24,588 results match your criteria: "Wisc.; and University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health[Affiliation]"

Objectives: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by multisystem, including neuropsychiatric, involvement. The nervous system is affected in 20-27 % of patients within approximately two years after diagnosis. This study aimed to examine neurocognitive impairment in childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) patients before the development of any neurological, psychiatric, or cognitive manifestations.

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Proposing Bromo-epi-androsterone (BEA) for perioperative neurocognitive disorders with Interleukin-6 as a druggable target.

J Clin Anesth

February 2025

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, United States of America. Electronic address:

Cognitive impairment following surgery is a significant complication, affecting multiple neurocognitive domains. The term "perioperative neurocognitive disorders" (PND) is recommended to encompass this entity. Individuals who develop PND are typically older and have increases in serum and brain pro-inflammatory cytokines notwithstanding the type of surgery undergone.

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Intracellular metal ion-based chemistry for programmed cell death.

Chem Soc Rev

January 2025

Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.

Intracellular metal ions play essential roles in multiple physiological processes, including catalytic action, diverse cellular processes, intracellular signaling, and electron transfer. It is crucial to maintain intracellular metal ion homeostasis which is achieved by the subtle balance of storage and release of metal ions intracellularly along with the influx and efflux of metal ions at the interface of the cell membrane. Dysregulation of intracellular metal ions has been identified as a key mechanism in triggering programmed cell death (PCD).

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Using Machine Learning to Predict Weight Gain in Adults: an Observational Analysis From the All of Us Research Program.

J Surg Res

December 2024

Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; Department of Surgery, William S. Middleton Memorial VA, Madison, Wisconsin. Electronic address:

Introduction: Obesity, defined as a body mass index ≥30 kg/m, is a major public health concern in the United States. Preventative approaches are essential, but they are limited by an inability to accurately predict individuals at highest risk of weight gain. Our objective was to develop accurate weight gain prediction models using the National Institutes of Health All of Us dataset.

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Background: Advance provision of medication abortion, or the prescription of mifepristone and misoprostol before pregnancy occurs, is an unexplored care model aimed at expanding abortion access. We examine motivations for obtaining advance provision from the online telemedicine service, Aid Access, which supports people in the United States.

Methods: Between May and November 2023, we conducted semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 39 people who obtained advance provision between January 2022 and April 2023.

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Bilateral internal superior laryngeal nerve injections for unexplained chronic cough.

Am J Otolaryngol

December 2024

Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, United States of America. Electronic address:

Objective: Internal Superior laryngeal nerve (iSLN) injections with steroids and anesthetic for Unexplained Chronic Cough (UCC) was initially described as a unilateral injection. This study reports the safety profile and patient-reported outcomes of concurrent bilateral iSLN injections for UCC.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have recently garnered considerable concerns regarding their impacts on human and ecological health. Despite the important roles of polyamide membranes in remediating PFASs-contaminated water, the governing factors influencing PFAS transport across these membranes remain elusive. In this study, we investigate PFAS rejection by polyamide membranes using two machine learning (ML) models, namely XGBoost and multimodal transformer models.

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The genomes of human gut bacteria in the genus Bacteroides include numerous operons for biosynthesis of diverse capsular polysaccharides (CPSs). The first two genes of each CPS operon encode a locus-specific paralog of transcription elongation factor NusG (called UpxY), which enhances transcript elongation, and a UpxZ protein that inhibits noncognate UpxYs. This process, together with promoter inversions, ensures that a single CPS operon is transcribed in most cells.

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Aquatic herbicides are commonly used to control a variety of non-native plants. One common active ingredient used in commercial herbicide formulations globally is 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Though 2,4-D is used in aquatic ecosystems, no studies have investigated cellular, biochemical, and transcriptional effects or mechanisms of 2,4-D exposure on fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) throughout juvenile development.

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Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure and preeclampsia risk: Impaired angiogenesis through suppression of VEGF signaling.

Reprod Toxicol

December 2024

Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. Electronic address:

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are linked to preeclampsia (PE), a condition involving abnormal angiogenesis. Prior research on this association has been inconclusive. We investigated the relationship between maternal PFAS exposure and PE risk in Wisconsin.

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Objective: To investigate the association between the secular decrease in treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and trends in neonatal mortality and morbidity in infants born at 26 0/7-28 6/7 weeks' gestation.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study including infants born between 2012 and 2021 in continually participating hospitals in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. The primary composite outcome was defined as surgical necrotizing enterocolitis, grade 2-3 bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), severe intraventricular hemorrhage, or death.

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Solid phase extraction chromatography-based radiochemical isolation of cyclotron-produced Mn from enriched Fe targets.

Nucl Med Biol

December 2024

University of Wisconsin Department of Medical Physics, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, United States of America; University of Wisconsin Department of Radiology, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792, United States of America. Electronic address:

We report DGA extraction chromatography isolation of Mn from isotopically enriched Fe. The method has been studied in semi-automated and automated realizations. The former achieves a decay corrected radiochemical yield of 78 ± 1 % (n = 3) and a separation factor of (1.

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Optogenetic systems utilize genetically encoded light-sensitive proteins to control cellular processes such as gene expression and protein localization. Like most synthetic systems, generation of an optogenetic system with desirable properties requires multiple design-test-build cycles. A yeast optogenetic toolkit (yOTK) allows rapid assembly of optogenetic constructs using Modular Cloning, or MoClo.

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To determine the clinical utility of teleneuropsychology (teleNP) services in screening for cognitive concerns in a population of children and adolescents presenting with long COVID. This cross-sectional study evaluated 76 pediatric patients (64% female, = 13.48,  = 2.

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Aim: To describe the cortical brain development and full-IQ performance in middle school age children after extremely preterm (EPT) birth considering discrete white matter abnormalities (WMA). In addition, to assess possible early motor predictors of cortical brain development and full-IQ in children born EPT with and without discrete WMA diagnosed at 10 years.

Methods: T1-weighted MRI images from fifty-one children born before 27 weeks' gestation and 40 full-term born controls (M=10.

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Background: Threats to groundwater quality pose health risks to private well owners. Knowledge gaps are the main reason for low testing rates. Yet, few studies have examined the extent to which community-informed resource distribution increases knowledge and promotes private well testing.

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8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) is a common oxidative DNA lesion that causes G > T substitutions. Determinants of local and regional differences in 8-oxoG-induced mutability across genomes are currently unknown. Here, we show DNA oxidation induces G > T substitutions and insertion/deletion (INDEL) mutations in human cells and cancers.

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The purpose of this study was to conduct a conceptual replication of Pendergast et al.'s (2018) study that examined the diagnostic accuracy of a nomogram procedure, also known as a naive Bayesian approach. The specific naive Bayesian approach combined academic and social-emotional and behavioral (SEB) screening data to predict student performance on a state end-of-year achievement test.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing an essential oil blend (0.16 g/kg DM of carvacrol, eugenol, thymol, and capsaicin) and monensin (17.6 mg/kg DM TMR) on lactation performance, feeding behavior, and rumen fermentation of high-producing dairy cows.

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The HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study, a multi-site prospective longitudinal cohort study, will examine human brain, cognitive, behavioral, social, and emotional development beginning prenatally and planned through early childhood. The goal is to recruit over 7000 caregiver-child dyads across the United States, with 25 % of the study population comprising children exposed in utero to substances to better understanding the effects of prenatal substance exposure on fetal and child development. However, barriers of mistrust for pregnant persons who are substance involved can create challenges to recruiting and retaining this population.

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Waterhemp emergence response to exogenous application of gibberellic and abscisic acids.

BMC Plant Biol

December 2024

Department of Plant and Agroecosystem Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1575 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.

Background: The exogenous application of phytohormones to manipulate weed seed germination and emergence is a potential avenue for exploring alternative integrated weed management strategies. Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of exogenous applications of the phytohormones gibberellic acid (GA3) and abscisic acid (ABA) on waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus [Moq.]) emergence.

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Short- and long-term alterations of hematopoietic cell lineages in rats with congenital iron deficiency.

Blood Cells Mol Dis

December 2024

Pediatrics, School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America. Electronic address:

Data support that fetal iron delivery is prioritized to hemoglobin in erythrocytes (RBC). Iron deficiency (ID) during pregnancy can cause congenital ID, i.e.

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Protocol for artificial intelligence-guided neural control using deep reinforcement learning and infrared neural stimulation.

STAR Protoc

December 2024

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, the Center for Implantable Devices, and the Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. Electronic address:

Closed-loop neural control is a powerful tool for both the scientific exploration of neural function and for mitigating deficiencies found in open-loop deep brain stimulation (DBS). Here, we present a protocol for artificial intelligence-guided neural control in rats using deep reinforcement learning (RL) and infrared neural stimulation (INS). We describe steps for integrating RL closed-loop control into neuroscience and neuromodulation studies.

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The objective of this study was to assess the applicability of a computer vision-based keypoint detection technique to extract mobility variables associated with mobility scores from top-view 2-dimensional (2D) videos of dairy cows. In addition, the study determined the potential of a machine learning classification model to predict mobility scores based on the newly extracted mobility variables. A data set of 256 video clips of individual cows was collected, with each clip recorded from a top-view perspective while the cows were walking.

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