Stimulation conditions leading to electrical vestibular co-stimulation in cochlear implant users.

Objectives: The study objective was to investigate the influence of electrical stimulus properties on cervical and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials to electrical stimulation by cochlear implants (e-cVEMPs, e-oVEMPs).

Methods: E-VEMPs were recorded in adult Nucleus cochlear implant (CI) patients using electric pulse trains (4 biphasic pulses at 1000 Hz burst rate). Ground path and stimulation electrodes were varied between monopolar stimulation at basal electrode contact E3 (MP1 + 2 E3), monopolar stimulation at apical electrode contact E20 (MP1 + 2 E20), and bipolar transmodiolar stimulation between E3 and E14 (BP E3-E14).

Self-administered mindfulness interventions reduce stress in a large, randomized controlled multi-site study.

Mindfulness witnessed a substantial popularity surge in the past decade, especially as digitally self-administered interventions became available at relatively low costs. Yet, it is uncertain whether they effectively help reduce stress. In a preregistered (OSF https://doi.

Systematic approaches to assessing high-temperature limits to fertility in animals.

Critical thermal limits (CTLs) gauge the physiological impact of temperature on survival or critical biological function, aiding predictions of species range shifts and climatic resilience. Two recent Drosophila species studies, using similar approaches to determine temperatures that induce sterility (thermal fertility limits [TFLs]), reveal that TFLs are often lower than CTLs and that TFLs better predict both current species distributions and extinction probability. Moreover, many studies show fertility is more sensitive at less extreme temperatures than survival (thermal sensitivity of fertility [TSF]).

Developmental heat stress interrupts spermatogenesis inducing early male sterility in Drosophila melanogaster.

Thermal stress leads to fertility reduction, can cause temporal sterility and thus results in fitness loss with severe ecological and evolutionary consequences, e.g., threatening species persistence already at sub-lethal temperatures.

In Vivo Cross-Linking and Co-Immunoprecipitation Procedure to Analyze Nuclear tRNA Export Complexes in Yeast Cells.

tRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that are predominantly known for their roles in protein synthesis and also participate in numerous other functions ranging from retroviral replication to apoptosis. In eukaryotic cells, all tRNAs move bidirectionally, shuttling between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Bidirectional nuclear-cytoplasmic tRNA trafficking requires a complex set of conserved proteins.

The Psychological Science Accelerator's COVID-19 rapid-response dataset.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Psychological Science Accelerator coordinated three large-scale psychological studies to examine the effects of loss-gain framing, cognitive reappraisals, and autonomy framing manipulations on behavioral intentions and affective measures. The data collected (April to October 2020) included specific measures for each experimental study, a general questionnaire examining health prevention behaviors and COVID-19 experience, geographical and cultural context characterization, and demographic information for each participant. Each participant started the study with the same general questions and then was randomized to complete either one longer experiment or two shorter experiments.

Recovery from heat-induced infertility-A study of reproductive tissue responses and fitness consequences in male .

The predicted temperature increase caused by climate change is a threat to biodiversity. Across animal taxa, male reproduction is often sensitive to elevated temperatures leading to fertility loss, and in more adverse scenarios, this can result in sterility when males reach their upper thermal fertility limit. Here, we investigate temperature-induced changes in reproductive tissues, fertility reduction, sterility, and the associated fitness loss during the subsequent recovery phase in male .

Aliovalent anion substitution as a design concept for heteroanionic Ruddlesden-Popper hydrides.

Substituting 2 O ⇒ N + H in LiLaHO yields dark-brown heteroanionic hydrides, which were synthesized by solid-state reactions from LiN, LaH (and LaO). They crystallize in the KNiF type structure with mixed H/N sites in LiLaNH and with mixed N/O sites in LiLaNHO. The latter is a semiconductor with small band gap and partly covalent Li-H interaction.

Use of δO in dating a Tibetan ice core record of Holocene/Late Glacial climate.

Ice cores from the northwestern Tibetan Plateau (NWTP) contain long records of regional climate variability, but refrozen meltwater and dust in these cores has hampered development of robust timescales. Here, we introduce an approach to dating the ice via the isotopic composition of atmospheric O in air bubbles (δO), along with annual layer counting and radiocarbon dating. We provide a robust chronology for water isotope records (δO and d-excess) from three ice cores from the Guliya ice cap in the NWTP.

Biomarkers in Liquid Biopsies for Prediction of Early Liver Metastases in Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive solid malignancies with poor survival rates. Only 20% of the patients are eligible for R0-surgical resection, presenting with early relapses, mainly in the liver. PDAC patients with hepatic metastases have a worse outcome compared to patients with metastases at other sites.

In COVID-19 Health Messaging, Loss Framing Increases Anxiety with Little-to-No Concomitant Benefits: Experimental Evidence from 84 Countries.

The COVID-19 pandemic (and its aftermath) highlights a critical need to communicate health information effectively to the global public. Given that subtle differences in information framing can have meaningful effects on behavior, behavioral science research highlights a pressing question: Is it more effective to frame COVID-19 health messages in terms of potential losses (e.g.

Predicting disease progression in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia.

Introduction: The behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is a rare neurodegenerative disease. Reliable predictors of disease progression have not been sufficiently identified. We investigated multivariate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarker profiles for their predictive value of individual decline.

Stress in paradise: effects of elevated corticosterone on immunity and avian malaria resilience in a Hawaiian passerine.

Vertebrates confronted with challenging environments often experience an increase in circulating glucocorticoids, which result in morphological, physiological and behavioral changes that promote survival. However, chronically elevated glucocorticoids can suppress immunity, which may increase susceptibility to disease. Since the introduction of avian malaria to Hawaii a century ago, low-elevation populations of Hawaii Amakihi (Chlorodrepanis virens) have undergone strong selection by avian malaria and evolved increased resilience (the ability to recover from infection), while populations at high elevation with few vectors have not undergone selection and remain susceptible.

A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased negative emotions and decreased positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes might have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we tested the effectiveness of reappraisal, an emotion-regulation strategy that modifies how one thinks about a situation.

Estimating the Lactate Threshold Using Wireless Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Threshold Detection Analyses.

The present investigation examined the ability of two threshold detection analyses (maximum distance, Dmax; modified maximum distance, mDmax) in identifying the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) threshold, a lactate threshold (LT) estimate, from exercising tissue oxygen saturation (StO) responses. Additionally, the test-retest reliability of exercising StO and total hemoglobin concentration (THC) responses were examined at moderate and peak cycling intensities. Fourteen healthy, recreationally active participants performed maximal incremental step cycling tests (+25 W / 3 minutes) to volitional fatigue on two separate occasions while StO and THC of the vastus lateralis were monitored.

Relationships between avian malaria resilience and corticosterone, testosterone and prolactin in a Hawaiian songbird.

Glucocorticoids, androgens, and prolactin regulate metabolism and reproduction, but they also play critical roles in immunomodulation. Since the introduction of avian malaria to Hawaii a century ago, low elevation populations of the Hawaii Amakihi (Chlorodrepanis virens) that have experienced strong selection by avian malaria have evolved increased resilience (the ability to recover from infection), while high elevation populations that have undergone weak selection remain less resilient. We investigated how variation in malaria selection has affected corticosterone, testosterone, and prolactin hormone levels in Amakihi during the breeding season.

Mid-German Sepsis Cohort (MSC): a prospective observational study of sepsis survivorship.

Purpose: The Mid-German Sepsis Cohort (MSC) aims to investigate mid-term and long-term functional disabilities in sepsis survivors from intensive care unit (ICU) discharge until 1 year after. Secondary, post-acute mortality and morbidity, health-related quality of life and healthcare utilisation will be investigated.

Participants: The MSC comprises adult (aged ≥18 years) patients who were treated for (severe) sepsis or septic shock on ICU.

Rotation of a strongly coupled dust cluster in plasma by the torque of an electron beam.

A 1-mm-size cluster composed of 10 dust particles immersed in plasma is rotated by the torque of a pulsed electron beam with energy in the range 8-12 keV. The dust particles are electrically charged spheres with radius 5.9 μm and are levitated in the plasma sheath, forming a round, planar, Coulomb-coupled cluster.

Muscle blood flow is independent of conduit artery diameter following prior vasodilation in males.

At the onset of exercise in humans, muscle blood flow (MBF) increases to a new steady-state that closely matches the metabolic demand of exercise. This increase has been attributed to "contraction-induced vasodilation," comprised of the skeletal muscle pump and rapid vasodilatory mechanisms. While most research in this area has focused on forearm blood flow (FBF) and vascular conductance, it is possible that separating FBF into diameter and blood velocity can provide more useful information on MBF regulation downstream of the conduit artery.