1,081 results match your criteria: "Women's Health and Epilepsy"

Despite the high prevalence of cognitive deficits in older people with epilepsy (PWE), their ability to judge and make decisions in daily life remains unexplored. In 61 older PWE (55-90 years) from the multicenter BRain Aging and Cognition in Epilepsy (BrACE) study, we examined everyday judgment, as measured by the Test of Practical Judgment (TOP-J: 9 questions, score range = 0-27; higher score = better judgment) and evaluated its association with clinical and demographic characteristics, global cognition, neuropsychological performance, subjective cognition, and quality of life (QOL). In our participants (mean age ± standard deviation [SD] = 66.

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Objective: Anti-GAD65 antibodies have been identified in people with epilepsy for many years, but their pathophysiological relevance is still debated. Susceptibility to autoimmune disease has been associated with Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) subtypes. Therefore, this study aimed to determine if there are common HLA types in anti-GAD65 antibody associated epilepsy cases compared to epilepsy controls.

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Article Synopsis
  • Researchers developed prediction models to estimate the risk of posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) in individuals who experienced moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injuries (TBI) during a two-year recovery period.
  • The study utilized data from over 6,000 participants in the TBI Model Systems National Database, performing analyses to create models that account for various factors influencing seizure risk post-injury.
  • Key findings indicated that Model 3, which focused on predicting new or recurrent seizures in the second year, had the highest sensitivity (86.63%) and effectiveness, with factors like cranial surgeries and traumatic hemorrhages being significant risk predictors across all models.
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Uncovering language deficits in focal epilepsy: Beyond the limits of noun naming and verbal fluency.

Epilepsy Behav

December 2024

Queensland Aphasia Research Centre, University of Queensland, Queensland Australia; School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia; Surgical Treatment and Rehabilitation Service (STARS) Education and Research Alliance, The University of Queensland and Metro North Health, Queensland, Australia; Centre of Research Excellence in Aphasia Recovery and Rehabilitation, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.

Background: A range of language impairments have been reported in people with epilepsy both pre- and post-surgically, however language is not routinely comprehensively assessed in epilepsy clinics. When language is assessed, this is typically as part of a broader neuropsychological battery of assessment, often limited to tests of noun naming and/or verbal fluency, despite evidence to suggest these tests are not sufficiently sensitive to detect the often-subtle deficits present in chronic focal epilepsy. Many areas of language function, including the production of connected speech, have also not been adequately explored in this population, and research relating to subjective report of language and communication difficulties is limited.

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Article Synopsis
  • Mental health conditions and epilepsy often occur together during pregnancy and are linked to higher rates of severe maternal morbidity (SMM).
  • A study examining over 5 million births in California found that SMM was notably higher in pregnant individuals with either or both conditions compared to those without.
  • Results showed that the odds of SMM increased significantly with mental health issues (2.13 times), epilepsy (3.79 times), and even more so for those with both conditions (4.91 times), stressing the importance of monitoring these risks in pregnant women.
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Japanese guidelines for treatment of pediatric status epilepticus - 2023.

Brain Dev

December 2024

Working Group for the Revision of Treatment Guidelines for Pediatric Status Epilepticus/Convulsive Status Epilepticus, Japanese Society of Child Neurology, Tokyo, Japan; Committee for Integration of Guidelines, Japanese Society of Child Neurology, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Child Neurology, Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.

Article Synopsis
  • The 2015 updated definition of status epilepticus (SE) emphasizes the importance of early treatment, identifying key time points for diagnosis and management.
  • Japan has revised its pediatric SE treatment guidelines, recommending buccal midazolam for pre-hospital and in-hospital treatment when intravenous access is not possible, while benzodiazepines are preferred when intravenous access is available.
  • The updated guidelines note similarities in seizure cessation rates across different medications, highlight the need for further recommendations on nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE), and plan to explore the effects of NCSE treatment on children's outcomes in future editions.
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Assessing spatial memory using the Brown Location Test: Lateralizing seizures in a presurgical cohort of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.

Epilepsy Behav

December 2024

School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Comprehensive Epilepsy Service, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the role of the nondominant temporal lobe in memory by comparing a spatial memory task (Brown Location Test, BLT) with verbal and visual memory tasks in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).
  • Results showed that patients with right TLE specifically struggled with the BLT, while those with left TLE had difficulties with both verbal and nonverbal tasks.
  • Combining BLT Delayed Recall and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task (RAVLT) scores was found to be the best way to predict the lateralization of the epileptogenic zone, showing the importance of using diverse memory assessments for evaluating epilepsy surgery candidates.
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Objective: Hippocampal sclerosis (HS), the most common pathology associated with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), is not always visible on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), causing surgical delays and reduced postsurgical seizure-freedom. We developed an open-source software to characterize and localize HS to aid the presurgical evaluation of children and adults with suspected TLE.

Methods: We included a multicenter cohort of 365 participants (154 HS; 90 disease controls; 121 healthy controls).

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  • The study aimed to investigate if high-dose folic acid (>1 mg daily) use in women who have given birth and those with epilepsy is linked to a higher risk of cancer, especially in children born to mothers with epilepsy.
  • Researchers analyzed data from medical birth registers in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, tracking cancer diagnoses among women over time while taking into account other factors like antiseizure medication use.
  • Results showed that women exposed to high-dose folic acid had a 20% increased overall risk of cancer, which slightly decreased when considering a 6-month delay, with a notable increase in non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases among those exposed.
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Article Synopsis
  • - The objective of the study was to review how neonatal status epilepticus (SE) is defined and measured, focusing on literature available on seizure burden in newborns.
  • - The review analyzed 44 studies that primarily included infants with conditions like hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, using continuous EEG (cEEG) for SE identification, and mostly defined SE via specific seizure durations.
  • - Key findings revealed significant variability in definitions of neonatal SE, with a consistent trend showing that higher seizure burden was linked to worse outcomes in the 16 studies that explored this relationship.
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Importance: Blast-related mild traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), the "signature injury" of post-9/11 conflicts, are associated with clinically relevant, long-term cognitive, psychological, and behavioral dysfunction and disability; however, the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear.

Objective: To investigate associations between a history of remote blast-related mild TBI and regional brain volume in a sample of US veterans and active duty service members.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Prospective cohort study of US veterans and active duty service members from the Long-Term Impact of Military-Relevant Brain Injury Consortium-Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium (LIMBIC-CENC), which enrolled more than 1500 participants at 5 sites used in this analysis between 2014 and 2023.

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Association between seizure reduction during ketogenic diet treatment of epilepsy and changes in circulatory metabolites and gut microbiota composition.

EBioMedicine

November 2024

Centre for Translational Microbiome Research (CTMR), Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address:

Background: The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high fat, sufficient protein, and low carbohydrate dietary therapy for drug-resistant epilepsy. The underlying mechanisms of action of the KD remain unclear. In mice, the microbiota is necessary for the anti-seizure effect and specific microbes influence circulatory levels of metabolites that are linked to seizure reduction.

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The availability of quality and timely data for routine monitoring of mental, neurological and substance use (MNS) disorders is a challenge, particularly in Africa. We assessed the feasibility of using an open-source data science technology (R Shiny) to improve health data reporting in Nairobi City County, Kenya. Based on a previously used manual tool, in June 2022, we developed a digital online data capture and reporting tool using the open-source Kobo toolbox.

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Article Synopsis
  • Clinical studies on repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) show inconsistent results, possibly due to differences in study methods, prompting a review of preclinical rTMS protocols in mice for epilepsy research.
  • A comprehensive search identified 23 relevant studies that used various epilepsy induction methods and defined motor thresholds, exploring the effects of different rTMS frequencies on seizure activity.
  • Findings indicate that low-frequency rTMS (≤5 Hz) generally suppresses seizures and improves behavioral outcomes, while high-frequency rTMS (≥5 Hz) had mixed effects, highlighting the importance of stimulation frequency in optimizing clinical applications for epilepsy treatment.
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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the relationship between early seizures and intellectual disability in children with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), focusing on how timing and frequency of seizures affect development.
  • Researchers analyzed data from 129 TSC patients over 36 months, using machine learning to identify neurodevelopmental subgroups and effective biomarkers for predicting outcomes.
  • Findings indicate that the total number of seizures (accumulated seizure burden) is a stronger predictor of cognitive development at 36 months than the age at which seizures begin, highlighting the importance of seizure management for better developmental outcomes.
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Subject-based assessment of large-scale integration dynamics in epileptic brain networks: insights from the intrinsic ignition framework.

Cereb Cortex

October 2024

Computational Neuroscience Group, Center for Brain and Cognition, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, C/ de Ramon Trias Fargas, 25, Barcelona, CP 08018, Spain.

Article Synopsis
  • - The study analyzed brain dynamics in 10 individuals with pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy and 30 healthy controls using resting-state functional MRI, focusing on how seizures start and spread.
  • - Findings revealed significant changes in global brain connectivity, with increased integration and flexibility, and specific regions showing paradoxical decreases in ignition within the seizure onset zone.
  • - The results contribute to a better understanding of epilepsy mechanisms and may help in creating diagnostic tools and therapies for seizure management.
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Clinical trials for Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: Challenges and priorities.

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

November 2024

Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.

Objective: Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a severe, childhood-onset epilepsy that is typically refractory to treatment. We surveyed the current landscape of LGS treatment, aiming to identify challenges to the development of efficacious therapies, and to articulate corresponding priorities toward clinical trials that improve outcomes.

Methods: The LGS Special Interest Group of the Pediatric Epilepsy Research Consortium integrated evidence from the literature and expert opinion, into a narrative review.

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Current practices in the diagnosis and treatment of Rasmussen syndrome: Results of an international survey.

Seizure

November 2024

Department of Epileptology, Krankenhaus Mara, Bethel Epilepsy Center, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Maraweg 21, 33617, Bielefeld, Germany. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • - The study surveys medical providers about their current practices regarding the diagnosis and treatment of Rasmussen syndrome (RS), a condition that results in brain atrophy and various neurological issues.
  • - Most providers conduct tests for autoimmune encephalitis, but there are significant differences in the use of genetic testing and biopsy across regions, especially between US and European doctors and those from elsewhere.
  • - The findings reveal varying opinions on treatment priorities, particularly between surgical options and immunotherapy, indicating a need for further research and the development of consensus guidelines in RS management.
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Objective: To assess whether the antiseizure medication levetiracetam may improve cognition in individuals with Alzheimer's disease who have not previously experienced a seizure.

Methods: We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover pilot study in individuals with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease. Electroencephalography was performed at baseline and those with active epileptiform discharges were excluded.

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Pediatric MOG-Ab-Associated Encephalitis: Supporting Early Recognition and Treatment.

Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm

December 2024

From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom.

Article Synopsis
  • A study assessed children under 18 with antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-Ab), focusing on those with encephalitis who didn’t fit the criteria for acute disseminated encephalitis (ADEM), comparing them to those with ADEM.
  • Out of 235 MOG-Ab positive patients, 33 had encephalitis and 74 had ADEM, with common symptoms including headache, seizures, and fever; 24% had a normal initial brain MRI.
  • Findings indicated that children with encephalitis were generally older, more often admitted to intensive care, and had a delayed start of steroid treatment, suggesting MOG-Ab testing is essential for suspected encephalitis
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Article Synopsis
  • * The panel emphasized the need for improved diagnostic methods, including multi-night assessments and new metrics to differentiate CSA from obstructive sleep apnea, which could enhance treatment outcomes.
  • * Future research should investigate the effects of CSA on patients, optimize therapeutic approaches, and explore new diagnostic techniques and combination therapies for effective CSA management.
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Mapping Lesion-Related Human Aggression to a Common Brain Network.

Biol Psychiatry

October 2024

Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Computational Radiology Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Article Synopsis
  • Aggression is a major issue in society, particularly among neuropsychiatric patients, but its underlying neural mechanisms and treatment options remain unclear.
  • Researchers analyzed data from 182 Vietnam War veterans with head injuries to identify a specific brain network linked to aggression, finding a key hub in the right prefrontal cortex and other connected regions.
  • The study suggests that targeting this aggression-associated brain circuit through neuromodulation methods, like deep brain stimulation, could be a potential therapeutic approach for managing aggression-related symptoms.
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Objective: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, exhibiting variance in prevalence and treatment availability across diverse geopolitical contexts and cultural milieus. The stigma associated with epilepsy is a significant global issue affecting the quality of life (QOL) of people with epilepsy (PWE). This study aims to examine the relationship between self-stigma and depressive symptoms in PWE, with a particular emphasis on understanding the manifestations of these across different cultural contexts.

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