Metabolic Patterns of Fluconazole Resistant and Susceptible Clade V and I.

, an emerging non- multidrug-resistant yeast, has become a significant cause of invasive candidiasis in healthcare settings. So far, data on the metabolites of in different clades are minimal, and no studies have focused on clade V metabolites. Therefore, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for the metabolomic profiling of clade I compared with fluconazole-resistant and susceptible in clade V strains.

Medication Adherence to Direct Oral Anticoagulants: Extent and Impact of Side Effects.

Purpose: Arterial and venous thromboembolism are a leading cause of mortality. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are highly effective in both stroke prevention and prevention of venous thrombotic events. Medication adherence is a prerequisite for optimal protection against thromboembolic complications.

Residual breast tissue after mastectomy and reconstruction: A substudy of the Spatial location of breast cancer local rECurRence aftEr masTectomy (SECRET) project.

Unlabelled: The current project is part of the Spatial location of breast cancer local rECurRence aftEr masTectomy (SECRET) study (NCT06130111). Herein we compared the chest wall thickness after non-skin sparing mastectomy (non-SSM) with the chest wall thickness after SSM, as a surrogate for residual breast tissue after mastectomy.

Methods: The study was approved by the ethics committee of relevant institutions.

Rapid CD4 cell count determination and and antigen detection in people living with HIV: Implementation of a package of care strategy in a pilot study, Argentina.

Objectives: Despite advancements in HIV diagnosis and treatment, advanced HIV disease (AHD) is still a significant concern worldwide, especially in countries with a high percentage of undiagnosed cases and late-stage diagnoses.

Methods: A prospective pilot study was conducted in Buenos Aires, Argentina to assess the feasibility of implementing a package for people living with HIV, integrating a point-of-care clusters of differentiation (CD4) test, followed by rapid and antigen (Ag) detection.

Results: A total of 105 people living with HIV were enrolled, during June 2021 to October 2021.

Free cortisol and free 21-deoxycortisol in the clinical evaluation of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Context: Some patients with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) survive without glucocorticoid treatment. Increased precursor concentrations in these patients might lead to higher free (biological active) cortisol concentrations by influencing the cortisol-protein binding. In 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD), the most common CAH form, accumulated 21-deoxycortisol (21DF) may further increase glucocorticoid activity.

RSV and rhinovirus increase pneumococcal carriage acquisition and density, whereas nasal inflammation is associated with bacterial shedding.

Epidemiological studies report the impact of co-infection with pneumococcus and respiratory viruses upon disease rates and outcomes, but their effect on pneumococcal carriage acquisition and bacterial load is scarcely described. Here, we assess this by combining natural viral infection with controlled human pneumococcal infection in 581 healthy adults screened for upper respiratory tract viral infection before intranasal pneumococcal challenge. Across all adults, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rhinovirus asymptomatic infection confer a substantial increase in secondary infection with pneumococcus.

Occipital nerve stimulation for cluster headache: lessons to learn from the 'voltage tuners'.

Background: Cluster headache (CH) is a significant health concern due to its major socioeconomic consequences and most patients being refractory to conventional strategies. For treatment resistant CH, occipital nerve stimulation (ONS) is considered an effective treatment option. Whereas most patients do not adjust the amplitude of the ONS system, a subset changes the amplitude on a regular basis using their remote control, and are therefore referred to as 'voltage tuners'.

Clinical Consensus Statement on the Use of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence-guided Surgery in Pediatric Patients.

Background And Aims: Indocyanine Green Fluorescence (ICG-F)- guided surgery is becoming an increasingly helpful tool in pediatric surgical care. This consensus statement investigates the utility of ICG-F in various pediatric surgical applications, primarily focusing on its evidence base, safety, indications, use across different surgical specialties and dosing strategies. The aim is to establish an international consensus for ICG-F use in pediatric surgery.

Personalised medicine in juvenile dermatomyositis: From novel insights in disease mechanisms to changes in clinical practice.

Juvenile dermatomyositis is characterized by childhood-onset chronic inflammation of the muscles and skin, with potential involvement of other organs. Patients are at risk for long-term morbidity due to insufficient disease control and steroid-related toxicity. Personalised treatment is challenged by a lack of validated tools that can reliably predict treatment response and monitor ongoing (subclinical) inflammation, and by a lack of evidence regarding the best choice of medication for individual patients.

Collaborating with non-radiological clinical colleagues.

Paediatric radiology is a challenging and intriguing subspecialty, dealing with children, guardians and non-radiological clinical colleagues. Paediatric radiologists are routinely in contact with numerous paediatric and surgical subspecialties, all having different needs, perceptions, prioritisations and expectations. Moreover, the radiologist is part of the team of radiographers, sonographers, nurses and secretaries, assisted by appropriate equipment and electronic tools.

Discovering novel germline genetic variants linked to severe fluoropyrimidine-related toxicity in- and outside DPYD.

Background: The Alpe-DPD study (NCT02324452) demonstrated that prospective genotyping and dose-individualization using four alleles in DPYD (DPYD*2A/rs3918290, c.1236G > A/rs75017182, c.2846A > T/rs67376798 and c.

CFTR and colorectal cancer susceptibility: an urgent need for further studies.

Mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene result in cystic fibrosis, a multiorgan disease characterized by aberrant epithelial cell fluid secretion. Recent studies describe a connection between CFTR malfunctioning and a heightened susceptibility to colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we outline these links and suggest directions for further studies.

Physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and childhood asthma: a European collaborative analysis.

Objectives: To investigate the associations of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour in early childhood with asthma and reduced lung function in later childhood within a large collaborative study.

Design: Pooling of longitudinal data from collaborating birth cohorts using meta-analysis of separate cohort-specific estimates and analysis of individual participant data of all cohorts combined.

Setting: Children aged 0-18 years from 26 European birth cohorts.

E148Q variant: a familial Mediterranean fever-causing mutation or a sequence variant?

Unlabelled: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive autoinflammatory disease, linked to mutations in the MEFV gene. The p.E148Q variant, found on exon 2, has an uncertain role in FMF, with debates on whether it is a benign polymorphism or a pathogenic mutation.

Validation of the EQ-5D-Y-5L parent-proxy version among children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Objectives: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common type of arthritis among children. It can cause joint pain and permanent physical damage, which affects mobility and daily activities. The EQ-5D-Y-3L self-report version has been validated in JIA, but the validity of EQ-5D-Y-5L remains unknown.

Bone health in childhood low-grade glioma: an understudied problem.

Objective: Children with a supratentorial midline low-grade glioma (LGG) may be at risk for impaired bone health due to hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, obesity, exposure to multiple treatment modalities, and/or decreased mobility. The presence of impaired bone health and/or its severity in this population has been understudied. We aimed to identify the prevalence and risk factors for bone problems in children with supratentorial midline LGG.

Differences in checkpoint-inhibitor-induced hypophysitis: mono- versus combination therapy induced hypophysitis.

Objective: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are revolutionary in oncology but may cause immune-related (IR) side effects, such as hypophysitis. Treatment with anti-PD-(L)1, anti-CTLA-4 or anti-CLTA-4/PD-1 may induce hypophysitis, but little is known about the differences in clinical presentation or need for different treatment. We analyzed the differences of anti-PD-(L)1, anti-CTLA-4 and anti-CTLA-4/PD-1 induced hypophysitis.

Treatments affecting splenic function as a risk factor for valvular heart disease in Childhood Cancer Survivors: A DCCSS-LATER study.

Purpose: Splenectomy might be a risk factor for valvular heart disease (VHD) in adult Hodgkin lymphoma survivors. As this risk is still unclear for childhood cancer survivors (CCS), the aim of this study is to evaluate the association between treatments affecting splenic function (splenectomy and radiotherapy involving the spleen) and VHD in CCS.

Methods: CCS were enrolled from the DCCSS-LATER cohort, consisting of 6,165 five-year CCS diagnosed between 1963 and 2002.

Large-scale genomic investigation of pediatric cholestasis reveals a novel hepatorenal ciliopathy caused by PSKH1 mutations.

Purpose: Pediatric cholestasis is the phenotypic expression of clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders of bile acid synthesis and flow. Although a growing number of monogenic causes of pediatric cholestasis have been identified, the majority of cases remain undiagnosed molecularly.

Methods: In a cohort of 299 pediatric participants (279 families) with intrahepatic cholestasis, we performed exome sequencing as a first-tier diagnostic test.

The burden of pediatric critical illness among pediatric oncology patients in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Pediatric oncology patients have increased risk for critical illness; outcomes are well described in high-income countries (HICs); however, data is limited for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL and Global Health databases for articles in 6 languages describing mortality in children with cancer admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) in LMICs. Two investigators independently assessed eligibility, data quality, and extracted data.