Association between maternal schizophrenia and risk of serious asthma exacerbations in childhood.

Background And Hypothesis: While maternal schizophrenia is linked to chronic childhood medical conditions, little is known about the risk of acute asthma exacerbations among children whose mothers have schizophrenia. This population-based study used health data for all of Ontario, Canada to evaluate whether having a mother with schizophrenia was associated with increased risk of asthma exacerbations.

Study Design: The study cohort included 385,989 children diagnosed with asthma from age 2 years onward, followed from the time of their asthma diagnosis up to a maximum of age 19 years.

Qualitative focus group study of interprofessional healthcare providers to inform the development of a virtual psychoeducational training program for the treatment of childhood interpersonal trauma.

The shortage of adequately trained healthcare providers (HCPs) able to treat adults who have experienced childhood interpersonal trauma (CIT) is a pressing concern. This study explored HCPs' training needs for a trauma-focused psychoeducational group intervention and the potential barriers and facilitators to accessing such training. Three 1-hour focus group sessions were conducted with HCPs ( = 17) from two urban and one rural community healthcare organization serving diverse populations in Ontario, Canada, including under-housed people, women struggling with mental health and addiction, and LGBTQ+ populations.

The Trauma PORTAL-A Blended e-Health Intervention for Survivors of Childhood Interpersonal Trauma: An Open-Label Pilot Study.

Background: Adults with mental health symptoms stemming from childhood interpersonal trauma require specialized trauma-focused psychological interventions. Limitations in accessing treatment interventions for this population necessitate innovative solutions. This study explored the feasibility of a protocol for a blended e-health psychoeducational treatment intervention for this population called the Trauma PORTAL (Providing Online tRauma Therapy using an Asynchronous Learning platform), combining asynchronous online modules and weekly live virtual group sessions.

Individual patient data meta-analysis estimates the minimal detectable change of the Geriatric Depression Scale-15.

Objectives: To use individual participant data meta-analysis (IPDMA) to estimate the minimal detectable change (MDC) of the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15) and to examine whether MDC may differ based on participant characteristics and study-level variables.

Study Design And Setting: This was a secondary analysis of data from an IPDMA on the depression screening accuracy of the GDS. Datasets from studies published in any language were eligible for the present study if they included GDS-15 scores for participants aged 60 or older.

Mental health sequelae in survivors of cardiogenic shock complicating myocardial infarction. A population-based cohort study.

Purpose: Cardiogenic shock secondary to acute myocardial infarction (AMI-CS) is associated with substantial short- and long-term morbidity and mortality. However, there are limited data on mental health sequelae that survivors experience following discharge.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, population-based cohort study in Ontario, Canada of critically ill adult (≥ 18 years) survivors of AMI-CS, admitted to hospital between April 1, 2009 and March 31, 2019.

The development and evaluation of a virtual, asynchronous, trauma-focused treatment program for adult survivors of childhood interpersonal trauma.

Background: The long-term mental and physical health implications of childhood interpersonal trauma on adult survivors is immense, however, there is a lack of available trauma-focused treatment services that are widely accessible. This study, utilizing a user-centered design process, sought feedback on the initial design and development of a novel, self-paced psychoeducation and skills-based treatment intervention for this population.

Aims: To explore the views and perspectives of adult survivors of childhood interpersonal trauma on the first two modules of an asynchronous trauma-focused treatment program.

A virtual mother-infant postpartum psychotherapy group for mothers with a history of adverse childhood experiences: open-label feasibility study.

Objectives: Mothers with a history of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are at elevated risk for postpartum mental illness and impairment in the mother-infant relationship. Interventions attending to maternal-infant interactions may improve outcomes for these parents and their children, but barriers to accessing in-person postpartum care limit uptake. We adapted a postpartum psychotherapy group for mothers with mental illness (e.

Access to symptom screening and severe symptom risk among cancer patients with major mental illness.

Introduction: Cancer symptom screening has the potential to improve cancer outcomes, including reducing symptom burden among patients with major mental illness (MMI). We determined rates of symptom screening with the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS-r) and risk of severe symptoms in cancer patients with MMI.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used linked administrative health databases of adults diagnosed with cancer between 2007 and 2020.

Clinical index to quantify the 1-year risk for common postpartum mental disorders at the time of delivery (PMH CAREPLAN): development and internal validation.

Background: Common postpartum mental health (PMH) disorders such as depression and anxiety are preventable, but determining individual-level risk is difficult.

Aims: To create and internally validate a clinical risk index for common PMH disorders.

Method: Using population-based health administrative data in Ontario, Canada, comprising sociodemographic, clinical and health service variables easily collectible from hospital birth records, we developed and internally validated a predictive model for common PMH disorders and converted the final model into a risk index.

The influence of the "cancer" label on perceptions and management decisions for low-grade prostate cancer.

Background: Grade Group 1 (GG1) prostate cancer should be managed with active surveillance (AS). Global uptake of AS remains disappointingly slow and heterogeneous. Removal of cancer labels has been proposed to reduce GG1 overtreatment.

The Disability-Related Education and Training Experiences of Perinatal Care Providers in Ontario.

We describe the disability-related education and training experiences of perinatal care providers in Ontario. Twenty perinatal care providers (e.g.

A Clinical Review of the Use of Common Psychiatric Medications in Pregnancy: Guidelines for Obstetrical Providers.

Psychotropic medications are commonly prescribed in pregnancy, and obstetrical providers should be informed about how and when to use them. The current narrative review addresses the use of some of the most commonly prescribed psychotropic medications-antidepressants, sedatives and hypnotics, and antipsychotic drugs. The aim is neither a complete review of psychiatric disorders in pregnancy nor all possible psychological and pharmacological treatments for mental illness around the time of pregnancy.

Twin pregnancy and severe maternal mental illness: a Canadian population-based cohort study.

Twin pregnancy is a risk factor for postpartum depression and anxiety. Whether this translates into a higher risk of severe maternal mental illness in the short-term or long-term is unknown. This study was a population-based retrospective cohort study, using linked health administrative databases for the entire province of Ontario, Canada.

Parallel latent trajectories of mental health and personal earnings among 16- to 20 year-old US labor force participants: a 20-year longitudinal study.

Purpose: Determine the number of latent parallel trajectories of mental health and employment earnings over two decades among American youth entering the workforce and estimate the association between baseline sociodemographic and health factors on latent trajectory class membership.

Methods: This study used data of 8173 participants from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 who were 13-17 years old in 1997. Surveys occurred annually until 2011 then biennially until 2017, when participants were 33-37 years old.

The PPD-ACT app in Canada: feasibility and a latent class analysis of participants with postpartum depression recruited to a psychiatric genetics study using a mobile application.

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) and postpartum psychosis (PPP) are linked to negative consequences for women and families. Virtual applications present a solution to the challenge of recruiting large samples for genetic PPD/PPP research. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a protocol for enrolling Canadian women with PPD and PPP to a large international psychiatric genetics study using a mobile application (PPD-ACT), and identify clinically distinct subtypes of PPD in the recruited sample.

The development of a patient decision aid to reduce decisional conflict about antidepressant use in pregnancy.

Background: People with moderate to severe depression in pregnancy must weigh potential risks of untreated or incompletely treated depression against the small, but uncertain risks of fetal antidepressant drug exposure. Clinical support alone appears insufficient for helping individuals with this complex decision. A patient decision aid (PDA) has the potential to be a useful tool for this population.

Association of Patient-Reported Outcomes With Subsequent Nonfatal Self-injury After a New Cancer Diagnosis.

Importance: Nonfatal self-injury (NFSI) is a patient-centered manifestation of severe distress occurring in 3 out of 1000 patients after cancer diagnosis. How to identify patients at risk for NFSI remains unknown.

Objective: To examine the associations between patient-reported outcome measures and subsequent NFSI in patients with cancer.

Complex chronic conditions among children born to women with schizophrenia.

Purpose: Maternal schizophrenia is linked to complications in offspring near the time of birth. Whether there is also a higher future risk of the child having a complex chronic condition (CCC) - a pediatric condition affecting any bodily system expected to last at least 12 months that is severe enough to require specialty care and/or a period of hospitalization - is not known.

Methods: In this population-based health administrative data cohort study (Ontario, Canada, 1995-2018), the risk for CCC was compared in 5066 children of women with schizophrenia (the exposed) vs.

Data-driven methods distort optimal cutoffs and accuracy estimates of depression screening tools: a simulation study using individual participant data.

Objective: To evaluate, across multiple sample sizes, the degree that data-driven methods result in (1) optimal cutoffs different from population optimal cutoff and (2) bias in accuracy estimates.

Study Design And Setting: A total of 1,000 samples of sample size 100, 200, 500 and 1,000 each were randomly drawn to simulate studies of different sample sizes from a database (n = 13,255) synthesized to assess Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) screening accuracy. Optimal cutoffs were selected by maximizing Youden's J (sensitivity+specificity-1).

Scaling Up Maternal Mental healthcare by Increasing access to Treatment (SUMMIT) through non-specialist providers and telemedicine: a study protocol for a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial.

Background: Depression and anxiety impact up to 1 in 5 pregnant and postpartum women worldwide. Yet, as few as 20% of these women are treated with frontline interventions such as evidence-based psychological treatments. Major barriers to uptake are the limited number of specialized mental health treatment providers in most settings, and problems with accessing in-person care, such as childcare or transportation.

Major Depressive Episodes and Employment Earnings Trajectories over the Following Decade among Working-aged Canadian Men and Women.

Objective: Quantify the association between experiencing a major depressive episode (MDE) and employment earnings over the following decade among working-aged Canadian men and women.

Methods: Ten national Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS 2003-2014) cycles were linked to administrative tax records (1997-2016) for individuals 18-54 years old with information on past year MDE defined by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Short Form (n=85,155) measured at baseline. Subsequent earnings were measured annually two to ten years post-MDE.