Experimental study on the drag reduction performance of sodium alginate in saline solutions.

Since the discovery of the turbulence drag reduction phenomenon over 70 years ago, it has been recognized that the addition of small quantities of drag-reducing agents to fluids can significantly decrease wall shear stress, thereby enhancing fluid pumpability. In many applications, the fluids often contain salts, such as those used in fracturing processes within the petroleum sector. The aim of this study is to experimentally investigate the effects of salinity, flow rate, and polymer concentration on the drag reduction performance of sodium alginate in circular pipes.

[Using Hybrid Modeling to Examine the Input Flux of Phosphorus and Its Reduction in the Terrestrial Area of Dongting Lake Area].

The study of terrestrial phosphorus inflow （hereafter referred to as phosphorus inflow） fluxes is essential for controlling non-point source （NPS） pollution. The SWAT model was successfully used to simulate phosphorus inflow fluxes in the Dongting Lake area, while a hybrid model （LSTM and SWAT） was developed and validated for predicting the reduction in phosphorus inflow fluxes among rivers based on three typical reduction scenarios： agricultural control, livestock and poultry reduction, and soil and water conservation measures. The results showed that the inflow flux of TP was 3.

Salinity stress and recovery of the algal-bacterial granular sludge (ABGS) system under the influence of different N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs).

The algal-bacterial granular sludge (ABGS) system was established to explore the effect of 1% salinity condition, determine the recovery process following salinity disturbance, and probe the impacts of two N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) on the system. Exposure to 1% salinity led to the reduction of filaments and an increase in TB-EPS contents within the ABGS system. The phosphorus removal performance of the ABGS system severely decreased at 1% salinity and did not restore fully during the subsequent recovery stage, demonstrating that salinity stress induced long-term inhibition.

Effects of Multiple Factors on the Compressive Strength of Porous Ceramsite Prepared from Secondary Aluminum Dross.

Aluminum is one of the most in-demand nonferrous metals in the world. The secondary aluminum dross (SAD) produced during aluminum smelting is a type of solid waste that urgently requires disposal. SAD, municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, and bottom slag were used as raw materials to prepare porous ceramsite in a laboratory in this study.

Probe on the pivotal role of green rust in improving the enzymatic activity and facilitating the formation of O in Fenton-like process for degradation of 4-chlorophenol.

Iron-based materials have demonstrated significant efficacy in catalyzing hydrogen peroxide (HO) for the removal of antibiotics from aquatic environments. Green rust (GR), a hybrid valence state iron-based catalyst, was synthesized. By exploiting the catalytic properties of glucose oxidase (GOx) to generate HO from glucose (Glu), a GR-GOx/Glu system for the removal of recalcitrant organic compound 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) was constructed.

A new strategy for greenhouse gas emission reduction in the anaerobic/anoxic/oxic biological treatment process using exogenous N-acyl-homoserine lactones, a quorum-sensing signaling molecules.

In this study, the impact of exogenous N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A/A/O) systems was analyzed by manipulating the type and dosage of AHLs. The mechanism behind AHLs' effects on GHG emissions was explored through changes in microbial community structure. Findings revealed that N-octanoyl-homoserine lactone (C8-HSL) and high-dose N-dodecanoyl-homoserine lactone (C12-HSL) increased GHG emissions, while low-dose C12-HSL decreased them.

State-of-the-Art Review of Microcapsule Self-Repairing Concrete: Principles, Applications, Test Methods, Prospects.

Cement-based materials are widely used in construction worldwide, but they are vulnerable to environmental stressors and thermal fluctuations, leading to the formation of internal cracks that compromise structural integrity and durability. Traditional repair methods such as surface coatings, grouting, and groove filling are often costly and labor-intensive. In response, self-repairing technologies for cement-based materials have emerged as an innovative and promising solution, offering the potential to significantly extend the lifespan of structures and reduce maintenance costs.

Reproductive Toxicity and Multi/Transgenerational Effects of Emerging Pollutants on .

Emerging pollutants (EPs) are receiving increasing attention due to the threats they pose to the environment and human health. As EPs continue to emerge, risk assessment requires many model animals. () has been an outstanding toxicological model organism due to its growth and development characteristics.

Polar Molecule Intercalation to Weaken P─S Bonding in MnPS Toward Ultrahigh-Capacity Sodium Storage.

Layered transition metal trithiophosphates (TMPS, TM = Mn, Fe, Co, etc.) with high theoretical capacity (>1 300 mAh g) are potential anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, the strong bonding between P dimers and S atoms in TMPS hinders the efficient alloying reaction between P dimers and Na, resulting in practical capacities much lower than theoretical values.

Strategic carbon emission assessment in sludge treatment: A dynamic tool for low-carbon transformation.

The carbon-neutral target presents a significant challenge for the sewage sludge treatment and disposal (SSTD) industry, necessitating strategic planning for a low-carbon transition. However, flexible and comprehensive carbon emission analysis tools to support this goal remain lacking. This study presents a carbon emission analysis tool to evaluate the carbon emission characteristics and future mitigation potentials of SSTD.

Experimental Research on the Performance of Recycled Waste Concrete Powder (RWCP) on Concrete.

Waste concrete is a large amount of solid waste produced in the process of urban construction and renewal in China. Its resource utilization is of great significance for saving mineral resources and improving urban environmental quality. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of mechanical grinding time on the particle size distribution and activity of recycled waste concrete powder (RWCP).

Understanding molecular-level reactions between permanganate/ferrate and dissolved effluent organic matter from municipal secondary effluent.

Permanganate (Mn(VII)) and ferrate ((Fe(VI)) oxidations are well-recognized as advanced treatment processes to degrade organic components detected in secondary effluents from municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). However, Mn(VII) or Fe(VI) reactions are sensitive to the water matrix components, especially the dissolved effluent organic matter (EfOM) contained in secondary effluent. Here, we found that Mn(VII) or Fe(VI) hardly mineralize EfOM, but do change its molecular-level composition.

Coordinating public and government responses to air pollution exposure: A multi-source data fusion approach.

Aligning public demand with government supply of clean air aids in efficient air pollution control and enhancement of public happiness. However, comparative empirical analyses of public and government attention to air quality changes are still sparse due to data and methodological constraints. Here, we adopt multi-source data fusion approaches to assess the impacts of air pollution exposure on public and government attention.

Correlation between sewage sludge pore structure evolution and water filtration performance: Effect of thermal hydrolysis with or without carbonaceous skeleton-assisted.

Municipal sewage sludge contains a high water content and strong hydrophilicity, making mechanical dewatering a critical step in sludge treatment and disposal. To clarify the collapse of filtration channels within the sludge cake under high pressure and to develop more precise targeted conditioning methods, this study focused on the direct correlation between pore structure evolution and sludge dewatering performance. A self-designed online system was used to compare the dewatering processes of raw sludge, thermal hydrolyzed (TH) sludge, and carbonaceous skeleton-assisted thermal hydrolyzed (CSkel-TH) sludge.

Nanoconfinement of MgO in nitrogen pre-doped biochar for enhanced phosphate adsorption: Performance and mechanism.

Advanced metal-doped biochar with superior phosphate (P) adsorption capacity plays a crucial role in combating eutrophication, depending on the rational design of the biochar structure for uniform and nanoscale dispersion of metal oxides. Herein, the nanoconfinement of magnesium oxide (MgO) was successfully attained in nitrogen pre-doped biochar (Mg/N-BC). The well-dispersed MgO was confined within nanoscale structure of Mg/N-BC, delivering P adsorption capacity of 108.

Immunomodulatory Hydrogel for Electrostatically Capturing Pro-inflammatory Factors and Chemically Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species in Chronic Diabetic Wound Remodeling.

Diabetic wound exhibits the complex characteristics involving continuous oxidative stress and excessive expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines to cause a long-term inflammatory microenvironment. The repair healing of chronic diabetic wounding is tremendously hindered due to persistent inflammatory reaction. To address the aforementioned issues, here, a dual-functional hydrogel is designed, consisting of N1-(4-boronobenzyl)-N3-(4-boronophenyl)-N1, N1, N3, N3-tetramethylpropane-1, 3-diaminium (TSPBA) modified polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and methacrylamide carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCSMA) can not only electrostatically adsorb proinflammatory cytokines of IL1-β and TNF-α, but can also chemically scavenge the excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) in situ.

A predictive fuzzy logic and rule-based control approach for practical real-time operation of urban stormwater storage system.

Predictive real-time control (RTC) strategies are usually more effective than reactive strategies for the intelligent management of urban stormwater storage systems. However, it remains a challenge to ensure the practicality of RTC strategies that use accessible, non-idealized predictive information while improving their efficiency for successive rainfall events instead of specific phases. This study developed a predictive fuzzy logic and rule-based control (PFL-RBC) approach to address the continuous control of individual storage systems.

Resilience to climate change by improving air circulation efficiency and pollutant dispersion in cities: A 3D-UFO approach to urban block design.

Urbanization presents significant challenges to air quality and climate resilience, necessitating pioneering urban design solutions to enhance air circulation and mitigate pollutants. This urgency intensifies in densely populated and rapidly evolving regions like Wuhan, China, where effective strategies are crucial for sustainable development. This study introduces an innovative 3D Urban Form Optimization (3D-UFO) methodology aimed at advancing urban block design configurations to improve urbanization quality.