A family-based behavioral group obesity randomized control feasibility trial across a clinical trials network: a focus on contact hours.

Objective: This ancillary study's purpose is to describe the relationship between dose of treatment and body mass index (BMI) outcomes in a tele-behavioral health program delivered in the IDeA States Pediatric Clinical Trials Network to children and their families living in rural communities.

Methods: Participants randomized to the intervention were able to receive 26 contact hours (15 hr of group sessions and 11 hr of individual sessions) of material focused on nutrition, physical activity, and behavioral caregiver training delivered via interactive televideo. Dose of the intervention received by child/caregiver dyads (n = 52) from rural areas was measured as contact hours.

Nanoparticle encapsulation enables systemic IGF-Trap delivery to inhibit intra-cerebral glioma growth.

Background: Glioblastoma is an aggressive brain cancer with a 5-year survival rate of 5-10%. Current therapeutic options are limited, due in part to drug exclusion by the blood-brain barrier, restricting access of targeted drugs to the tumor. The receptor for the type 1 insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1R) was identified as a therapeutic target in glioblastoma.

A Commitment to Gender Equity in Medicine: An American Medical Women's Association Position Paper.

The American Medical Women's Association (AMWA) highlights the ongoing gender inequities in the medical profession, particularly in pay, leadership roles, workplace treatment, and work-life integration. To present evidence of gender disparities in medicine, analyze their root causes, and propose strategies for fostering a more equitable and inclusive environment. Despite progress, women physicians continue to face significant disparities, including lower salaries, underrepresentation in leadership roles, and discrimination.

Gestational Age at Delivery Is an Independent Predictor of Neonatal Outcome for Maternal HELLP Syndrome.

Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome is a severe complication of preeclampsia (PE), with a higher incidence rate in people living at high altitudes, such as Tibet area. Maternal HELLP syndrome is associated with an elevated neonatal mortality rate. The purpose of this study was to investigate the predicting factors for neonatal outcomes with maternal HELLP syndrome.

A short screen for lifetime sexual victimization experiences: Expanding research on the Sexual Abuse History Questionnaire (SAHQ) across cultures, genders, and sexual identities.

The Sexual Abuse History Questionnaire (SAHQ), a widely used screening tool for childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and adolescent/adult sexual assault (AASA) experiences, has limited examination of its psychometric properties in diverse populations. Our study assessed the SAHQ's psychometric properties (i.e.

The Hypertriglyceridemic Waist Phenotype is Associated with an Adverse Cardiometabolic Profile in this Cohort of Nigerians.

Background: The hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW) phenotype was introduced as a means of identifying individuals at risk of developing metabolic syndrome as well as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. However, studies surrounding the prevalence of the phenotype and its relationship with established markers of cardiometabolic risk, especially in the Nigerian population, remain sparse. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of the HTGW phenotype and explore its relationship with cardiovascular risk markers, namely Castelli Risk Indices I and II (CRI-I and CRI-II), Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) and serum triglyceride-HDL cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL).

Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation for Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) has emerged as a novel noninvasive adjunct therapy for advanced Parkinson's disease (PD), yet no quantitative analysis had been conducted to assess its therapeutic effect.

Objectives: This review aimed to investigate the efficacy of tVNS on motor function, other potential clinical targets and its safety in various treatment conditions.

Methods: We searched six databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that involved treating PD patients with tVNS.

Biases in the performance of FRAX without BMD in predicting fracture risk in a multiethnic population with diabetes: the Diabetes & Aging Study.

Fracture risk calculators, such as the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX), calculate the risk of major osteoporotic (MOF) and hip fracture, but do not account for the excess risk of fracture in people with diabetes. We examined the predictive performance of FRAX without BMD in ethnically diverse, older patients with diabetes. Patients included were between ages 65-89 from the Kaiser Permanente Northern California Diabetes Registry and not already taking osteoporosis medications.

Rationale and design of the FAIR-HF2-DZHK05 trial: Ferric carboxymaltose assessment of morbidity and mortality in patients with iron deficiency and chronic heart failure.

Aims: While it is widely accepted that intravenous (IV) iron improves functional capacity, symptoms, and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) diagnosed with iron deficiency (ID), three recently published cardiovascular outcome trials (AFFIRM-AHF, IRONMAN and HEART-FID) of IV iron supplementation in HF failed to demonstrate a significant benefit on their respective primary endpoints. Dosing of IV iron after the initial correction of baseline ID - by design or as a result of trial circumstances - was relatively low (i.e.

Risk of residual/recurrent cervical diseases in HPV-positive women post-conization depends on HPV integration status.

Background: It is crucial to identify post-operative patients with HPV infection who are at high risk for residual/recurrent disease. This study aimed to evaluate the association between HPV integration and clinical outcomes in HPV-positive women after cervical conization, as well as to identify HPV integration breakpoints.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data of 791 women who underwent cervical conization for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2-3 (CIN2-3) between September 2019 and September 2023, sourced from the Fujian and Hubei cervical lesion screening cohorts.

Cognitive control in individuals with heroin use disorder after prolonged methadone maintenance treatment.

Background: Although impaired cognitive control is common during the acute detoxification phase of substance use disorders (SUD) and is considered a major cause of relapse, it remains unclear after prolonged methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). The aim of the present study was to elucidate cognitive control in individuals with heroin use disorder (HUD) after prolonged MMT and its association with previous relapse.

Methods: A total of 63 HUD subjects (41 subjects with previous relapse and 22 non-relapse subjects, mean MMT duration: 12.

The interaction network and potential clinical effectiveness of dimensional psychopathology phenotyping based on EMR: a Bayesian network approach.

The current DSM-oriented diagnostic paradigm has introduced the issue of heterogeneity, as it fails to account for the identification of the neurological processes underlying mental illnesses, which affects the precision of treatment. The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework serves as a recognized approach to addressing this heterogeneity, and several assessment and translation techniques have been proposed. Among these methods, transforming RDoC scores from electronic medical records (EMR) using Natural Language Processing (NLP) has emerged as a suitable technique, demonstrating clinical effectiveness.

Symptom-based depression subtypes: brain dynamic specificity and its association with gene expression profiles.

At least 227 combinations of symptoms meet the criteria for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). However, in clinical practice, patients consistently present symptoms in a regular rather than random manner, and the neural basis underlying the MDD subtypes remains unclear. To help clarify the neural basis, patients with MDD were clustered by symptom combinations to investigate the neural underpinning of each subtype using functional resonance imaging (fMRI).

Bisphenol F (BPF) exposure impairs sperm quality and offspring development in male zebrafish.

Background: Bisphenol F (BPF), a substitute for bisphenol A (BPA), is widely used in consumer products, increasing the potential for environmental exposure. Our study investigated the reproductive effects of BPF on adult male zebrafish and explored its toxicological mechanisms, as well as its intergenerational effects.

Methods: Adult male zebrafish were exposed to BPF concentrations of 0, 50, 500, 2500, and 5000 nM for 21 days.

Community-based model for management and follow-up by non-physician healthcare workers to improve awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension: The COTRACO study protocol.

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide, with a significantly higher burden in low- and middle-income countries. Hypertension, a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, remains under-diagnosed and poorly controlled, especially in regions such as Latin America. The HOPE-4 study demonstrated that the involvement of non-physician health workers (NPHWs), the use of standardized treatment algorithms, the provision of free antihypertensive drugs and home follow-up can significantly improve hypertension control and reduce cardiovascular risk, as demonstrated in Colombia and Malaysia.

Racial Disparities in Time to Huntington Disease Diagnosis in North America: An ENROLL-HD Analysis.

Background And Objectives: There are well-documented racial and ethnic disparities in access to neurologic care and disease-specific outcomes. Although contemporary clinical and neurogenetic understanding of Huntington disease (HD) is thanks to a decades-long study of a Venezuelan cohort, there are a limited number of studies that have evaluated racial and ethnic disparities in HD. The goal of this study was to evaluate disparities in time from symptom onset to time of diagnosis of HD.

Association of MTHFD1 G1958A (rs2236225) gene polymorphism with the risk of congenital heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: We did this study to better clarify the correlations of methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 (MTHFD1)-G1958A (rs2236225) gene polymorphism with the risk of congenital heart diseases (CHD) and its subgroups.

Methods: Relevant articles were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, VIP database and Wanfang DATA until October 2023. We will use odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to examine the potential associations of MTHFD1- G1958A gene polymorphism with CHD and its subgroups.

Retrospective evaluation of patients admitted to the intensive care unit due to obstetric reasons in terms of maternal near-miss, a five-year case-control study.

Background: Maternal Near-Miss (MNM) has become globally recognized as an indicator of pregnancy, birth and the first 42 days of postpartum care services. The World Health Organization has taken a new approach to detail and better analyze maternal deaths. The clinic-based criteria to evaluate maternal care and the quality of related care services have been developed.

The citizen perspective on challenges and rehabilitation needs among individuals treated for head and neck cancer: a qualitative study.

Purpose: In Denmark, the prevalence of head and neck cancer is approximately 17.000, and the incidence is increasing. The disease and treatment of this condition may lead to severe physical, psychological, and social consequences.

The southern house mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Abu Dhabi, UAE, is developing resistance to deltamethrin insecticide.

Culex quinquefasciatus is a widely spread mosquito species that poses a significant public health threat in many countries. This insect vector is present in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), yet no studies have been conducted on its resistance to any insecticide group. Research shows that controlling mosquitoes is crucial to eliminating mosquito-borne diseases, but when these vectors develop insecticide resistance, the situation can escalate dangerously out of control.

Case-area targeted interventions and free chlorine residual in household drinking water: An observational cohort study during a cholera outbreak in Northeast Nigeria.

Background: Cholera outbreaks are surging worldwide. Growing research supports case-area targeted interventions (CATIs), whereby teams provide a package of interventions to case and neighboring households, as an effective strategy in cholera outbreak control, particularly in humanitarian settings. While research exists on individual CATI interventions, research gaps exist on outcomes of integrated interventions during CATI responses.