Premenopausal bilateral oophorectomy and Alzheimer's disease imaging biomarkers later in life.

Introduction: Premenopausal bilateral oophorectomy (PBO) before the age of 46 years is associated with an increased risk of dementia. We investigated the long-term effects of PBO performed before age 50 years on amyloid beta (Aβ), tau, and neurodegeneration imaging biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: Mayo Clinic Cohort Study of Oophorectomy and Aging-2 participants were divided into early PBO (< 46 years; n = 61), and late PBO (46-49 years; n = 51) groups and were compared to referent women who did not undergo PBO (n = 119).

Impact of Probiotics and Prebiotics on Gut Microbiome and Hormonal Regulation.

The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in human health by influencing various physiological functions through complex interactions with the endocrine system. These interactions involve the production of metabolites, signaling molecules, and direct communication with endocrine cells, which modulate hormone secretion and activity. As a result, the microbiome can exert neuroendocrine effects and contribute to metabolic regulation, adiposity, and appetite control.

Exploring the urgent need for an online reproductive health education program for infertile couples: A qualitative study.

Background: With the escalating utilization of online health education programs and the growing prevalence of infertility, there is an urgent requirement for a comprehensive and effective online platform that caters to the unique needs of couples facing infertility. This study aims to investigate and understand the needs and potential benefits of implementing an online reproductive health education program for infertile couples.

Materials And Methods: This research was a qualitative study conducted in Shahroud City, Iran from May 2022 to June 2022.

Journal of Women's Health Clinical Update.

The Clinical Update series is intended to help busy clinicians stay up-to-date with recently published important and potentially practice-changing articles on topics pertinent to the care of women. In this update on sexual health, we review studies on the sexual health content of healthcare professional curricula, sexual health and intimacy after cancer in women of color, sexual function in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, as well as the risks associated with the use of testosterone in women.

The Quality of Life after Endometrial Cancer Study: Baseline Characteristics and Patient-Reported Outcomes.

Endometrial cancer (EC) patients make up the second largest group of female cancer survivors. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) including quality of life (QOL) and sexual function and satisfaction (SF and S) are critical facets of survivorship. This prospective, longitudinal study assesses associations between baseline characteristics and PROs after treatment.

Contributors to high left ventricular ejection fraction in women with ischemia and no obstructive coronary artery disease: Results from the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation-Coronary Vascular Dysfunction (WISE-CVD) Study.

Background: There are sex differences in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) relevant to prognosis where women experience greater mortality at relatively higher LVEF compared to men, yet mechanistic understanding of this adverse prognosis is limited. Women with suspected ischemia with no obstructive coronary disease (INOCA) develop heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), yet contributors to LVEF remain largely unknown.

Methods: In 370 women with suspected ischemia with no obstructive coronary disease (INOCA) who prospectively underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI), we investigated the contributions of LV morphology, function, and myocardial perfusion reserve on LVEF using univariate and multiple linear regression.

Multiple sclerosis in Somali Americans: Nature or nurture?

Background: Differences in the MS course between White and Black populations is well accepted. The existence of a large Somali immigrant population in Minnesota facilitates a study of MS characteristics in this immigrant native African population. The objective of this study was to compare Somali American (SA), African American (AA), and White American (WA) persons with MS (pwMS) regarding clinical features and disease modifying therapy (DMT) use.

Imaging phenotypic differences in multiple sclerosis: at the crossroads of aging, sex, race, and ethnicity.

Clear sex differences are observed in clinical and imaging phenotypes of multiple sclerosis (MS), which evolve significantly over the age spectrum, and more specifically, during reproductive milestones such as pregnancy and menopause. With neuroimaging being an outcome measure and also a key subclinical biomarker of subsequent clinical phenotype in MS, this comprehensive review aims to provide an overview of sex and hormone differences in structural and functional imaging biomarkers of MS, including lesion burden and location, atrophy, white matter integrity, functional connectivity, and iron distribution. Furthermore, how therapies aimed at altering sex hormones can impact imaging of women and men with MS over the lifespan is discussed.

MicroRNA-21 modulates brown adipose tissue adipogenesis and thermogenesis in a mouse model of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine disorder in premenopausal women, is associated with increased obesity, hyperandrogenism, and altered brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. MicroRNAs play critical functions in brown adipocyte differentiation and maintenance. We aim to study the role of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in altered energy homeostasis and BAT thermogenesis in a PCOS mouse model of peripubertal androgen exposure.

Premenopausal bilateral oophorectomy and brain white matter brain integrity in later-life.

Introduction: Premenopausal bilateral oophorectomy (PBO) is associated with later-life cognition, but the underlying brain changes remain unclear. We assessed the impact of PBO and PBO age on white matter integrity.

Methods: Female participants with regional diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were included (22 with PBO < 40 years; 43 with PBO 40-45 years; 39 with PBO 46-49 years; 907 referents without PBO < 50 years).

Longitudinal associations of reproductive factors and exogeneous estrogens with neuroimaging biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and cerebrovascular disease.

Introduction: Female-specific reproductive factors and exogeneous estrogen use are associated with cognition in later life. However, the underlying mechanisms are not understood. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of reproductive factors on neuroimaging biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebrovascular pathologies.

Menopause in the workplace: Challenges, impact, and next steps.

Introduction: Menopause is a natural part of a woman's life that coincides with a time when many women play significant roles in the workforce. Menopause symptoms, such as hot flashes, fatigue, and difficulty with concentration and memory, can have a negative effect on work productivity and efficiency.

Objectives: This paper summarizes the impact of menopause in the workplace, with an emphasis on the impact of symptoms on employed women and how the workplace influences their experiences.

Drp1 controls complex II assembly and skeletal muscle metabolism by Sdhaf2 action on mitochondria.

The dynamin-related guanosine triphosphatase, Drp1 (encoded by ), plays a central role in mitochondrial fission and is requisite for numerous cellular processes; however, its role in muscle metabolism remains unclear. Here, we show that, among human tissues, the highest number of gene correlations with is in skeletal muscle. Knockdown of Drp1 (Drp1-KD) promoted mitochondrial hyperfusion in the muscle of male mice.

Menopause transition and cardiovascular disease risk.

The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) notably increases in the fifth decade of a woman's life, coinciding with the onset of menopause and occurring 10 years later than the similar age-related increase in men. Menopause marks a significant transition in a woman's life and is accompanied by cardiometabolic changes, including a shift in body composition, increased blood pressure, disruptions in lipoproteins, and insulin resistance. There is increasing evidence that the menopause transition is a risk factor for CVD, independent of age-related changes, especially considering that the earlier the onset of menopause, the greater is the CVD risk.

Sentinel Node Mapping in Ovarian Tumors: A Study Using Lymphoscintigraphy and SPECT/CT.

Purpose: Ovarian cancer in the early stage requires a complete surgical staging, including radical lymphadenectomy, implying subsequent risk of morbidity and complications. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping is a procedure that attempts to reduce radical lymphadenectomy-related complications and morbidities. Our study evaluates the feasibility of SLN mapping in patients with ovarian tumors by the use of intraoperative Technetium-99m-Phytate (Tc-99m-Phytate) and postoperative lymphoscintigraphy using tomographic (single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT)) acquisition.

Weight Gain in Midlife Women.

Purpose Of Review: To summarize the evidence and clinical implications of weight and body composition changes during midlife in women and provide an overview of weight gain prevention and management in this population.

Recent Findings: Aging-related changes such as decreased energy expenditure and physical activity are important culprits for weight gain in midlife women. The hormonal changes of menopause also influence body adiposity distribution and increase central adiposity.

Risk and sex-specific trends of dementia and stroke in Italy Compared to European and high-income countries and the world: global implications.

Background: Understanding the increasing trends in Italy may inform new prevention strategies and better treatments. We investigated trends and risk factors of dementia, stroke, and ischemic heart disease (IHD) in Italy with the second-oldest population globally, compared to European and high-income countries and the world.

Methods: We analyzed the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019 estimates on incidence and burden (i.