The management of anemia in pediatric peritoneal dialysis patients. Guidelines by an ad hoc European committee.

Anemia is common in chronic renal failure. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of anemia in adult patients are available. With respect to the diagnosis and treatment in children on peritoneal dialysis, the European Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Working Group (EPPWG) has produced guidelines.

The choice of dialysis solutions in pediatric chronic peritoneal dialysis: guidelines by an ad hoc European committee.

Objective: To provide guidelines on choosing dialysis solutions for children on chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD).

Setting: European Paediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Working Group.

Data Source: Literature on the application of PD solutions in children (Evidence), and discussions within the group (Opinion).

Effective treatment of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis with cefazolin and ceftazidime in children.

Objective: To evaluate the use of the combination of cefazolin and ceftazidime for initial treatment of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis in pediatric patients.

Design: Retrospective nonrandomized study.

Setting: Pediatric dialysis units of the University Medical Center of Utrecht and Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Adsorption of erythropoietin and growth hormone to peritoneal dialysis bags and tubing.

Objective: To study the adsorption of erythropoietin and growth hormone to dialysis bags and tubing.

Design: In vitro study in which radiolabeled erythropoietin and recombinant human growth hormone were added to small-volume (50- and 250-mL) dialysis bags. Recovery was measured after 15-minute dwells.

Treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia in children on dialysis by folic acid.

Adult patients with renal failure have a high total homocysteine concentration in plasma. Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Folic acid lowers the homocysteine concentrations in plasma in hyperhomocysteinemia.

Management of adhesive bowel obstruction in children is changed by laparoscopy.

Background: With new advances in diagnostic and therapeutic tools, the early management of adhesive bowel obstruction has become feasible.

Methods: In a retrospective study, 20 children with adhesive bowel obstruction were investigated to assess the possible advantages of the laparoscopic approach.

Results: Laparoscopy was performed in nine children.

The value of 24-h pH study in evaluating the results of laparoscopic antireflux surgery in children.

Background: The performance of laparoscopic antireflux surgery is steadily increasing among pediatric surgeons. Different techniques are being used. However, due to a lack of standardized follow-up methods, postoperative results are difficult to compare.

Laparoscopic approach to surgical management of ovarian cysts in the newborn.

With the improvement of imaging techniques as well as the trend toward routine antenatal ultrasound scanning, the intrauterine diagnosis of fetal ovarian cysts is encountered more frequently. The authors describe the laparoscopic approach to the management of ovarian cysts. This approach is tolerated well by infants, and it may overcome the controversy between conservative and early surgical management by facilitating the subtle transition from diagnostic to therapeutic means, with salvation of the ovary whenever possible.