Augmentation stability and early wound healing outcomes of guided bone regeneration in peri-implant dehiscence defects with L- and I-shaped soft block bone substitutes: A clinical and radiographic study.

Objectives: To retrospectively evaluate whether guided bone regeneration (GBR) with L- and I-shaped demineralized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen (DBBM-C) differs from GBR with DBBM in terms of augmentation stability and early wound healing outcomes in peri-implant dehiscence defects.

Methods: A total of 91 peri-implant defects were grafted with 24 L- (GBR-L), 22 I (GBR-I)-shaped DBBM-C, and 45 DBBM (GBR-P). Cone-beam computed tomography images were obtained after surgery and at 5 months follow-up.

Effectiveness of porcine-derived xenograft with enamel matrix derivative for periodontal regenerative treatment of intrabony defects associated with a fixed dental prosthesis: a 2-year follow-up retrospective study.

Purpose: Due to the difficulty of the hygienic care and sanitary management of abutment teeth and subpontic areas associated with fixed dental prostheses (FDPs), intrabony defects occur and accelerate due to the accumulation of plaque and calculus. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of regenerative periodontal surgery for intrabony defects associated with FDPs.

Methods: The study inclusion criteria were met by 60 patients who underwent regenerative treatment between 2016 and 2018, involving a total of 82 intrabony defects associated with FDPs.

Long-term stability of adjunctive use of enamel matrix protein derivative on porcine-derived xenograft for the treatment of one-wall intrabony defects: A 4-year extended follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The long-term outcomes of demineralized porcine bone matrix (DPBM) in combination with enamel matrix protein derivative (EMD) for the treatment of one-wall intrabony defects have not yet been evaluated. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the clinical, radiographic, and patient-reported outcomes of regenerative therapy using DPBM with EMD (test group) in comparison with DPBM alone (control group) for the treatment of one-wall intrabony defects in the molar regions.

Methods: Thirty-four patients (control group, n = 18, and test group, n = 16) were available at the 4-year follow-up assessment.

Deep learning for cephalometric landmark detection: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Deep learning (DL) has been increasingly employed for automated landmark detection, e.g., for cephalometric purposes.

Deep-Learning-Based Detection of Cranio-Spinal Differences between Skeletal Classification Using Cephalometric Radiography.

The aim of this study was to reveal cranio-spinal differences between skeletal classification using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Transverse and longitudinal cephalometric images of 832 patients were used for training and testing of CNNs (365 males and 467 females). Labeling was performed such that the jawbone was sufficiently masked, while the parts other than the jawbone were minimally masked.

Deep learning based prediction of necessity for orthognathic surgery of skeletal malocclusion using cephalogram in Korean individuals.

Background: Posteroanterior and lateral cephalogram have been widely used for evaluating the necessity of orthognathic surgery. The purpose of this study was to develop a deep learning network to automatically predict the need for orthodontic surgery using cephalogram.

Methods: The cephalograms of 840 patients (Class ll: 244, Class lll: 447, Facial asymmetry: 149) complaining about dentofacial dysmorphosis and/or a malocclusion were included.

Artificial Intelligence in Fractured Dental Implant Detection and Classification: Evaluation Using Dataset from Two Dental Hospitals.

Fracture of a dental implant (DI) is a rare mechanical complication that is a critical cause of DI failure and explantation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of a three different deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) architectures (VGGNet-19, GoogLeNet Inception-v3, and automated DCNN) for the detection and classification of fractured DI using panoramic and periapical radiographic images. A total of 21,398 DIs were reviewed at two dental hospitals, and 251 intact and 194 fractured DI radiographic images were identified and included as the dataset in this study.

Deep learning based prediction of extraction difficulty for mandibular third molars.

This paper proposes a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based deep learning model for predicting the difficulty of extracting a mandibular third molar using a panoramic radiographic image. The applied dataset includes a total of 1053 mandibular third molars from 600 preoperative panoramic radiographic images. The extraction difficulty was evaluated based on the consensus of three human observers using the Pederson difficulty score (PDS).

A Performance Comparison between Automated Deep Learning and Dental Professionals in Classification of Dental Implant Systems from Dental Imaging: A Multi-Center Study.

In this study, the efficacy of the automated deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) was evaluated for the classification of dental implant systems (DISs) and the accuracy of the performance was compared against that of dental professionals using dental radiographic images collected from three dental hospitals. A total of 11,980 panoramic and periapical radiographic images with six different types of DISs were divided into training ( = 9584) and testing ( = 2396) datasets. To compare the accuracy of the trained automated DCNN with dental professionals (including six board-certified periodontists, eight periodontology residents, and 11 residents not specialized in periodontology), 180 images were randomly selected from the test dataset.

Severe periodontitis with tooth loss as a modifiable risk factor for the development of Alzheimer, vascular, and mixed dementia: National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Retrospective Cohort 2002-2015.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate severe periodontitis with tooth loss as a modifiable risk factor for Alzheimer dementia (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), and mixed dementia (MD) using the National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Retrospective Cohort database with long-term follow-up over 14 years.

Methods: Multivariate Cox hazards regression analysis was applied to a longitudinal retrospective database, which was updated in 2018, to evaluate the association between severe periodontitis with few remaining teeth and dementia after adjusting for potential risk factors, including sociodemographic factors and comorbid diseases.

Results: Among 514,866 individuals in South Korea, 237,940 (46.

Concomitant cemento-osseous dysplasia and aneurysmal bone cyst of the mandible: a rare case report with literature review.

Background: Concomitant cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD) and aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) are rare in the head and neck region. In our search of the English language literature, we found only one case report describing the simultaneous occurrence of COD and ABC in the head and neck region. Here, we report a case of COD associated with ABC.

Deep learning based discrimination of soft tissue profiles requiring orthognathic surgery by facial photographs.

Facial photographs of the subjects are often used in the diagnosis process of orthognathic surgery. The aim of this study was to determine whether convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can judge soft tissue profiles requiring orthognathic surgery using facial photographs alone. 822 subjects with dentofacial dysmorphosis and / or malocclusion were included.

Effect of enamel matrix derivative on alveolar ridge preservation in the posterior maxilla: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: EMD has been considered to exert positive effects on wound healing, postoperative discomfort, and bone regeneration.

Purpose: The aim of this randomized controlled clinical trial was to investigate and compare (a) horizontal and vertical bone dimensional changes, (b) early postoperative discomfort and soft tissue wound healing outcomes, and (c) treatment modalities for implant placement, following posterior maxillary alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) with and without adjunctive use of EMD.

Methods: Twenty-eight participants were randomly assigned to three groups: extraction sockets filled with bovine bone mineral and membrane with EMD (test group 1, n = 10) and without EMD (test group 2, n = 10) and spontaneous healing (control group, n = 8).

Chronic Periodontal Disease increases risk for Prostate Cancer in Elderly individuals in South Korea: a Retrospective Nationwide Population-based Cohort Study.

The association between prostate cancer (PC) and chronic periodontal disease (PD) has been evaluated in previous studies, but results have been inconsistent. This study aimed to determine whether the presence of chronic PD in old age increases the risk of PC using data in the large-scale elderly cohort. This nationwide population-based cohort study examined data of 121,240 South Korean individuals aged ≥ 60 years from the National Health Insurance Service-Elderly Cohort database who completed a national program between 2002 and 2015.

Efficacy of deep convolutional neural network algorithm for the identification and classification of dental implant systems, using panoramic and periapical radiographs: A pilot study.

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), a particular type of deep learning architecture, are positioned to become one of the most transformative technologies for medical applications. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of deep CNN algorithm for the identification and classification of dental implant systems.A total of 5390 panoramic and 5380 periapical radiographic images from 3 types of dental implant systems, with similar shape and internal conical connection, were randomly divided into training and validation dataset (80%) and a test dataset (20%).

Assessment of bone density changes following two-jaw surgery using multidetector computed tomography: A pilot study.

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the pre- and postsurgical bone densities at alveolar and extra-alveolar sites following twojaw orthognathic surgery.

Methods: The sample consisted of 10 patients (mean age, 23.2 years; range, 18.

Three-dimensional observations of the incisive foramen on cone-beam computed tomography image analysis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to utilize cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) image analysis to obtain anatomical information related to the morphology of the incisive foramen to provide useful data regarding implant placement and clinical procedures such as anesthesia.

Methods: The study included 167 patients who underwent CBCT scans over 20 years. Three components were measured: 1) the anteroposterior and mediolateral diameter of the incisive foramen, 2) the horizontal bone thickness anterior to the incisive foramen, and 3) the vertical bone height coronal to the incisive foramen.

Sinus Floor Augmentation Using Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 With Hydroxyapatite: Volume Assessment.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of using bone morphogenetic protein-2 with hydroxyapatite granules (BMP-2/hydroxyapatite) during augmentation of maxillary sinus floor, with respect to changes in volume, relative to conventional bone graft materials.

Method And Materials: Twenty of 25 patients in the BMP-2/hydroxyapatite group, and 16 of 33 patients in the conventional materials group met the criteria for inclusion in this study. Computed tomography scans were performed preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at follow-up, approximately 6 months postoperatively.

Adjunctive use of enamel matrix derivatives to porcine-derived xenograft for the treatment of one-wall intrabony defects: Two-year longitudinal results of a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential advantages of adjunctive use of enamel matrix protein derivative (EMD) in combination with demineralized porcine bone matrix (DPBM) for the treatment of one-wall intrabony defects in the molar regions, in comparison with the use of DPBM alone, through a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Methods: Forty-two participants were randomly assigned to two groups: one where DPBM with the adjunctive use of EMD (test group, n = 20) was applied and the other without EMD (control group, n = 22). Changes in the clinical and radiographic parameters from baseline at 6, 12, and 24 months were measured (probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, defect depth, and defect width).

Factors affecting forced eruption duration of impacted and labially displaced canines.

Introduction: Patients with impacted maxillary canines typically endure long treatment time, and reliable pretreatment estimates of orthodontic treatment duration would be beneficial to patients and clinicians. The purpose of this study was to identify factors that affect the duration of forced eruption for impacted maxillary canines.

Methods: Data from treatment records and radiographic scans of 27 patients with 29 impacted and labially displaced maxillary canines (25 unilateral, 2 bilateral) were collected.

Diagnosis of cystic lesions using panoramic and cone beam computed tomographic images based on deep learning neural network.

Objectives: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the detection and diagnosis of three types of odontogenic cystic lesions (OCLs)-odontogenic keratocysts, dentigerous cysts, and periapical cysts-using dental panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images based on a deep convolutional neural network (CNN).

Methods: The GoogLeNet Inception-v3 architecture was used to enhance the overall performance of the detection and diagnosis of OCLs based on transfer learning. Diagnostic indices (area under the ROC curve [AUC], sensitivity, specificity, and confusion matrix with and without normalization) were calculated and compared between pretrained models using panoramic and CBCT images.

Comparative assessment of anterior maxillary alveolar ridge preservation with and without adjunctive use of enamel matrix derivative: A randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: The aim of this randomized, controlled, parallel-arm study was to evaluate the (a) radiographic bone dimensional changes, (b) postoperative discomfort, and (c) early soft tissue wound healing outcomes, following extraction of maxillary anterior teeth (central and lateral incisors) and treatment with alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) with and without the adjunctive use of enamel matrix derivative (EMD).

Methods: Thirty extraction sockets were randomly assigned to two groups: deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen covered with collagen membrane with the adjunctive use of EMD (test group) and without EMD (control group). Bone dimensional changes were measured using cone beam computed tomography at 3 and 5 months after ARP.

Volumetric characteristics of prognathic mandible revealed by skeletal unit analysis.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the skeletal units of a normal mandible (class I) and a prognathic mandible (class III), to compare the groups, and to investigate the key functional unit responsible for mandibular prognathism. Hemi-mandibles of 101 cases were evaluated by cone-beam computed tomography. Of these, 50 cases had Class I and 51 had Class III mandibles.

Association between health status and tooth loss in Korean adults: longitudinal results from the National Health Insurance Service-Health Examinee Cohort, 2002-2015.

Purpose: This study investigated the association between health status and tooth loss based on data from the National Health Insurance Service-Health Examinee Cohort in 2002-2015.

Methods: Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were applied to a longitudinal retrospective database, which was updated and newly released in 2018, to assess the association between health status and tooth loss while adjusting for potential confounders among sociodemographic and economic factors (sex, age, household income, insurance, and presence of disability), general and oral health status (body mass index [BMI], smoking and drinking status, periodic dental visits and scaling, and brushing before sleep), and comorbid disease (hypertension, diabetes mellitus [DM], and Charlson comorbidity index [CCI]).

Results: Among 514,866 participants from a South Korean population, 234,247 (45.

Assessment of early discomfort and wound healing outcomes after periodontal surgery with and without enamel matrix derivative: an observational retrospective case-control study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare early postoperative discomfort and wound healing outcomes between patients who underwent periodontal surgery with and without enamel matrix derivative (EMD), using retrospective questionnaires and postoperative clinical examinations.

Materials And Methods: All enrolled patients filled out the self-report questionnaire after suture removal. The severity and duration of subjective pain and swelling were evaluated using visual analog scale (VAS) scores and wound healing parameters (dehiscence/fenestration, spontaneous bleeding, persistent swelling, and ulceration).