15 results match your criteria: "Western Australian Centre for Pathology and Medical Research (PathCentre)[Affiliation]"

Combination assay detecting both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) p24 antigen and anti-HIV antibodies opens a second diagnostic window.

J Clin Microbiol

October 2005

Division of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Western Australian Centre for Pathology and Medical Research (PathCentre), Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia.

Fourth-generation human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screening immunoassays reduce the diagnostic window between infection and diagnosis by the inclusion of HIV p24 antigen detection together with HIV antibody detection in the same test. We compared third- and fourth-generation HIV immunoassays and a dedicated HIV p24 antigen test for detection of a case of HIV seroconversion. This demonstrated a second diagnostic window using the fourth-generation assay due to a decline of HIV p24 antigen prior to the detection of HIV antibody.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aims: Currently there are no diagnostic techniques that can precisely determine the primary site of a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Anogenital SCC has a high prevalence of high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA, particularly in the cervix where the value approaches 100%, whereas non-anogenital SCC generally has a low prevalence. The aim of this study was to examine whether the finding of HR HPV DNA in a fine needle aspiration (FNA) of metastatic SCC could be used to determine a likely anogenital origin.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Limited experience and a lack of validated diagnostic reagents make Burkholderia pseudomallei, the cause of melioidosis, difficult to recognize in the diagnostic microbiology laboratory. We compared three methods of confirming the identity of presumptive B. pseudomallei strains using a collection of Burkholderia species drawn from diverse geographic, clinical, and environmental sources.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Stromelysin-1 (MMP-3) gene 5A/6A promoter polymorphism is associated with blood pressure in a community population.

J Hypertens

March 2005

Clinical Biochemistry, Western Australian Centre for Pathology and Medical Research (PathCentre) and School of Surgery and Pathology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia.

Background And Objectives: Arterial remodelling contributes to the development of hypertension. Stromelysin-1 (MMP-3), a member of the matrix metalloproteinase family may contribute to this process. Stromelysin-1 gene expression is partly regulated by a common polymorphism in the promoter region of either five or six consecutive adenosine bases (5A/6A).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aims: Perineuriomas (PN) are uncommon, benign neoplasms that mimic a number of benign and malignant soft tissue lesions. There are two main forms: a rare intraneural PN (IPN), and a relatively more common extraneural soft tissue PN (STPN) including a conventional form (STPNc), sclerosing (SPN), reticular and lipomatous variants. Their diagnosis requires immunohistochemical (IHC) and/or ultrastructural (US) confirmation of perineurial cell differentiation.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Lymphoma classification is based on a multiparametric approach to diagnosis, in which clinical features, morphology, immunophenotype, karyotype and molecular characteristics are important to varying degrees. While in most cases, a diagnosis can be confidently established on the basis of morphology and immunophenotype alone, a small proportion of diagnostically difficult cases will rely on molecular studies to enable a definitive diagnosis. This review discusses the various molecular techniques available including Southern blotting (SB), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH)--including multicolour-FISH/spectral karyotyping and comparative genomic hybridisation--and also gene expression profiling using cDNA microarray technology.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aims: Distinguishing between adenocarcinomas of endocervical and endometrial origin histologically can be difficult, particularly in small biopsies. Most endocervical adenocarcinomas contain human papillomavirus (HPV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of 'high-risk' (HR) types, whereas this has not been consistently demonstrated in endometrial adenocarcinomas. The aim of this study was to determine whether HPV DNA testing could aid in this differential diagnosis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

National atypical mycobacteria survey, 2000.

Commun Dis Intell Q Rep

October 2003

Mycobacterium Reference Laboratory, Western Australian Centre for Pathology and Medical Research (PathCentre), Locked Bag 2009, Nedlands WA 6909.

Infections with atypical mycobacteria in Australia during 2000 occurred at a rate of 1.8 cases per 100,000 population. The main sites of disease were the respiratory tract, soft tissue, and the lymphatics.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The frequencies of human platelet antigen (HPA) systems vary between different racial groups; however, HPA frequency data for some racial groups are still incomplete. We report the distribution of HPA 1-5 systems in Australian Aborigines from a remote community in the north-west of Australia and compare our findings with HPA observed in a Western Australian blood donor population. Using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with sequence-specific primers, 185 indigenous Australians and 1000 Western Australian blood donors were genotyped for each of the HPA 1-5 systems.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Stereotactic core biopsy (CB) using 14-gauge needles was adopted as the standard method of diagnosis of screen-detected breast microcalcifications (MC) at Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital in 1996. Fine needle aspiration (SFNA) was included as an adjunct, to optimise sensitivity and to provide immediate reporting. Recently, core imprint cytology (CI) has been shown to have a high sensitivity in diagnosing malignancy.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aims: Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma is a rare low-grade soft-tissue sarcoma with locally aggressive and metastasizing potential. Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma has distinctive clinical, light microscopic, immunophenotypic, cytogenetic and ultrastructural features. Evidence that extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma often shows neuroendocrine features was first provided by Chhieng et al.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To develop a sensitive assay to quantitate serum 3B3(-) levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) as well as levels in control sera.

Methods: An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed using the monoclonal antibody (MAb) 3B3 to detect a chondroitin sulfate (CS) epitope in the sera and synovial fluid (SF) of RA and OA patients. Keratan sulfate levels were measured in the same biological fluids using the 5D4 monoclonal antibody.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

We have developed a highly accurate, low-cost, single-step, mutagenically separated polymerase chain reaction (MS-PCR) method for the determination of angiotensin II type-1 receptor (AT(1)) A1166C gene polymorphism. The genotypes are determined using the microtiter array diagonal gel electrophoresis (MADGE) system. We have compared the MS-PCR method with allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization and Dde I digestion techniques for determining the AT(1) A1166C genotype.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A cluster of acute melioidosis cases occurred in a remote, coastal community in tropical Western Australia. Molecular typing of Burkholderia pseudomallei isolates from culture-confirmed cases and suspected environmental sources by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of XbaI chromosomal DNA digests showed that a single PFGE type was responsible for five cases of acute infection in a community of around 300 during a 5 week period. This temporal and geographical clustering of acute melioidosis cases provided a unique opportunity to investigate the environmental factors contributing to this disease.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

We present here the results of a prospective study of the pathology of 233 fatalities due to hanging in Western Australia (WA). The deaths occurred during the 5 year period 1988-92. Post mortem examination of these cases was undertaken according to a standardised protocol by forensic pathologists of this office.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF