophage Ferroptotic Resistance Is Required for the Progression of Infantile Hemangioma.

Background: Ferroptosis is a programmed cell death caused by iron-dependent accumulation and cellular lipid peroxides, which is different from apoptosis and pyroptosis. This study investigated the possible effect of ferroptotic response in the pathogenesis of infantile hemangioma (IH).

Methods And Results: The staining level of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), the marker of ferroptotic cells, was significantly increased in the involutive IH samples compared with the proliferative samples (9 proliferative versus 12 involutive lesions, =0.

The Impact of Psychological Resilience on Fear of Pain and Activity Recovery in Post-Surgical Patients: An Observational Cohort Study.

Background: Fear of pain (FOP) and fear avoidance belief (FAB), play a crucial role in the occurrence and development of chronic pain. However, the dynamics of these factors in post-surgical pain appear to differ, with FOP often learned from others rather than directly caused by painful experiences. Psychological resilience refers to an individual's capacity to adapt effectively to adversity, challenges, and threats, and may play a significant role in overcoming FOP and avoidance behavior.

Elevated thyroid autoantibodies as risk factors for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: This study aims to explore the relationship between thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) levels and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), providing a theoretical basis for MAFLD prevention and treatment.

Methods: From June 2020 to May 2023, 534 T2DM patients were selected from the Endocrinology Department of Xiangyang Hospital affiliated with Wuhan University of Science and Technology. After applying exclusion criteria, 432 subjects were included.

Decoupling the Effects of Interface Chemical Degradation and Mechanical Cracking in Solid-State Batteries with Silicon Electrode.

Silicon is a promising negative electrode material for solid-state batteries (SSBs) due to its high specific capacity and ability to prevent lithium dendrite formation. However, SSBs with silicon electrodes currently suffer from poor cycling stability, despite chemical engineering efforts. This study investigates the cycling failure mechanism of composite Si/LiPSCl electrodes by decoupling the effects of interface chemical degradation and mechanical cracking.