Development of in situ forming autologous fibrin scaffold incorporating synthetic teriparatide peptide for bone tissue engineering.

Introduction: This study investigates the potential of an in-situ forming scaffold using a fibrin-based scaffold derived from autologous plasma combined with Synthetic Teriparatide (TP) for bone regeneration application. TP is known for its bone formation stimulation but has limited clinical use due to side effects. This autologous delivery system aims to provide precise, controlled, localized, and long-term release of TP for accelerating bone regeneration.

Overweight and obesity code (E66) trends and predictors in Canada: Cross-sectional analysis of Discharge Abstract Data (DAD), 2018-2022.

Introduction: Since the adoption of billing codes for obesity, few studies have examined their use in administrative healthcare data. Of those that have, analyses have been limited to examinations of coding validity and trends among persons diagnosed with obesity (ICD-10, E66 code). This study aimed to explore the prevalence and predictors in E66 use across Canada two years prior to, and after the onset of Covid-19.

Common measures of vaccination intention generate substantially different estimates that can reduce predictive validity.

Surveys often estimate vaccination intentions using dichotomous ("Yes"/"No") or trichotomous ("Yes," "Unsure," "No") response options presented in different orders. Do survey results depend on these variations? This controlled experiment randomized participants to dichotomous or trichotomous measures of vaccine intentions (with "Yes" and "No" options presented in different orders). Intentions were measured separately for COVID-19, its booster, and influenza vaccines.

Monkeys Predict US Elections.

How people vote often defies rational explanation. Physical traits sometimes sway voters more than policies do-but why? Here we show that rhesus macaques, who have no knowledge about political candidates or their policies, implicitly predict the outcomes of U.S.

Design and rationale of penn medicine healthy heart, a randomized trial of effectiveness of a centrally organized approach to blood pressure and cholesterol improvement among patients at elevated risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Rationales: Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Suboptimal control of hypertension and hyperlipidemia are common factors contributing to ASCVD risk. The Penn Medicine Healthy Heart (PMHH) Study is a randomized clinical trial testing the effectiveness of a system designed to offload work from primary care clinicians and improve patient follow-through with risk reduction strategies by using a centralized team of nonclinical navigators and advanced practice providers, remote monitoring, and bi-directional text messaging, augmented by behavioral science engagement strategies.

Different methods elicit different belief distributions.

When eliciting people's forecasts or beliefs, you can ask for a point estimate-for example, what is the most likely state of the world?-or you can ask for an entire distribution of beliefs-for example, how likely is every possible state of the world? Eliciting belief distributions potentially yields more information, and researchers have increasingly tried to do so. In this article, we show that different elicitation methods elicit different belief distributions. We compare two popular methods used to elicit belief distributions: Distribution Builder and Sliders.

Regression-Based Proximal Causal Inference.

Negative controls are increasingly used to evaluate the presence of potential unmeasured confounding in observational studies. Beyond the use of negative controls to detect the presence of residual confounding, proximal causal inference (PCI) was recently proposed to de-bias confounded causal effect estimates, by leveraging a pair of treatment and outcome negative control or confounding proxy variables. While formal methods for statistical inference have been developed for PCI, these methods can be challenging to implement as they involve solving complex integral equations that are typically ill-posed.

People judge others more harshly after talking to bots.

People now commonly interact with Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents. How do these interactions shape how humans perceive each other? In two preregistered studies (total = 1,261), we show that people evaluate other humans more harshly after interacting with an AI (compared with an unrelated purported human). In Study 1, participants who worked on a creative task with AIs (versus purported humans) subsequently rated another purported human's work more negatively.

Organizational readiness for change towards implementing a sepsis survivor hospital to home transition-in-care protocol.

Background: Organizational readiness for change, defined as the collective preparedness of organization members to enact changes, remains understudied in implementing sepsis survivor transition-in-care protocols. Effective implementation relies on collaboration between hospital and post-acute care informants, including those who are leaders and staff. Therefore, our cross-sectional study compared organizational readiness for change among hospital and post-acute care informants.

The Impact of Wharton's Jelly-derived Exosomes on the Production of Inflammatory Mediators from HIG-82 Synoviocytes.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease worldwide. Routine treatment options are limited, and total knee replacement surgeries often come with complications. In recent years, the use of biologics, such as Wharton's jelly (Wj) derived from the umbilical cord (UC), has gained popularity.

MSC-extracellular vesicle microRNAs target host cell-entry receptors in COVID-19: in silico modeling for in vivo validation.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has created a global pandemic with significant morbidity and mortality. SARS-CoV-2 primarily infects the lungs and is associated with various organ complications. Therapeutic approaches to combat COVID-19, including convalescent plasma and vaccination, have been developed.

The Impact of Hospital Delivery Volumes of Newborns Born Very Preterm on Mortality and Morbidity.

Objective: To examine if the annual patient volume of infants born very preterm (VPT, gestational age <32 weeks) at a hospital is associated with neonatal mortality and morbidity.

Study Design: We performed an observational, secondary data analysis using a 20-year panel of birth certificates linked to hospital discharge abstracts, including transfers in California, Michigan, Missouri, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and South Carolina from 1996 through 2015. The study included all in-hospital VPT deliveries (n = 208 261).

Combination of Searches for Higgs Boson Pair Production in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector.

This Letter presents results from a combination of searches for Higgs boson pair production using 126-140  fb^{-1} of proton-proton collision data at sqrt[s]=13  TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector. At 95% confidence level (CL), the upper limit on the production rate is 2.9 times the standard model (SM) prediction, with an expected limit of 2.

Studies of the Energy Dependence of Diboson Polarization Fractions and the Radiation-Amplitude-Zero Effect in WZ Production with the ATLAS Detector.

This Letter presents the first study of the energy dependence of diboson polarization fractions in WZ→ℓνℓ^{'}ℓ^{'}(ℓ,ℓ^{'}=e,μ) production. The dataset used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 140  fb^{-1} of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector. Two fiducial regions with an enhanced presence of events featuring two longitudinally polarized bosons are defined.

Enhanced anti-tumor efficacy of S3I-201 in breast cancer mouse model through Wharton jelly- exosome.

Objective: Exosomes, membrane-enveloped vesicles found in various cell types, including Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells, play a crucial role in intercellular communication and regulation. Their use as a cell-free nanotechnology and drug delivery system has attracted attention. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a major global health problem and is characterized by a high mortality rate.

Wharton's Jelly mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles induce liver fibrosis-resolving phenotype in alternatively activated macrophages.

The potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from mesenchymal stromal cells in guiding macrophages toward anti-inflammatory immunophenotypes, has been reported in several studies. In our study, we provided experimental evidence of a distinctive effect played by Wharton Jelly mesenchymal stromal cell-derived EVs (WJ-EVs) on human macrophages. We particularly analyzed their anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages by evaluating their interactions with stellate cells, and their protective role in liver fibrosis.

Machines, psychology, and hypothesis generation: Commentary on Banker et al. (2024).

Advances in machine learning and artificial intelligence are revolutionizing many aspects of human life, and as Banker et al. (2024) illustrate, generative artificial intelligence may also facilitate hypothesis generation in academic research. But while it is easy to imagine this idea generating some alarm (i.

GENIUS-MAWII: for robust Mendelian randomization with many weak invalid instruments.

Mendelian randomization (MR) addresses causal questions using genetic variants as instrumental variables. We propose a new MR method, G-Estimation under No Interaction with Unmeasured Selection (GENIUS)-MAny Weak Invalid IV, which simultaneously addresses the 2 salient challenges in MR: many weak instruments and widespread horizontal pleiotropy. Similar to MR-GENIUS, we use heteroscedasticity of the exposure to identify the treatment effect.

Can nudges be leveraged to enhance diversity in organizations? A systematic review.

In this article, we review and summarize key findings from a growing literature exploring how nudges can facilitate efforts to diversify organizations. Nudges are psychologically-informed interventions that change behavior without restricting choice or altering incentives. We focus on two types of nudges to enhance organizational diversity: (1) nudges that target organizational processes directly or the decision makers who oversee them to increase the diversity of those hired and promoted and (2) nudges that target the underrepresented candidates themselves to increase the diversity of those applying for organizational roles.