Rationale and design of the Dynamic Coronary Roadmap for Contrast Reduction (DCR4Contrast) in PCI randomized controlled trial.

Background: The clinical and anatomic complexity of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) has increased significantly over the past 2 decades. Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) significantly impacts prognosis after PCI, therefore minimizing the risk of CIN is important in improving clinical outcomes. Dynamic Coronary Roadmap (DCR) is a PCI navigation support tool which may decrease CIN by projecting a motion-compensated virtual coronary roadmap overlay on fluoroscopy, potentially reducing iodinated contrast volume during PCI.

Sustained Diet-Induced Remission in Pediatric Crohn's Disease Is Associated With Kynurenine and Serotonin Pathways.

Background: Both the Crohn's disease exclusion diet combined with partial enteral nutrition (CDED+PEN) and exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) can induce remission in mild-to-moderate pediatric Crohn's disease and are associated with a marked decrease in fecal kynurenine levels. This suggests a link between clinical outcome of dietary therapy and changes in tryptophan metabolism pathways. Here, we characterize the changes in several fecal tryptophan metabolites induced by CDED+PEN or EEN and their association with remission.

Juvenile mucopolysaccharidosis plus disease caused by a missense mutation in VPS33A.

A rare and fatal disease resembling mucopolysaccharidosis in infants, is caused by impaired intracellular endocytic trafficking due to deficiency of core components of the intracellular membrane-tethering protein complexes, HOPS, and CORVET. Whole exome sequencing identified a novel VPS33A mutation in a patient suffering from a variant form of mucopolysaccharidosis. Electron and confocal microscopy, immunoblotting, and glycosphingolipid trafficking experiments were undertaken to investigate the effects of the mutant VPS33A in patient-derived skin fibroblasts.

Successful Dietary Therapy in Paediatric Crohn's Disease is Associated with Shifts in Bacterial Dysbiosis and Inflammatory Metabotype Towards Healthy Controls.

Background And Aims: Nutritional therapy with the Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet + Partial Enteral Nutrition [CDED+PEN] or Exclusive Enteral Nutrition [EEN] induces remission and reduces inflammation in mild-to-moderate paediatric Crohn's disease [CD]. We aimed to assess if reaching remission with nutritional therapy is mediated by correcting compositional or functional dysbiosis.

Methods: We assessed metagenome sequences, short chain fatty acids [SCFA] and bile acids [BA] in 54 paediatric CD patients reaching remission after nutritional therapy [with CDED + PEN or EEN] [NCT01728870], compared to 26 paediatric healthy controls.

Waning effectiveness of the third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine.

The duration of protection of the third (booster) dose of the BioNTech/Pfizer BNT162b2 mRNA Coronavirus Disease 2019 vaccine has been the subject of recent investigations, as global discussions around the necessity and effectiveness of a fourth dose are already underway. By conducting a retrospective study implementing a test-negative case-control design, analyzing 546,924 PCR tests performed throughout January 2022 by 389,265 persons who received at least two doses, we find that the effectiveness in each month-since-vaccination decreases significantly. Compared to those vaccinated five months prior to the outcome period, on August 2021, relative protection against infection waned from 53.

Metabolome Changes With Diet-Induced Remission in Pediatric Crohn's Disease.

Background & Aims: The Crohn's disease (CD) exclusion diet (CDED) plus partial enteral nutrition (PEN) and exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) both induce remission in pediatric CD. CDED+PEN is better tolerated and able to sustain remission. We characterized the changes in fecal metabolites induced by CDED+PEN and EEN and their relationship with remission.

Is there an association between the length of the second stage of labour and urinary incontinence in multiparous women?

Objectives: It is unclear whether the length of the second stage of labour plays a role in the development of urinary incontinence (UI). This study aimed to investigate the association between the cumulative length of the second stage of labour in multiparous women and UI.

Methods: This was a longitudinal cohort study of women who had undergone three vaginal deliveries (VDs) between 2008 and 2017.

Emergence of Mycobacterium canariasense infections in central Israel.

In 2018, Mycobacterium canariasense bloodstream infection was diagnosed in Israel. Further investigation had identified additional five cases in three medical centers, including isolates from blood (1), cornea (1), and sputum (3). Isolates were susceptible to all the antimicrobial tested.

Mechanical vs Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients Younger Than 70 Years of Age: A Hazard Ratio Meta-analysis.

Background: The choice between mechanical valves (MVs) and bioprosthetic valves (BVs) in patients undergoing aortic valve surgery is complex, requiring a balance between the inferior durability of BV and the indicated long-term anticoagulation therapy with MV. This is especially challenging in the middle age group (< 70 years), which has seen an increased use of BV over recent years.

Methods: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs), observational studies using propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability weighting (IPW) was conducted to examine the clinical outcomes of patients < 70 years of age undergoing aortic valve replacement.

Sero-Prevalence and Sero-Incidence of Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in Health Care Workers in Israel, Prior to Mass COVID-19 Vaccination.

This study aims to examine the prevalence and risk factors of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sero-positivity in health care workers (HCWs), a main risk group, and assess the sero-incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection between the first and second waves of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Israel. A longitudinal study was conducted among 874 HCWs from nine hospitals. Demographics, health information, and blood samples were obtained at baseline (first wave-April-May 2020) and at follow-up ( = 373) (second wave-September-November 2020).

BNT162b2 vaccine breakthrough: clinical characteristics of 152 fully vaccinated hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Israel.

Objectives: The mRNA coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have shown high effectiveness in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19, hospitalization, severe disease and death. Nevertheless, a minority of vaccinated individuals might become infected and experience significant morbidity. Characteristics of vaccine breakthrough infections have not been studied.

A Case-Based Approach to New Directions in Dietary Therapy of Crohn's Disease: Food for Thought.

Recent evidence has demonstrated that Crohn's disease may have its roots in dysbiosis of the microbiome and other environmental factors. One of the strongest risk factors linked to immune activation appears to be diet. Exclusion diets have been shown to ameliorate inflammation and induce remission in 70-80% of treatment-naïve children at disease onset, and to induce remission in patients that lose response or are refractory to currently recommended medical therapy.

Differentiating Multifocal Choroiditis and Punctate Inner Choroidopathy: A Cluster Analysis Approach.

Purpose: To develop a robust approach to clinical phenotyping of multifocal choroiditis (MFC) and punctate inner choroidopathy (PIC).

Design: Cross-sectional and longitudinal observational study.

Methods: This multicenter study included sites in the United Kingdom and Israel.

The first UK national blepharospasm patient and public involvement day; identifying priorities.

Purpose: We describe the planning and outcomes of the first 'Blepharospasm Day' in the UK. Blepharospasm is a distressing condition for patients and carers. Our 'patient and public involvement' event aimed to: cultivate a more informed patient group via active dialogue, help clinicians more effectively prioritise research and to facilitate peer-to-peer support for affected patients and public.

Evaluation of clinically and physiologically atypical asthma: If it doesn't wheeze it may still be asthma.

Objective: Children with asthma-like symptoms may not clinically wheeze. The objectives of this study were to evaluate if children, without physician-documented wheeze, wheeze during bronchial-challenge-testing (BCT), and if measurements of OSat and respiratory rate during BCT improve the BCT sensitivity?

Methods: Seven hundred and twenty-four children, who were referred for suspicion of asthma, performed a BCT. Positive BCT was determined by the provocation concentration (PC) which resulted in a 20% decrease in FEV (PC), (in those who were able to perform spirometry, group B), or (in those unable to perform spirometry, group A) a 50% increase in respiratory rate (PC), or a 5% decrease in oxygen-saturation (PC) or appearance of wheezing (PC).

The effect of working in an infection isolation room on hospital nurses' job satisfaction.

Aims: To examine how the nature of working in a carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae infection isolation room affects nurses' job performance and job satisfaction.

Background: Job satisfaction is under intensive research as a factor in the retention of nursing staff.

Methods: In a cross-sectional design study, a convenience sample of 87 registered nurses who had worked in carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolation rooms in a tertiary medical centre in Israel answered a self-administered questionnaire.

Long-Term Outcomes of Medication Intervention Using the Screening Tool of Older Persons Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions Screening Tool to Alert Doctors to Right Treatment Criteria.

Objectives: To compare 24-month outcomes of participants of a prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) assigned to undergo a medication intervention of orally communicated recommendations based on Screening Tool of Older Persons potentially inappropriate Prescriptions (STOPP) and Screening Tool to Alert Doctors to Right Treatment (START) (intervention group) with outcomes of those assigned to undergo written medication review (control group).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Chronic care geriatric facility.

Mortality in Dravet syndrome.

We measured the mortality rate and the rate of Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP) in Dravet Syndrome (DS). We studied a cohort of 100 consecutively recruited, unrelated patients with DS; 87 had SCN1A mutations. Living cases had a median follow-up of 17 years.

Outcomes Associated With Isolated Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum: A Meta-analysis.

Context: Antenatal counseling in cases of agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is challenging.

Objectives: To ascertain the outcome in fetuses with isolated complete ACC and partial ACC.

Data Sources: Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases.

To proceed or not to proceed: ENT surgery in paediatric patients with acute upper respiratory tract infection.

Background: Upper respiratory tract infection is the most common non-preventable cause of surgery cancellation. Consequently, surgeons and anaesthesiologists involved in elective ENT surgical procedures frequently face a dilemma of whether to proceed or to postpone surgery in affected children.

Methods: A literature review was conducted and a practical assessment algorithm proposed.

Radiographic templating of total hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fractures.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of pre-operative digital templating to minimize complications including limb length discrepancy (LLD), intraoperative fractures and early dislocations in patients with intracapsular femoral neck fractures.

Methods: We retrospectively compared 23 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) for intracapsular femoral fractures with pre-operative digital templating and 48 patients without templating.

Results: The mean post-operative LLD was significantly lower in patients who had pre-operative templating than in the control group (6.

The impact of facility characteristics on the use of antipsychotic medications in nursing homes: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Antipsychotic medications (APMs) are commonly prescribed in nursing homes (NHs) and their excessive use raises concerns about the quality of care. They are often seen as "chemical restraints", and were shown to increase morbidity and mortality risks in NH residents. The objective of this study was to investigate the variability in prevalence in APM use in a sample of Israeli NHs and to examine the effect of facility characteristics on the use of APMs.