Rethinking the residual approach: leveraging statistical learning to operationalize cognitive resilience in Alzheimer's disease.

Cognitive resilience (CR) describes the phenomenon of individuals evading cognitive decline despite prominent Alzheimer's disease neuropathology. Operationalization and measurement of this latent construct is non-trivial as it cannot be directly observed. The residual approach has been widely applied to estimate CR, where the degree of resilience is estimated through a linear model's residuals.

Characteristics of different lipid droplet-mitochondrial contacts patterns during lipid droplet metabolism in T2DM-induced MASLD.

Mitochondrial function is crucial for hepatic lipid metabolism. Current research identifies two types of mitochondria based on their contact with lipid droplets: peridroplet mitochondria (PDM) and cytoplasmic mitochondria (CM). This work aimed to investigate the alterations of CM and PDM in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) induced by spontaneous type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in db/db mice.

Long-Term Cognitive Outcomes in Adult Patients Receiving Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapies.

Background: CAR T-cell therapy (CAR-T) is leading to durable responses in patients with cancer but there is concern that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity may impact survivors' cognitive function. We assessed long-term cognitive function in CAR-T recipients and examine factors associated with change in cognition over time.

Methods: We assessed perceived cognition (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - Cognition) and neurocognitive performance (standardized neuropsychological battery) in adult patients prior to receiving CAR-T and at 6 month follow-up.

Brachytherapy Seed Placement by Robotic Bronchoscopy with Cone-Beam CT Guidance for Peripheral Lung Cancer: A Human Cadaveric Feasibility Pilot.

Purpose: This study evaluates the feasibility of utilizing robotic-assisted bronchoscopy with cone beam computed tomography (RB-CBCT) platform to perform low-dose-rate brachytherapy implants (LDR-BT) in a mechanically ventilated human cadaveric model. Post-implant dosimetry was compared to standard stereotactic body radiation therapy plans (SBRT).

Materials And Methods: The RB-CBCT platform was used to place inert LDR-BT seeds into mechanically ventilated human cadavers with percutaneously injected pseudotumors.

TractGraphFormer: Anatomically informed hybrid graph CNN-transformer network for interpretable sex and age prediction from diffusion MRI tractography.

The relationship between brain connections and non-imaging phenotypes is increasingly studied using deep neural networks. However, the local and global properties of the brain's white matter networks are often overlooked in convolutional network design. We introduce TractGraphFormer, a hybrid Graph CNN-Transformer deep learning framework tailored for diffusion MRI tractography.

White matter connections within the central sulcus subserving the somato-cognitive action network.

The somato-cognitive action network (SCAN) consists of three nodes interspersed within Penfield's motor effector regions. The configuration of the somato-cognitive action network nodes resembles the one of the 'plis de passage' of the central sulcus: small gyri bridging the precentral and postcentral gyri. Thus, we hypothesize that these may provide a structural substrate of the somato-cognitive action network.

Contemporary Insights into LMNA Cardiomyopathy.

Purpose Of Review: This review aims to explore how a diagnosis of LMNA-related cardiomyopathy (LMNA-CM) informs clinical management, focusing on the prevention and management of its complications, through practical clinical strategies.

Recent Findings: Longitudinal studies have enhanced our understanding of the natural history of LMNA-CM including its arrhythmic and non-arrhythmic complications. A LMNA specific ventricular arrhythmia risk prediction strategy has been integrated into clinical practice guidelines.

Case Report: ESR1::CITED2 Fusion in a Malignant Uterine Tumor Resembling Ovarian Sex Cord Tumor.

Uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord tumor (UTROSCT) is a rare, typically benign uterine tumor occurring over a wide age range (mean 52.4 yr). UTROSCTs often harbor translocations between ESR1 and nuclear receptor coactivators NCOA1-NCOA3.

Testosterone-induced Seminal Vesicle-like Differentiation in Cervical Mesonephric Duct Remnants in a Female to Male Transgender Patient.

Pure ductal-type mesonephric remnants in the uterine cervix are rare. We report an unusual case in a 31-yr-old of cervical mesonephric remnants of predominantly ductal type exhibiting seminal vesicle-like differentiation in a female-to-male transgender patient receiving long-term testosterone therapy. To the best of our knowledge, this phenomenon has not been previously reported.

Validation of Tumor Budding as a Prognostic Factor in Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma Using an Independent Cohort.

Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is an endometriosis-related neoplasm, in which traditional histologic grading does not show prognostic significance. Tumor budding was associated with poorer outcomes in OCCC in previous studies. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of tumor budding in OCCC in an independent cohort.

Integrated care for mental health in epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-synthesis by the International League Against Epilepsy Integrated Mental Health Care Pathways Task Force.

Mental health (MH) comorbidities are prevalent among people with epilepsy (PWE), but many experience challenges accessing care. To address this, suggestions have been made to integrate MH care into epilepsy care settings, yet the current approaches, benefits, and implementation determinants to MH care integration are unclear. This review aims to synthesize existing integrated MH care models for PWE to inform the development and planning of future initiatives.

Opportunistic assessment of steatotic liver disease in lung cancer screening eligible individuals.

Background: Steatotic liver disease (SLD) is a potentially reversible condition but often goes unnoticed with the risk for end-stage liver disease.

Purpose: To opportunistically estimate SLD on lung screening chest computed tomography (CT) and investigate its prognostic value in heavy smokers participating in the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST).

Material And Methods: We used a deep learning model to segment the liver on non-contrast-enhanced chest CT scans of 19,774 NLST participants (age 61.

Exploring the role of T cells in Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases: Emerging therapeutic insights from the T Cells in the Brain symposium.

This proceedings article summarizes the inaugural "T Cells in the Brain" symposium held at Columbia University. Experts gathered to explore the role of T cells in neurodegenerative diseases. Key topics included characterization of antigen-specific immune responses, T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire, microbial etiology in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and microglia-T cell crosstalk, with a focus on how T cells affect neuroinflammation and AD biomarkers like amyloid beta and tau.

Verruciform Acanthotic Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia Harbors Recurrent Genomic Alterations Found in HPV-independent Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

The term verruciform acanthotic vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (vaVIN) was coined to describe HPV-independent p53-wildtype lesions with characteristic clinicopathologic characteristics and association with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (vSCC). We aimed to expand on the molecular landscape of vaVIN using comprehensive sequencing and copy number variation profiling. vaVIN diagnosis in institutional cases was confirmed by a second review, plus negative p16 and wildtype p53 by immunohistochemistry.

Alternative Complement Pathway in Carotid Atherosclerosis: Low Plasma Properdin Levels Associate With Long-Term Cardiovascular Mortality.

Background: Complement activation may promote atherosclerosis. Yet, data on the to which extent complement, and more specifically the alternative complement pathway, is activated in patients with carotid atherosclerosis and related to adverse outcome in these patients, are scarce.

Methods And Results: We measured, by ELISA, plasma levels of factor D, properdin, C3bBbP (C3 convertase), and factor H in patients with advanced carotid atherosclerosis in a (n=324) and in a (n=206) cohort in relation to adverse outcome (mean follow-up 7.

Healthcare Resource Utilization Among Patients With Generalized Pustular Psoriasis: The Impact of Flares and Disease Severity.

Background: Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a rare, chronic, often unpredictable, severe multisystemic autoinflammatory skin disease from which patients can experience flares, episodes of widespread eruptions of painful, sterile pustules often accompanied by systemic symptoms. The impact of GPP flares and underlying GPP severity on the healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) is not well characterized.

Objective: To quantify HCRU among US GPP patients by flare status and underlying severity.