Predictive Laboratory Markers for Gastrointestinal Complications in Children with Henoch-Schönlein Purpura.

Background: Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP) is a common systemic vasculitis in children that often involves the gastrointestinal system (GIS). Identifying reliable predictive markers for GIS complications is crucial for early intervention and improved patient outcomes.

Objective: This study aims to identify laboratory markers predictive of GIS complications in children with HSP using a machine learning approach.

Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter components with obesity in children and adolescents in China: The age-sex disparities and key effect modifiers.

Long-term fine particulate matter (PM) exposure was associated with childhood obesity. However, the key PM components and whether PM effect may vary by obesity type, growth stage, sex, and individual/family characteristics have yet been examined. In this study, we investigated 213,907 Chinese children and adolescents aged 3-18 years in 2017-2019.

Elevated D-dimer on admission may predict poor prognosis in childhood influenza associated encephalopathy.

To determine the risk factors for poor prognosis of influenza-associated encephalopathy (IAE), 56 eligible children with IAE who were treated in the pediatric intensive care unit of Wuhan Children's Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected for retrospective analysis and grouped according to poor prognosis or not, and independent risk factors for poor prognosis were found by regression analysis. Results showed 26 children (26/30, 46.4%) had a poor prognosis.

Detection of inversion with breakpoints in causing MPS VI by whole-genome sequencing: lessons learned and best practices.

Introduction: Mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (MPSVI), an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by pathogenic variants in gene. Usually, whole exome sequencing (WES) can identify these variants, and if WES failed to detect causative variants, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) may be considered to investigate deep intronic variations and structural alterations in patients.

Methods: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS) were performed in a Chinese family having a boy with suspected diagnosis of MPS with macrocephaly, coarse facial features, broad forehead, thick lips, frontal bossing, craniosynostosis, blue spots, frequent upper respiratory infections, inguinal hernia, and dysostosis multiplex.

Radiography may not be accurate in assessing acute ankle sprains in children.

Background: Acute ankle sprains are among the most common injuries in children and are often associated with chondral avulsion fractures and ligament injuries. However, radiography may not be sufficiently accurate for assessing cartilage and ligament injuries in children. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the necessity of radiography in the diagnosis of acute ankle sprains in children.

Effect of different scanning threshold triggers on the image quality of brain computed tomography angiography: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The scanning trigger threshold affects image quality. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different scanning trigger thresholds on brain computed tomography angiography (CTA) image quality.

Methods: In this prospective study, 80 patients undergoing brain CTA examinations with dual-layer CT (DLCT) were randomly divided into group A and group B, with 40 patients in each group.

Rational design of hypochlorous acid-activatable fluorescent probe for diagnostic imaging and therapeutic evaluation in breast cancer recurrence.

The recurrent breast cancer (BC) has elicited significant concern due to its rising recurrence rates and associated mortality. However, there is currently no effective detection method to mitigate the deterioration of BC recurrence. The imbalance of HClO content could lead to oxidative stress in the body, which damaging host tissues.

Endogenous hydrogen sulfide persulfidates endothelin type A receptor to inhibit pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation.

Background: The binding of endothelin-1 (ET-1) to endothelin type A receptor (ETAR) performs a critical action in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation leading to pulmonary vascular structural remodeling. More evidence showed that cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE)-catalyzed endogenous hydrogen sulfide (HS) was involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of endogenous HS/CSE pathway on the ET-1/ETAR binding and its underlying mechanisms in the cellular and animal models of PASMC proliferation.

Rare and common genetic variants underlying the risk of Hirschsprung's disease.

Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is a congenital enteric neuropathic disorder characterized by high heritability (>80%) and polygenic inheritance (>20 genes). The previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified several common variants associated with HSCR and demonstrated increased predictive performance for HSCR risk in Europeans using a genetic risk score, there remains a notable gap in knowledge regarding Chinese populations. We conducted whole exome sequencing in a HSCR case cohort in Chinese.

Genetic and clinical spectrum of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with nuclear pore gene mutation.

Background: Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is insensitive to steroid therapy and overwhelmingly progresses to kidney failure (KF), the known pathogenic genes of which include key subunits of the nuclear pore complex (NPC), a less-recognized contributor to glomerular podocyte injury.

Methods: After analyzing their clinical characterizations and obtaining parental consent, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on patients with SRNS. Several nucleoporin (NUP) biallelic pathogenic variants were identified and further analyzed by cDNA-PCR sequencing from white cells of peripheral blood, minigene assay, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, and electron microscopy (EM) ultrastructure observation of kidney biopsy, as well as multiple in silico prediction tools, including 3D protein modeling.

Reference intervals of inhibin B in Chinese children on chemiluminescence analyzer.

Inhibin B (INHB) is an emerging biomarker of sexual function diseases, but its clinical use in children is hindered due to the lacking reference intervals (RIs) based on age and sex. A total of 622 healthy Chinese children including 48.6% females and 51.

Prediction of Acute Kidney Injury for Critically Ill Cardiogenic Shock Patients with Machine Learning Algorithms.

Background: The aim of this study was to use five machine learning approaches and logistic regression to design and validate the acute kidney injury (AKI) prediction model for critically ill individuals with cardiogenic shock (CS).

Methods: All patients who diagnosed with CS from the MIMIC-IV database, the eICU database, and Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan university were included in this study. Clinical information, including demographics, comorbidities, vital signs, critical illness scores and laboratory tests was retrospectively collected.

Associations between environmental glyphosate exposure and glucose homeostasis indices in US general adults: a national population-based cross-sectional study.

As glyphosate's application becomes increasingly widespread across the globe, its potential adverse effects on humans have garnered growing concerns. Little evidence has revealed the associations between glyphosate and glucose homeostasis. A total of 2094 individuals were recruited from the NHANES 2013-2018.

Development and validation of a nomogram-based prognostic model to predict coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease from 6847 children in China.

Background And Objective: Predicting potential risk factors for the occurrence of coronary artery lesions (CAL) in children with Kawasaki disease (KD) is critical for subsequent treatment. The aim of our study was to establish and validate a nomograph-based model for identifying children with KD at risk for CAL.

Methods: Hospitalized children with KD attending Wuhan Children's Hospital from Jan 2011 to Dec 2023 were included in the study and were grouped into a training set (4793 cases) and a validation set (2054 cases) using a simple random sampling method in a 7:3 ratio.

Ictal EEG of benign convulsion with mild gastroenteritis with in infants and children.

Objective: There are fewer reports on the ictal electroencephalogram(EEG) of convulsions in infants and children with mild gastroenteritis (BCWG). Our study retrospectively analyzed the ictal EEG characteristics of convulsive episodes of BCWG.

Methods: The seizure-phase EEGs of children diagnosed with BCWG from September 2016 to January 2022 were searched and analyzed, and a total of thirteen seizure-phase EEGs of eight cases were analyzed retrospectively.

Effects of kinesio taping on lower limb biomechanical characteristics during dynamic postural control tasks in individuals with chronic ankle instability.

Purpose: Previous studies have demonstrated significant biomechanical differences between individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) and healthy controls during the Y-balance test. This study aimed to examine the effects of kinesio taping (KT) on lower limb biomechanical characteristics during the Y-balance anterior reach task in individuals with CAI.

Methods: A total of 30 participants were recruited, comprising 15 individuals with CAI and 15 healthy controls.

Retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics and treatment differences between severe and non-severe neonatal types of pneumonia with RSV infection.

Understanding the differences between children with severe and non-severe types of neonatal pneumonia is crucial for clinical treatment and disease management. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of infants with neonatal pneumonia diagnosed as respiratory syncytial virus infection at Wuhan Children's Hospital between December 1, 2022 and November 30, 2023. Further, the recruited subjects were categorized into severe and non-severe groups based on the severity score.

Trends in anti-insomnia medication utilization among pediatric patients in nine cities in China: A real-world study (2016-2023).

Objective: To investigate prescription patterns of insomnia medications among Chinese children, assess the current status of drug treatment, and offer data to support the guidance of clinical prescribing practices.

Methods: This study analyzed pediatric prescriptions for insomnia medications from the China Hospital Prescription Analysis Cooperation Project database across nine cities between 2016 and 2023. The analysis focused on demographic characteristics, prescription trends, and frequency of medication use among pediatric insomnia patients.

Identification of markers correlating with mitochondrial function in myocardial infarction by bioinformatics.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI), one of the most serious cardiovascular diseases, is also affected by altered mitochondrial metabolism and immune status, but their crosstalk is poorly understood. In this paper, we use bioinformatics to explore key targets associated with mitochondrial metabolic function in MI.

Methods: The datasets (GSE775, GSE183272 and GSE236374) were from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) in conjunction with mitochondrial gene data that were downloaded from the MitoCarta 3.

Effect analysis of radiofrequency catheter ablation in the treatment of 7 children with atrial tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy.

Background: Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy refers to changes in cardiac structure and function that result from rapid arrhythmia and can manifest as a continuous or recurrent event. Cardiomyopathy induced by atrial tachycardia is typically reversible if the arrhythmia is effectively controlled. There are few literature reports of atrial tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy in children, and fewer cases have been effectively treated by radiofrequency catheter ablation in children.

Association between gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in children with obesity.

The gut microbiome and its metabolites may be important role in regulating the pathogenesis of obesity. This study aimed to characterize the gut microbiome and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolome in obese children. This case-control study recruited children aged 7‒14 years and divided them into a normal group (NG) and an obese group (OG) based on their body mass index.

MYSM1 attenuates osteoarthritis by recruiting PP2A to deubiquitinate and dephosphorylate RIPK2.

Osteoarthritis (OA), the most prevalent degenerative joint disease, is marked by cartilage degradation and pathological alterations in surrounding tissues. Currently, no effective disease-modifying treatments exist. This study aimed to elucidate the critical roles of Myb-like, SWIRM, and MPN domains 1 (MYSM1) and its downstream effector, Receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 (RIPK2), in OA pathogenesis and the underlying mechanisms.

Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome.

Background: Glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome (Glut1DS) was initially reported by De Vivo and colleagues in 1991. This disease arises from mutations in the SLC2A1 and presents with a broad clinical spectrum. It is a treatable neuro-metabolic condition, where prompt diagnosis and initiation of ketogenic dietary therapy can markedly enhance the prognosis.

Identifying novel aging-related diagnostic and prognostic models and aging-targeted drugs for sepsis patients.

Sepsis is defined as a dysfunctional, life-threatening response to infection leading to multiorgan dysfunction and failure. During the past decade, studies have highlighted the relationship between sepsis and aging. However, the role of aging-related mechanisms in the progression and prognosis of sepsis remains unclear.

Identification of biomarkers and immune microenvironment associated with pterygium through bioinformatics and machine learning.

Background: Pterygium is a complex ocular surface disease characterized by the abnormal proliferation and growth of conjunctival and fibrovascular tissues at the corneal-scleral margin. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of pterygium is crucial for developing effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Methods: To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of pterygium, we conducted a differential gene expression analysis between pterygium and normal conjunctival tissues using high-throughput RNA sequencing.