Large language models for pretreatment education in pediatric radiation oncology: A comparative evaluation study.

Background And Purpose: Pediatric radiotherapy patients and their parents are usually aware of their need for radiotherapy early on, but they meet with a radiation oncologist later in their treatment. Consequently, they search for information online, often encountering unreliable sources. Large language models (LLMs) have the potential to serve as an educational pretreatment tool, providing reliable answers to their questions.

Application of Fuzzy Logic-Based Expert Advisory Systems in Optimizing the Decision-Making Process for Material Selection in Additive Manufacturing.

In the era of Industry 4.0, additive manufacturing (AM) technology plays a crucial role in optimizing production processes, especially for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) striving to enhance competitiveness. Selecting the appropriate material for AM is a complex process that requires considering numerous technical, economic, and environmental criteria.

The Addition of Pumpkin Flour Impacts the Functional and Bioactive Properties of Soft Wheat Composite Flour Blends.

Growing interest in functional food ingredients has led to the exploration of pumpkin flour as a nutritional enhancer in wheat-based products. This study investigated the impact of pumpkin flour incorporation (0-20%) on soft wheat flour blends' technological and bioactive properties. The comprehensive analysis included granulometric distribution, techno-functional properties (WHC, WAC, WAI, WSI, SP, OAC), pasting characteristics (RVA), gel texture (TPA), rheological behaviour (frequency sweeps), colour parameters, and bioactive compounds (TPC, DPPH, ABTS) in both water and ethanol extracts.

Characteristics of Soft Wheat and Tiger Nut () Composite Flour Bread.

This study investigated the effects of tiger nut flour (TNF) incorporation (5-25%) on wheat-based bread characteristics. Dough rheology analysis revealed optimal gas retention at 10% TNF addition, while higher concentrations decreased dough stability. Physical analysis demonstrated that 10% TNF substitution yielded the highest specific volume (2.

Non-verbal communication questionnaire: a measure to assess effective interaction.

In five studies, we document the development and validation of the Non-verbal Communication Questionnaire (NVCQ). This eight-item measurement tool assesses how people perceive non-verbal cues across two dimensions of effective communication. These two dimensions, encouraging and discouraging non-verbal cues, are based on Khan and Zeb's (2021) version of the 10-part model of non-verbal communication.

Life satisfaction around the world: Measurement invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups.

The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) is a widely used self-report measure of subjective well-being, but studies of its measurement invariance across a large number of nations remain limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset-with data collected between 2020 and 2022 -to assess measurement invariance of the SWLS across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups (N = 56,968). All participants completed the SWLS under largely uniform conditions.

The impact of digital transformational leadership on digital intensity among primary healthcare entities: a moderated mediation model.

Background: Uncertain times require healthcare entities to demonstrate strong leadership, develop digitalisation, and respond to change in a creative and flexible manner. Based on emerging new institutional theory, we developed and tested a model of how digital transformational leadership (DTL) affects digital intensity (DI) among healthcare entities through the mediating role of organisational agility (OA). In this article, we also examine the moderating role of the country in the studied relationship.

Analysis of entropy on the European markets of energy and energy commodities prices.

The paper analyzes the problem of entropy in the moments of transition from a normal economic situation (2015-2019) to the Pandemic period (2020-2021) and the period of Russia's attack on Ukraine (2022-2023). The research in the article is based on the analysis of electricity, oil, coal, and gas prices in 27 countries of the European Union and Norway. The daily data cover the period from January 1, 2015, to March 30, 2023, and were analyzed using two-dimensional sets of electricity and commodity prices.

Preparation Process of In Situ MgB Material with Ex Situ MgB Barrier to Obtain Long Sections of Superconducting Multicore Wires.

In the present study, our emphasis was directed towards the fabrication process of long multi-core superconducting wires, each spanning several hundred meters. These wires feature an in situ MgB core, an ex situ MgB barrier, and a copper shield. The cost-effectiveness of these constituent materials, coupled with a judicious arrangement of internal components, facilitates the utilization of an economical shielding material for the resulting wire.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli-targeting phages for biofilm biocontrol in the poultry industry.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a principal etiologic agent of avian colibacillosis, responsible for significant economic losses in the poultry industry due to high mortality and disease treatment with antibiotics. APEC and its ability to form biofilms on food and processing surfaces contributes to its persistence within farms. Bacteriophages are promising antibacterial agents for combating APEC.

Sacubitril/valsartan in a wide spectrum of heart failure patients (from mechanisms of action to outcomes in specific populations).

Heart failure (HF) represents a significant global health challenge, characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates, decreased quality of life and a significant financial and economic burden. The prevalence of HF continues to rise, driven by an ageing population and an increasing burden of comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes and obesity. Understanding the complex pathophysiology and developing effective treatments are critical for improving patient outcomes, yet the range of effective, life-prolonging medication classes has remained mostly constant in the last few decades.

Oat Beta-Glucans Modulate the Gut Microbiome, Barrier Function, and Immune Responses in an In Vivo Model of Early-Stage Colorectal Cancer.

Oat beta-glucans (OBGs) are known for their beneficial effects on gut health, including anti-inflammatory and prebiotic effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of two doses (1% or 3% /) of dietary low-molar-mass OBG supplementation on colorectal cancer (CRC) development, immune cell profiles, intestinal barrier protein expression, and microbiota composition in a rat model of CRC induced by azoxymethane (AOM). Microbiome analysis revealed significant differences between the control and CRC groups.

Entropy as a Tool for the Analysis of Stock Market Efficiency During Periods of Crisis.

In the article, we analyse the problem of the efficiency market hypothesis using entropy in moments of transition from a normal economic situation to crises or slowdowns in European, Asian and US stock markets and the economy in the years 2007-2023 (2008-2009, U.S. financial sector crises; 2020-2021, Pandemic period; and the 2022-2023 period of Russia's attack on Ukraine).

New Screening Methods in Melanoma.

Background: The World Health Organisation reports that melanoma had an incidence of 331,722 cases worldwide in 2022, ranking it 17th on the list of the most prevalent malignancies. This disease is a threat to public health as years of potential life lost from melanoma deaths constitute an economic and social burden; it is, however, curable if detected early. This study aims to show current trends in clinical trials for melanoma screening.

Effectiveness of a nurse-led program of frequent educational meetings in achieving weight loss in patients with coronary artery disease: A prospective study from Poland.

Background: Body mass index (BMI) reduction in secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases requires a multidimensional intervention.

Aims: We aimed to evaluate the effect of regular 1-year nursing supervision on weight reduction in secondary prevention in patients with acute coronary syndromes.

Methods: The study was conducted from 2018 to 2022.

Assessing the impact of different donor milk treatments on infant health and growth: a systematic review protocol.

Introduction: Donor human milk (DHM) is the first alternative if mother's own milk is unavailable or contraindicated. Much DHM research has focused on its nutritional, immunological and biochemical composition in response to various maternal variables, standard human milk banking procedures and storage protocols. The current systematic review protocol, however, aims to systematically gather and analyse existing data pertaining to the impact of these aforementioned factors on the clinical, health-related and developmental outcomes observed in infants fed with DHM.

Love as a Commitment Device : Evidence from a Cross-Cultural Study across 90 Countries.

Given the ubiquitous nature of love, numerous theories have been proposed to explain its existence. One such theory refers to love as a commitment device, suggesting that romantic love evolved to foster commitment between partners and enhance their reproductive success. In the present study, we investigated this hypothesis using a large-scale sample of 86,310 individual responses collected across 90 countries.

The N-Acetyltransferase 2 Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Case-Control Study.

The enzyme N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) plays an important role in metabolism and detoxification of xenobiotics, including carcinogens and medications. We aimed to assess the contribution of the NAT2 polymorphism to susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the Polish population. The study involved 101 IBD patients and 100 healthy controls.

Thermodynamics of TlPrBr Compound and Re-examination of Phase Equilibria in the PrBr-TlBr System.

The PrBr-TlBr phase diagram was first established in the 1970s. Due to some inaccuracies, it was redetermined using differential scanning calorimetry. The results obtained differ significantly from those in the literature, which has been discussed in this paper.

Chemical Profile and Biological Properties of Methanolic and Ethanolic Extracts from the Aerial Parts of L. Growing in Central Asia.

The genus has been used in folk medicine for centuries; however, the data concerning L. are scarce. This study aimed at investigating the chemical composition of methanolic and ethanolic extracts from the aerial parts of collected in Kazakhstan and evaluating their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, with special attention being paid to polyphenols.

Resilience of primary healthcare facilities: Experiences from 16 European countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. A mixed-methods study conducted by EURIPA.

Background: The role of primary healthcare (PHC) during a pandemic varies across European countries. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has altered the working practices of family medicine doctors and impacted the resilience of healthcare systems.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine European healthcare system responses to the pandemic, focusing on rural and urban differences.

The Forced-To-Penetrate Myth Acceptance Scale (FTP-MAS): A New Attitudinal Tool for Assessing Myths That Surround Female Perpetrated Sexual Violence Against Men.

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a new measurement tool designed to capture endorsement of myths surrounding female perpetrated sexual violence against men, specifically in 'forced-to-penetrate' cases. Data were collected among a sample of 4152 UK adults aged 18-55+ (52% female). Dimensionality and construct validity of the Forced-to-Penetrate Myth Acceptance Scale (FTP-MAS) was investigated using traditional Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) techniques separately for the complete sample, males only, and females only.

Sustainability with environmental policy stringency and financial development for green technological innovations: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa.

This study is prompted by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDGs) and their anticipated effect by 2030. Financial development and environmental policy stringency are becoming crucial tools for tackling environmental degradation. However, there is a limited body of research that explores their interactive roles for green technological innovation and contributes to environmental sustainability, particularly in Sub-Saharan African economies.

HIV Self-Testing: A Discussion on the Benefits, Limitations, and Implications for Public Health with a Focus on Poland.

Background/objectives: A late HIV diagnosis represents a significant public health concern in Poland, with approximately 50% of patients being identified as late presenters (LPs), resulting in the delayed initiation of treatment. This study assesses the potential of HIV self-testing (HIVST) to enhance early detection, particularly among heterosexual individuals, and evaluates its advantages and limitations within the Polish context.

Methods: This study examines the advantages and disadvantages of HIVST by analyzing data from various studies.