In Vitro Antimicrobial Efficacy Assessment of Ethanolic, Aqueous, and Dual Solvent Extracts of Mushroom : Genomic and Morphological Analysis.

Infectious diseases caused by bacteria are life-threating and are among the major causes of death in the world. Antibiotics have offered humans a new approach to infection control. Antibiotics are reckoned as the "magic bullets" for the fight against bacterial infections, therefore increasing life expectancy and decreasing mortality and morbidity.

The worst of times: Using a transformative mixed-methods study to name and describe school-based adverse racialized experiences (AREs) in the K-12 retrospective accounts of university students.

Objective: This transformative multiphase mixed-methods study aimed to identify the thematic structure of school-based adverse racialized experiences (AREs), their prevalence, and perpetrators in the retrospective K-12 accounts of a sample of racially diverse undergraduate students aged 17-22.

Method: Interpretative analysis of interviews in Phase I informed the design of a vignette survey in Phase II. Qualitative and quantitative methods identified convergent patterns of school-based AREs under the three themes: racial discrimination, racial microaggressions, and racial harassment.

Illusions exist in everyday life with natural stimuli: The banana-bisection Illusion.

We report a novel visual illusion that is present in the natural environment. In attempting to cut a banana in half, many people make the side adjacent to the stem shorter, because they see it as longer than it is. This study tested the presence of the banana bisection illusion with outline drawings and a 3D realistic-looking plastic banana.

Transforming Health Care Delivery: Innovations in Payment Models for Interprofessional Team-Based Care.

By examining the strengths, limitations, and implications of different payment models we seek to inform policymakers, practitioners, and educators on the path toward patient-cen-tered, efficient, and sustainable primary health care deliv-ery. Health care payment model reform should be viewed as an investment in future health asset capacity and equity production rather than an immediate return on investment for short-term health care cost reduction.

Leveraging the strengths of a global network to adapt and sustain interprofessional education and collaborative practice during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic impacted interprofessional education and collaborative practice (IPECP), and global educators collaborated to mitigate the impact. This report reflects the innovations of the global network InterprofessionalResearch.Global (IPR.

A Research-Practice Partnership to Develop the R-CITY Multi-Component, Equity-Focused Social-Emotional Learning Intervention.

There is growing interest in the integration of social-emotional learning (SEL) and equity approaches in schools, yet systematic research on how to blend these two frameworks is limited. In this article, we describe the process by which a research-practice partnership (RPP) collaborated to iteratively co-create a multi-component equity-focused SEL preventive intervention in the context of a politically charged landscape related to the 'dual pandemics' of racial injustice and COVID-19 in the early 2020s. We conducted a document review of informal data sources (e.

A longitudinal study of interprofessional education experiences among health professional graduates.

Effective teamwork and collaboration among health professionals is a well-recognized strategy toward enhancing patient outcomes. However, there is a lack of understanding on how to best prepare health professionals for collaborative practice. The aim of this research is to gain a better understanding of how graduates of five health professions (dentistry, medicine, nursing, pharmacy, physiotherapy) perceive and experience interprofessional education for collaborative practice (IPECP) throughout their health professions journey, with a focus on transition to practice.

Strategic Learning Strategies of Doctor of Physical Therapy Students.

Introduction: The use of strategic learning strategies has been positively associated with academic performance in several graduate health profession programs. This finding suggests that it may be an important construct to explore in Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) education. The Learning and Study Strategies Inventory (LASSI) summarizes a student's perception and use of 10 learning and study strategies.

Characterization of spray-dried plasma-induced immune response in Salmonella-challenged broiler chicks.

Spray-dried plasma (SDP) is a functional feed additive that has been established to improve performance and health of livestock. Understanding the effect of SDP in immune response modulation is essential to optimize its use for controlling Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) infection in chickens. This study was conducted to determine the levels of expression of selected cytokine genes in the ileum and cecal tonsil of SE-challenged broiler chicks.

The intersection of Interprofessional Education and One Health: A qualitative study in human and veterinary medical institutions.

Interprofessional Education (IPE) and One Health are two common and overlapping frameworks for teaching collaborative practice. IPE is common at human medical institutions, while One Health is more common in graduate and veterinary programs. The connection between IPE and One Health is still being explored both in scholarship and in real-world professional settings.

Optimizing Concussion Care Seeking: Using Machine Learning to Predict Delayed Concussion Reporting.

Background: Early medical attention after concussion may minimize symptom duration and burden; however, many concussions are undiagnosed or have a delay in diagnosis after injury. Many concussion symptoms (eg, headache, dizziness) are not visible, meaning that early identification is often contingent on individuals reporting their injury to medical staff. A fundamental understanding of the types and levels of factors that explain when concussions are reported can help identify promising directions for intervention.

Enhancing undergraduate education and research in aging to eliminate health disparities (ENGAGED) - A pipeline program to advance diversity in aging research.

The Enhancing Undergraduate Education and Research in Aging to Eliminate Health Disparities (ENGAGED) program takes advantage of the broad, multidisciplinary research established in the area of aging at Wake Forest University School of Medicine and its partner institutions, Wake Forest University and Winston-Salem State University. The ENGAGED program is designed to provide undergraduate students who are underrepresented in the biomedical sciences an opportunity to participate in educational and research training in aging and health disparities. Funded since August 2019, ENGAGED has provided 73 academic year internships and 46 summer internships, with another 8 internships starting in Fall 2023.

From Good Citizens to Bad Apples? The Effect of Boredom Proneness: A Moral Licensing Perspective.

Although boredom proneness has been well-studied, there is still an ongoing scholarly debate about whether boredom can move individuals to act counterproductively or productively. Drawing from a moral licensing perspective, this study empirically investigates how boredom proneness influences interpersonal citizenship behavior (ICB), moral meaningfulness, and interpersonal deviance over time. Utilizing a total of 328 three-wave panel data obtained via Amazon Mechanical Turk during a three-month period, we find the following results.

The Consequences of Misdiagnosing Race-Based Trauma Response in Black Men: A Critical Examination.

Mental illness is a significant public health concern prevalent in America. Over one in five U.S.

Review of Prodrug and Nanodelivery Strategies to Improve the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer with Fluoropyrimidine Drugs.

Fluoropyrimidine (FP) drugs are central components of combination chemotherapy regimens for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). FP-based chemotherapy has improved survival outcomes over the last several decades with much of the therapeutic benefit derived from the optimization of dose and delivery. To provide further advances in therapeutic efficacy, next-generation prodrugs and nanodelivery systems for FPs are being developed.

Mechanisms Underlying the Rarity of Skeletal Muscle Cancers.

Skeletal muscle (SKM), despite comprising ~40% of body mass, rarely manifests cancer. This review explores the mechanisms that help to explain this rarity, including unique SKM architecture and function, which prohibits the development of new cancer as well as negates potential metastasis to SKM. SKM also presents a unique immune environment that may magnify the anti-tumorigenic effect.

Intersectionality and school racial climate to create schools as sites of fairness and liberation for Black girls.

Within this article, we utilize intersectionality theory as a framework for understanding the experiences of Black girls who attend PK-12 schools in the United States. Black girls' experiences are then illuminated within the context of the school racial climate research. We then add an intersectional lens to the school racial climate research to demonstrate how specific aspects of the school environment influence the experiences and perceptions of Black girls and their developmental outcomes.

"Mild", "Moderate", or "Severe" Carpal Tunnel Syndrome? Depends on Who You Ask: Analysis of Existing Classification Systems in 665 Hands.

Objectives: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy in the body and impacts approximately 5% of the U.S. population costing nearly $5 billion/year.

Median Nerve Cross-Sectional Area and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Specific Populations: Sonographic Analysis of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes or Bifid Anatomy.

Objectives: Evaluate diagnostic accuracy of median nerve cross-sectional area (CSA) to determine severity versus presence of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) across existing electrodiagnostic-based (EDX) classification systems in patients with type 2 diabetes or bifid anatomy.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of cross-sectional patient data. Receiver operating characteristic analysis used to determine median nerve CSA cutoff values and associated diagnostic likelihood ratios for all consolidated and binary EDX-based classifications of CTS in patients with type 2 diabetes or bifid anatomy.

Sonographic Measurement of Median Nerve Cross-Sectional Area to Determine Severity of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Cautionary Tale.

Objectives: Evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of median nerve cross-sectional area (CSA) to determine the severity of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) vs the presence of CTS across existing electrodiagnostic-based (EDX) classification systems.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of cross-sectional patient data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine CSA cutoff values and associated diagnostic likelihood ratios for all consolidated and binary EDX-based classifications of CTS severity.

Direct and indirect effects of adiposity on markers of autonomic nervous system activity in older adults.

Several cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (e.g., hypertension, poor glycemic control) can affect and be affected by autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity.

A review of undergraduate research programs aimed at underrepresented students.

It is well-understood that the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields have unique challenges that discourage recruiting and retaining underrepresented minorities. Research programs aimed at undergraduates have arisen as a critical mechanism for fostering innovation and addressing the challenges faced by underrepresented minorities. Here, we review various undergraduate research programs designed to provide exposure to undergraduates, with a focus on underrepresented minorities in STEM disciplines.