A case report and literature review of De Garengeot hernia.

The presence of an appendix in the femoral hernia, known as De Garengeot hernia, was first described by a French surgeon named Rene Jacques Croissant de Garengeot in 1731. It is a rare surgical entity occurring in only 0.5-5% of all femoral hernias.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of miRNAs for the detection of cervical cancer.

This study aimed to critically appraise the evidence of the diagnostic effectiveness of miRNAs for the detection of cervical cancer. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed, searching PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science. An umbrella meta-analysis of meta-analyses of individual biomarkers was performed.

Prevalence and associated factors of sexual dysfunction in premenopausal women with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Sexual dysfunction (SD) in women with diabetes is a multifaceted complication driven by hormonal, neuropathic and psychosocial factors. It has been reported that the prevalence of SD is higher in women with type 1 diabetes compared to both women with type 2 diabetes and women without diabetes. However, prevalence estimates of SD in women with type 1 diabetes are variable, due to the heterogeneity of the conducted studies and the various confounding factors that are associated with SD.

A Randomized Trial of Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation Versus Alternative Forms of Surgical Cartilage Management in Patients With a Failed Primary Treatment for Chondral or Osteochondral Defects in the Knee.

Background: There are limited randomized controlled trials with long-term outcomes comparing autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) versus alternative forms of surgical cartilage management within the knee.

Purpose: To determine at 5 years after surgery whether ACI was superior to alternative forms of cartilage management in patients after a failed previous treatment for chondral or osteochondral defects in the knee.

Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1.

In-stent Thrombosis and COVID-19 Infection: Current Insights on the Mechanistic Relationship.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been demonstrated as a major risk factor in inducing coronary stent thrombosis due to its propensity to create a pro-thrombotic state. This review explores the mechanisms that may contribute to the increased thrombosis risk seen in COVID-19. Furthermore, we discuss the patient and haematological factors that predispose to an increased risk of stent thrombosis, as well as the role of certain antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapies, including ticagrelor and enoxaparin, that may reduce the likelihood and severity of in-stent thrombosis, in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Scrotal Masson's tumour masquerading as dysplastic polyorchidism - a case report.

This case describes a rare genitourinary presentation of a Masson's tumour, preoperatively assumed to be a dysplastic third testis.

Atypical presentation of an obstructed obturator hernia in a 99-year-old female: a case report.

An obturator hernia is the protrusion of an organ/tissue through the obturator canal. Fondly called 'little old lady's hernia', as they typically affect elderly thin female patients [7]. They are rare and difficult to clinically diagnose [2].

Long-term patient reported sexual and urological dysfunction in males after operatively treated pelvic ring injuries Do generic outcome measures identify genitourinary health problems?

Background: A consecutive series of 177 male patients, with high energy pelvic ring injuries, were treated operatively in our institution. The purpose of this study was to evaluate long-term sexual and urological dysfunction in these patients using validated disease specific patient reported outcome measures (PROMs), and identify if sexual and urological dysfunction is detectable from generic outcome scores used in the assessment of pelvic ring injury at a minimum of 10 years follow-up (range 10-22).

Methods: Surviving patients were contacted to complete validated PROMs to examine genitourinary and global functional outcome.

A European, prospective, observational study of enzalutamide in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: PREMISE.

In randomized clinical trials, the androgen-receptor inhibitor enzalutamide has demonstrated efficacy and safety in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). This study captured efficacy, safety and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of enzalutamide in mCRPC patients in a real-world European setting. PREMISE (NCT0249574) was a European, long-term, prospective, observational study in mCRPC patients prescribed enzalutamide as part of standard clinical practice.

The learning experiences of dyslexic medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a phenomenological study.

Dyslexia is a Specific Learning Difficulty that impacts on reading and writing abilities. During the COVID-19 pandemic, medical schools have been forced to undertake distance learning and assessment. The wider literature suggested that e-learning might pose additional challenges for dyslexic students.

A novel fixation method for unstable ankle fractures in the elderly using dual percutaneous tibiotalar cannulated screws.

Ankle fractures in the elderly are often complicated by osteoporosis and poor skin quality, resulting in poorer outcomes. This retrospective case-series describes a novel minimally invasive fixation method for managing unstable ankle fractures in the high-risk elderly patient. Six elderly patients who underwent dual tibiotalar cannulated screw fixation for unstable ankle fractures between January 2019 and 2020 were identified.

Sexual dimorphism in SARS-COV-2 infection.

Previous studies have demonstrated that female patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) demonstrate more favorable prognosis relative to male patients. In this article, we elaborate the possible role of estrogen in the modulation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection severity. The potential interplay between several factors, including inherently lower estradiol (E) and slightly higher estrogen receptor β (ERβ) levels in males, with inflammatory mediators are described.

An international genome-wide meta-analysis of primary biliary cholangitis: Novel risk loci and candidate drugs.

Backgrounds & Aims: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic liver disease in which autoimmune destruction of the small intrahepatic bile ducts eventually leads to cirrhosis. Many patients have inadequate response to licensed medications, motivating the search for novel therapies. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and meta-analyses (GWMA) of PBC have identified numerous risk loci for this condition, providing insight into its aetiology.

X Chromosome Contribution to the Genetic Architecture of Primary Biliary Cholangitis.

Background & Aims: Genome-wide association studies in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) have failed to find X chromosome (chrX) variants associated with the disease. Here, we specifically explore the chrX contribution to PBC, a sexually dimorphic complex autoimmune disease.

Methods: We performed a chrX-wide association study, including genotype data from 5 genome-wide association studies (from Italy, United Kingdom, Canada, China, and Japan; 5244 case patients and 11,875 control individuals).

Mistaken identity: an unexpected case of spontaneous cholecystocutaneous fistula formation.

We describe the case of a 78-year-old woman who presented to the emergency department with a 2-week history of a superficially developing mass in the lower right abdominal wall, fluctuant and non-tender with overlaying erythematous skin changes. Though resembling an abdominal wall abscess and initially listed for a simple incision and drainage, diagnostic uncertainty encouraged further investigation. CT and ultrasound confirmed the mass appeared to be in continuity with the gallbladder fossa, with the lumen also containing small bowel medially.

Utility of admission perfusion CT for the prediction of suboptimal outcome following uncomplicated minor traumatic brain injury.

Purpose: To compare the perfusion parameters of patients with uncomplicated mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) with healthy controls and to assess whether admission perfusion CT parameters can be used to predict outcome at 6 months post-injury in patients with uncomplicated mTBI.

Methods: Institute ethical committee approval was obtained for this prospective cohort study and informed written consent obtained from all subjects. Patients who sustained mTBI and had no abnormalities on non-contrast CT from June 2010 to January 2012 (20 months) and 10 healthy controls were included and underwent perfusion CT at admission.

The use of tissue adhesive as an adjunct to wound closure in knee arthroplasty does not reduce wound ooze.

Introduction: Persistent wound ooze has been associated with prolonged length of hospital stay and increased risk of infection. Recently, the use of tissue adhesive after hip and knee arthroplasty has been described. We believe that knee arthroplasty wounds exhibit different behavior compared to hip arthroplasty due to the increased wound-margin tension associated with knee flexion.