[Clinical characteristics and pharmacological treatment of patients with heart failure in a primary health care cohort].

Objective: To characterise patients with heart failure (HF) in Primary Health Care (PHC) and describe their socio-demographic and clinical characteristics and pharmacological treatment.

Design: Descriptive cohort study. SITE: Information System for the Development of Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP), which captures information from the electronic health records of PHC of the Catalan Institute of Health (approximately 80% of the Catalan population).

Development and Evaluation of a Mindfulness-Based Mobile Intervention for Perinatal Mental Health: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Perinatal mental health problems, such as anxiety, stress, and depression, warrant particularly close monitoring and intervention, but they are often unaddressed in both obstetric and psychiatric clinics, with limited accessibility and treatment resources. Mobile health interventions may provide an effective and more accessible solution for addressing perinatal mental health. Development and evaluation of a mobile mental health intervention specifically for pregnant women are warranted.

Clonal Hematopoiesis in Women With Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) has been associated with a variety of adverse outcomes, most notably hematologic malignancy and ischemic cardiovascular disease. A series of recent studies also suggest that CH may play a role in the outcomes of patients with solid tumors, including breast cancer. Here, we review the clinical and biological data that underlie potential connections between CH, inflammation, and breast cancer, with a focus on the prevalence and impact of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential in patients with breast cancer.

Improving Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter Detection and Management by Smartphone-Based Photoplethysmography Rhythm Monitoring Following Cardiac Surgery: A Pragmatic Randomized Trial.

Background And Aims: Atrial fibrillation (AF) or atrial flutter (AFL) after cardiac surgery are common and associated with adverse outcomes. The increased risk related to AF or AFL may extend beyond discharge. This study aims to determine whether photoplethysmography (PPG)-based smartphone monitoring to detect AF or AFL after hospital discharge following cardiac surgery improves AF management.

Experiences and perceptions of respectful maternity care among mothers during childbirth in health facilities of Eastern province of Rwanda: An appreciative inquiry.

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) has emphasized the importance of ensuring respectful and dignified childbirth experiences. However, many countries, including Rwanda, have documented negative experiences during childbirth. Identifying best practices can help uncover sustainable solutions for resource-limited settings rather than focusing solely on the challenges and negative aspects.

Effectiveness of couple-based violence prevention education in reducing intimate partner violence during pregnancy in rural Ethiopia: A cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: Pregnancy is often seen as a joyful and fulfilling time for many women. However, a significant number of women in Ethiopia experience intimate partner violence (IPV) during this period. Despite this, there is limited evidence on interventions aimed at preventing violence during pregnancy.

Toll-like receptor 2/6-stimulated HMC-1 mast cells promote keratinocyte migration in wound healing.

Mast cells, immune sentinels that respond to various stimuli in barrier organs, provide defense by expressing pattern recognition receptors, such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs). They may affect inflammatory responses and wound healing. Here, we investigated the effect of TLR2/6-stimulated mast cells on wound healing in keratinocytes.

Unhealthy behaviours associated with uncontrolled hypertension among adults in India- Insights from a national survey.

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are governed by a cluster of unhealthy behaviours and their determinants, like tobacco and alcohol, unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity, overweight and obesity, pollution (air, water, and soil), and stress. Regulation of these unhealthy behaviours plays a crucial role in blood pressure control among individuals on hypertensive treatment, especially those suffering from uncontrolled hypertension. Hence, the present study aims at identifying the unhealthy behaviours associated with uncontrolled hypertension.

Intratumoral Collagen Deposition Supports Angiogenesis Suggesting Anti-angiogenic Therapy in Armored and Cold Tumors.

A previous study classifies solid tumors based on collagen deposition and immune infiltration abundance, identifying a refractory subtype termed armored & cold tumors, characterized by elevated collagen deposition and diminished immune infiltration. Beyond its impact on immune infiltration, collagen deposition also influences tumor angiogenesis. This study systematically analyzes the association between immuno-collagenic subtypes and angiogenesis across diverse cancer types.

Effect of family support and work resources in the relationship of economic constraints and work volition: Evidence from China.

Background: As the pace of economic development slows, college students are facing an increasingly challenging employment landscape. For instance, the expansion of higher education has led to a swell in the number of job seekers, which has in turn intensified competition. Given the limited job opportunities, it's understandable that many college students are developing a pessimistic employment mindset.

Spontaneous oxycodone withdrawal disrupts sleep, diurnal, and electrophysiological dynamics in rats.

Opioid dependence is defined by an aversive withdrawal syndrome upon drug cessation that can motivate continued drug-taking, development of opioid use disorder, and precipitate relapse. An understudied but common opioid withdrawal symptom is disrupted sleep, reported as both insomnia and daytime sleepiness. Despite the prevalence and severity of sleep disturbances during opioid withdrawal, there is a gap in our understanding of their interactions.

Association between maternal mental health and early childhood development, nutrition, and common childhood illnesses in Khwisero subcounty, Kenya.

Background: Despite the significant public health burden of maternal mental health disorders in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), limited data are available on their effects on early childhood development (ECD), nutritional status, and child health in the region.

Aims: This study investigated the association between maternal mental health and ECD, nutritional status, and common childhood illnesses, while controlling for biological, social, financial, and health-related factors and/or confounders.

Method: As part of the Innovative Partnership for Universal and Sustainable Healthcare (i-PUSH) program evaluation study, initiated in November 2019, a cohort of low-income rural families, including pregnant women or women of childbearing age with children under five, was recruited for this study.

A study of association between maternal tetanus toxoid immunization and neonatal mortality in the context of Bangladesh.

Background: Maternal tetanus toxoid (MTT) vaccination during pregnancy remains an important factor for reducing infant mortality globally, especially in developing nations, including Bangladesh. Despite commendable progress in reducing child mortality through widespread MTT vaccination during pregnancy, the issue still exists. This analysis explores the impact of MTT vaccination on neonatal mortality in Bangladesh and identifies associated factors.

Effects of the Affordable Care Act on Contraception, Pregnancy, and Pregnancy Termination Rates.

Objective: To investigate the effects of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and its elimination of cost sharing on contraception utilization, pregnancy rates, and abortion rates.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study within a health care system serving more than 4.5 million insured members across 21 medical centers and 250 clinics.

The Coexistence of Carotico-Clinoid Foramen and Interclinoidal Osseous Bridge: An Anatomo-Radiological Study With Surgical Implications.

Background And Objectives: The coexistence of complete carotico-clinoid bridge (CCB), an ossification between the anterior (ACP) and the middle clinoid (MCP), and an interclinoidal osseous bridge (ICB), between the ACP and the posterior clinoid (PCP), represents an uncommonly reported anatomic variant. If not adequately recognized, osseous bridges may complicate open or endoscopic surgery, along with the pneumatization of the ACP, especially when performing anterior or middle clinoidectomies.

Methods: According to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews guidelines, a systematic scoping review was conducted up to June 5, 2023.

Gender and Racial Disparities in Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery Fellows: A Decade-Long Analysis.

Background: Despite increasing diversity among medical students, pediatric orthopaedic surgery remains underrepresented regarding gender and ethnic diversity. Previous studies highlight notable underrepresentation of women and minorities in orthopaedic subspecialty fellowships.

Methods: This study analyzed data from 2013 to 2023 on pediatric orthopaedic surgery fellows, collected through the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education and Graduate Medical Education Consensus.

Deciphering transcription activity of mammalian early embryos unveils on/off of zygotic genome activation by protein translation/degradation.

Quantification of transcription activities in mammalian preimplantation embryos is challenging due to a huge amount of maternally stored transcripts and paucity of research materials. Here, we investigate genome-wide transcription activities of mouse and human preimplantation embryos by quantifying elongating RNA polymerase II. Two transcriptional waves are identified in early mouse embryos, with summits at the 2-cell and 8-cell stages.

Pessary Placement for Voiding Dysfunction Due to Prolapse Among Neurologically Intact Women.

Importance: Literature surrounding conservative management of voiding dysfunction (VD) due to pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is limited.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of pessaries on VD in women with symptomatic POP.

Study Design: This was a retrospective case series of adult women who underwent a pessary fitting for POP and VD between January 2010 to December 2022 at 2 tertiary care centers.

Risk-based triage strategy by extended HPV genotyping for women with ASC-US cytology.

Objective: We attempted to evaluate the immediate high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion-cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2/3 or worse (HSIL-CIN2+/3+, hereafter referred to as CIN2+/3+) risk of specific human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype and form the precise risk-based triage strategy for atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) women.

Methods: The clinical data of ASC-US women who underwent HPV genotyping testing and colposcopy were retrospectively reviewed. The distribution and CIN2+/3+ risks of specific HPV genotype were assessed by three approaches.

Seasonal Fluctuation in the Incidence of Congenital Hypothyroidism Across Different Temperate Zones of China.

Background: Seasonality in the incidence of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) has been identified in several countries and different conclusions have been drawn. The objective of this study was to examine whether this seasonality is also observable in China and how it manifests across different temperate zones.

Methods: Data on CH cases and screened neonates between January 1, 2014, and September 30, 2022, by year and season, were sourced from the Chinese Newborn Screening Information System.

Characterization of Human Senescent Cell Biomarkers for Clinical Trials.

There is an increasing need for biomarkers of senescent cell burden to facilitate the selection of participants for clinical trials. p16 is encoded by the CDKN2A locus, which produces five variant transcripts in humans, two of which encode homologous p16 proteins: p16, encoded by p16_variant 1, and p16ɣ, encoded by p16_variant 5. While distinct quantitative polymerase chain reaction primers can be designed for p16_variant 5, primers for p16_variant 1 also measure p16_variant 5 (p16_variant 1 + 5).

Exploring the link between inflammation and brain function after metabolic-bariatric surgery: A year-long fMRI study.

Background: Metabolic-bariatric surgery (MBS) transcends weight loss and offers wide-ranging health benefits, including positive effects on brain function. However, the mechanisms behind these effects remain unclear, particularly in the context of significant postoperative changes in the inflammatory profile characteristic of MBS. Understanding how inflammation influences postoperative brain function can enhance our decision-making on patient eligibility for MBS and create new opportunities to improve the outcomes of this popular treatment.