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Wihuri Research Institute[Affiliation] Publications | LitMetric

614 results match your criteria: "Wihuri Research Institute[Affiliation]"

Endothelial Pim3 kinase protects the vascular barrier during lung metastasis.

Nat Commun

December 2024

Translational Cancer Medicine, Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Endothelial cells (ECs) form a tissue-specific barrier for disseminating cancer cells in distant organs. However, the molecular regulation of the ECs in the metastatic niche remains unclear. Here, we analyze using scRNA-Seq, the transcriptional reprogramming of lung ECs six hours after the arrival of melanoma cells in mouse lungs.

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Drugs for dyslipidaemia: the legacy effect of the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S).

Lancet

December 2024

School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Cardiometabolic Service, Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.

Since the discovery of statins and the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S) results three decades ago, remarkable advances have been made in the treatment of dyslipidaemia, a major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Safe and effective statins remain the cornerstone of therapeutic approach for this indication, including for children with genetic dyslipidaemia, and are one of the most widely prescribed drugs in the world. However, despite the affordability of generic statins, they remain underutilised worldwide.

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Article Synopsis
  • * After treatment with PCSK9 inhibitors, plasma from FH patients showed altered cholesterol distribution, with less cholesterol in LDL and more in HDL.
  • * PCSK9 inhibitors enhanced the movement of cholesterol to feces in specific mouse models and support the reverse cholesterol transport pathway in patients with heterozygous FH.
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The vasculature of the skeletal system is crucial for bone formation, homoeostasis and fracture repair, yet the diversity and specialization of bone-associated vessels remain poorly understood. Here we identify a specialized type of post-arterial capillary, termed type R, involved in bone remodelling. Type R capillaries emerge during adolescence around trabecular bone, possess a distinct morphology and molecular profile, and are associated with osteoprogenitors and bone-resorbing osteoclasts.

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Ex vivo modeling of precision immuno-oncology responses in lung cancer.

Sci Adv

November 2024

Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Article Synopsis
  • Immunotherapy shows promise for cancer treatment, but individual immune responses and the lack of reliable biomarkers lead to varied patient outcomes.* -
  • Researchers developed a precision ex vivo platform that combines patient-specific tumor and immune cells to explore antitumor responses and predict the effectiveness of treatments.* -
  • The study identified a beneficial combination of anti-PD-1 treatment and a specific inhibitor that can overcome resistance, suggesting that tailored immunotherapy can improve personalized cancer care.*
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Multiparameter imaging reveals clinically relevant cancer cell-stroma interaction dynamics in head and neck cancer.

Cell

December 2024

Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Cell and Tissue Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, 48149 Münster, Germany; Helsinki Institute of Life Science, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland. Electronic address:

Epithelial tumors are characterized by abundant inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity, which complicates diagnostics and treatment. The contribution of cancer-stroma interactions to this heterogeneity is poorly understood. Here, we report a paradigm to quantify phenotypic diversity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with single-cell resolution.

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The risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs) can be reduced by lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations. Nevertheless, ASCVDs still cause most deaths worldwide. Here, we discuss the prevention of ASCVD and the event risk with a focus on heart-healthy diets, i.

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Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common origin of pancreatic metastases (PM). Distinct genomic aberrations, favorable prognosis, and clinical observations on high angiogenesis, and succeeding tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) sensitivity have been reported in PM-ccRCC. However, no functional or single-cell studies have been conducted thus far.

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Article Synopsis
  • Secondary lymphedema (LE) after breast cancer surgery leads to chronic complications, requiring liposuction for treatment, with no current cure.
  • This study analyzed the molecular signatures of adipose tissue from patients with LE, revealing upregulated inflammatory processes and distinct gene expression compared to obesity-induced adipose tissue.
  • Metabolomics indicated reduced levels of the amino acid valine in LE patients, while lipid composition showed minimal differences, suggesting other factors influence the adipose tissue's lipid makeup beyond just LE.
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Article Synopsis
  • * A comparison of non-cancerous and patient-derived VFC cells shows an association between cancer progression, reduction in specific cell adhesion proteins, and changes in how cells move collectively.
  • * Mimicking the normal mechanical activity of healthy tissue can reduce tumor-promoting factors, while a correlation was found between ECM content, a signaling protein (YAP), and patient survival, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways.
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Overactive mitochondrial DNA replication disrupts perinatal cardiac maturation.

Nat Commun

September 2024

Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

High mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) amount has been reported to be beneficial for resistance and recovery of metabolic stress, while increased mtDNA synthesis activity can drive aging signs. The intriguing contrast of these two mtDNA boosting outcomes prompted us to jointly elevate mtDNA amount and frequency of replication in mice. We report that high activity of mtDNA synthesis inhibits perinatal metabolic maturation of the heart.

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Treatment with APAC, a dual antiplatelet anticoagulant heparin proteoglycan mimetic, limits early collar-induced carotid atherosclerotic plaque development in Apoe mice.

Atherosclerosis

October 2024

Research Program Unit in Systems Oncology, Medical Faculty, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Aplagon Ltd, Helsinki, Finland; Coagulation Disorders Unit, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Background And Aims: Mast cell-derived heparin proteoglycans (HEP-PG) can be mimicked by bioconjugates carrying antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory properties. The dual antiplatelet and anticoagulant (APAC) construct administered, either locally or intravenously (i.v.

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Genetic targeting of lymphatic endothelial cells in mice: current strategies and future perspectives.

Int J Dev Biol

August 2024

Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala, Sweden.

Lymphatic vessels within different organs have diverse developmental origins, depend on different growth factor signaling pathways for their development and maintenance, and display notable tissue-specific adaptations that contribute to their roles in normal physiology and in various diseases. Functional studies on the lymphatic vasculature rely extensively on the use of mouse models that allow selective gene targeting of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). Here, we discuss LEC diversity and provide an overview of some of the commonly used LEC-specific inducible Cre lines and induction protocols, outlining essential experimental parameters and their implications.

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There is growing concern that the severe respiratory disease in birds (avian influenza or 'bird flu') caused by the H5N1 influenza virus, might potentially spread more widely to humans and cause a pandemic. Here we discuss clinical issues related to human infections by the highly pathogenic H5N1 subtype of the avian influenza A virus and make a clinical comparison with recent information obtained from studies of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Firstly, we consider the potential increase in cardiovascular events in humans infected with the H5N1 virus.

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Sustained meningeal lymphatic vessel atrophy or expansion does not alter Alzheimer's disease-related amyloid pathology.

Nat Cardiovasc Res

April 2024

Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Discovery of meningeal lymphatic vessels (LVs) in the dura mater, also known as dural LVs (dLVs) that depend on vascular endothelial growth factor C expression, has raised interest in their possible involvement in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here we find that in the APdE9 and 5xFAD mouse models of AD, dural amyloid-β (Aβ) is confined to blood vessels and dLV morphology or function is not altered. The induction of sustained dLV atrophy or hyperplasia in the AD mice by blocking or overexpressing vascular endothelial growth factor C, impaired or improved, respectively, macromolecular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage to cervical lymph nodes.

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Background: Patients with hemophilia have a life-long risk of developing neutralizing antibodies (inhibitors) against clotting factor concentrates. After the first 50 exposure days (EDs), ie, in previously treated patients (PTPs), data on inhibitor development are limited.

Objectives: To report inhibitor development according to factor (F)VIII or FIX concentrate use in PTPs with severe hemophilia A and B.

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New technologies have resulted in a better understanding of blood and lymphatic vascular heterogeneity at the cellular and molecular levels. However, we still need to learn more about the heterogeneity of the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems among different species at the anatomical and functional levels. Even the deceptively simple question of the functions of fish lymphatic vessels has yet to be conclusively answered.

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The 9p21.3 genomic locus is a hot spot for disease-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and its strongest associations are with coronary artery disease (CAD). The disease-associated SNPs are located within the sequence of a long noncoding RNA ANRIL, which potentially contributes to atherogenesis by regulating vascular cell stress and proliferation, but also affects pancreatic β-cell proliferation.

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Spatially targeted chemokine exocytosis guides transmigration at lymphatic endothelial multicellular junctions.

EMBO J

August 2024

Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland.

Migrating cells preferentially breach and integrate epithelial and endothelial monolayers at multicellular vertices. These sites are amenable to forces produced by the migrating cell and subsequent opening of the junctions. However, the cues that guide migrating cells to these entry portals, and eventually drive the transmigration process, are poorly understood.

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iSuRe-HadCre is an essential tool for effective conditional genetics.

Nucleic Acids Res

July 2024

Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.

Methods for modifying gene function at high spatiotemporal resolution in mice have revolutionized biomedical research, with Cre-loxP being the most widely used technology. However, the Cre-loxP technology has several drawbacks, including weak activity, leakiness, toxicity, and low reliability of existing Cre-reporters. This is mainly because different genes flanked by loxP sites (floxed) vary widely in their sensitivity to Cre-mediated recombination.

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The link between diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Atherosclerosis

July 2024

Center for the Study of Dyslipidaemias, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto S. Giovanni, 20099, Milan, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy. Electronic address:

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The Impact of VEGF-C-Induced Dural Lymphatic Vessel Growth on Ischemic Stroke Pathology.

Transl Stroke Res

June 2024

Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.

Timely relief of edema and clearance of waste products, as well as promotion of anti-inflammatory immune responses, reduce ischemic stroke pathology, and attenuate harmful long-term effects post-stroke. The discovery of an extensive and functional lymphatic vessel system in the outermost meningeal layer, dura mater, has opened up new possibilities to facilitate post-stroke recovery by inducing dural lymphatic vessel (dLV) growth via a single injection of a vector encoding vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C). In the present study, we aimed to improve post-stroke outcomes by inducing dLV growth in mice.

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