Beta-Thalassemia in Adulthood Previously Suspected as Treatment-Resistant Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Case Report.

Beta-thalassemia (β-thalassemia) is a hematologic genetic condition that causes microcytic anemia due to defective synthesis of the hemoglobin beta chain. As a hypochromic microcytic anemia that is commonly associated with symptoms such as fatigue and pallor when identified in adulthood, β-thalassemia may be commonly underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed as iron deficiency anemia. This study presents a case of a patient with β-thalassemia who was initially misdiagnosed with treatment-resistant iron deficiency anemia.