Effectiveness of exercise on sarcopenia in HIV patients: a systematic review of current literature.

Exercise is vital in managing sarcopenia in people living with HIV (PLWH). This study explores the role of exercise in reducing sarcopenia in HIV patients. A systematic search of electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science identifed relevant articles published in English up to April 2024.

Correlation between serum vitamin B12, vitamin D, and suboptimal semen parameters in male infertility: A hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Micronutrients such as vitamin B12 and D have recently gained attention for their potential roles in male reproductive health. Despite their significance, there's a critical gap in understanding their association with male infertility, particularly concerning suboptimal semen parameters. This study aimed to address this knowledge gap by examining serum vitamin B12 and D levels in infertile males, providing insights that could inform targeted interventions for couples facing male infertility challenges.

Infertility treatments and risk of breast benign diseases: a case‒control study.

Background: Theoretically, endocrine fluctuations occurring during infertility treatments, including ovulation induction (OI) and assisted reproductive techniques (ART), could be associated with an increased risk of benign breast diseases (BBDs). To date, no studies have been conducted on this association. Therefore, the present study investigated the association between different types of infertility treatments and BBDs.

A Systematic Review of Telehealth Applications in Endocrinology.

Introduction: The prevalence of telehealth has witnessed a significant increase in various medical domains, especially in endocrinology. Telehealth brings about considerable advantages for both patients and health care professionals. However, despite these positive aspects, the growing prominence of telehealth is accompanied by certain challenges.

Comparing stand-alone endovascular embolization versus stereotactic radiosurgery in the treatment of arteriovenous malformations with Spetzler-Martin grades I-III: a propensity score matched study.

Background: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are uncommon cerebral lesions that can cause significant neurological complications. Surgical resection is the gold standard for treatment, but endovascular embolization and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) are viable alternatives.

Objective: To compare the outcomes of endovascular embolization versus SRS in the treatment of AVMs with Spetzler-Martin grades I-III.

Identification of proteins' expression pathway and the effective miRNAs for the treatment of human papillomavirus-induced cervical cancer: in-silico analyses-experimental research.

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women. The risk factors for cervical cancer include human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, age, smoking, number of pregnancies, use of oral contraceptives, and diet. However, long-term HPV infection appears to be the main risk factor for developing cervical cancer.

Prevalence of Surgical Site Infection After Hip Arthroplasty; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: One of the worrisome complications of hip arthroplasty is surgical site infection (SSI). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of SSI after hip arthroplasty.

Methods: A comprehensive and systematic exploration was conducted across various international electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science, alongside Persian electronic databases such as Iranmedex and the Scientific Information Database (SID).

A comparison of the effects of nifedipine and indomethacin used in preterm labor tocolytic treatment on feto-maternal Doppler ultrasonography flow.

Objective: To compare the effects of nifedipine and indomethacin, used for tocolytic purposes in the treatment of preterm labor (PTL), on fetal-maternal Doppler blood flows and perinatal outcomes.

Materials And Methods: Eighty pregnant women between weeks 24 and 32 of gestation who used nifedipine (n = 40) and indomethacin (n = 40) as tocolytic treatments due to PTL were prospectively and consecutively included in the study. Sociodemographic, obstetric, and laboratory and Doppler flow parameters were compared between the groups.

A General Neurologist's Practical Diagnostic Algorithm for Atypical Parkinsonian Disorders: A Consensus Statement.

Purpose Of Review: The most common four neurodegenerative atypical parkinsonian disorders (APDs) are progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), multiple system atrophy (MSA), corticobasal syndrome (CBS), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Their formal diagnostic criteria often require subspecialty experience to implement as designed and all require excluding competing diagnoses without clearly specifying how to do that. Validated diagnostic criteria are not available at all for many of the other common APDs, including normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), vascular parkinsonism (VP), or drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP).

Preeclampsia: A comprehensive review.

Preeclampsia (PE) is a life-threatening disease of pregnancy and a prominent cause of neonatal and maternal mortality and morbidity. PE affects approximately 5-10% of pregnancies worldwide, posing significant risks to perinatal and maternal health. It is characterized by a variety of interconnected pathological cascades contributing to the stimulation of intravascular inflammation, oxidative stress (OS), endothelial cell activation, and syncytiotrophoblast stress that converge on a common pathway, ultimately resulting in disease progression.

Prevalence and Pattern of GATA3 Immunohistochemical Expression in Female Genital Tract Adenocarcinomas.

Background & Objective: GATA3 immunohistochemistry has been described as a highly sensitive marker in determining carcinomas of breast and urothelial origin. In the gynecologic system, it can be used as a marker to diagnose mesonephric or mesonephric-like carcinomas and trophoblastic tumors. The present study was performed to determine the diagnostic value of GATA3 in gynecological adenocarcinomas.

Risk of De Novo Barrett's Esophagus Post Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Studies With Long-Term Follow-Up.

Background & Aims: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is one of the most commonly performed bariatric procedures worldwide. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a major concern in patients undergoing SG and is a risk factor for Barrett's esophagus (BE). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the incidence of and analyze predictive factors for post-SG BE.

Role of the Locus Coeruleus Arousal Promoting Neurons in Maintaining Brain Criticality across the Sleep-Wake Cycle.

Sleep control depends on a delicate interplay among brain regions. This generates a complex temporal architecture with numerous sleep-stage transitions and intermittent fluctuations to micro-states and brief arousals. These temporal dynamics exhibit hallmarks of criticality, suggesting that tuning to criticality is essential for spontaneous sleep-stage and arousal transitions.

Optimal Timing for Resumption of Anticoagulation After Intracranial Hemorrhage in Patients With Mechanical Heart Valves.

Background: Anticoagulation in patients with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and mechanical heart valves is often held for risk of ICH expansion; however, there exists a competing risk of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Optimal timing to resume anticoagulation remains uncertain.

Methods And Results: We retrospectively studied patients with ICH and mechanical heart valves from 2000 to 2018.

A systematic review and meta-analysis on mortality rate following total pelvic exenteration in cancer patients.

Background: Total pelvic exenteration (TPE), an en bloc resection is an ultraradical operation for malignancies, and refers to the removal of organs inside the pelvis, including female reproductive organs, lower urological organs and involved parts of the digestive system. The aim of this meta-analysis is to estimate the intra-operative mortality, in-hospital mortality, 30- and 90-day mortality rate and overall mortality rate (MR) following TPE in colorectal, gynecological, urological, and miscellaneous cancers.

Methods: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis in which three international databases including Medline through PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science on November 2023 were searched.