Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell-derived exosomes and genitourinary cancers: A mini review.

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell- (MSC-) derived exosomes are gaining popularity for their involvement in tissue repair and repressing various tumors through extensive patterns. Nevertheless, the impact of extracellular vesicles produced by stem cells on tumor formation and progression is controversial and seems to depend on several factors. The utilization of MSCs' various capabilities in urogenital neoplasms is widely regarded as a potential future therapeutic as well.

Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Kazakhstani Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is associated with increased incidence and severity of depression, anxiety, and stress, and screening for these comorbidities following miscarriages is beneficial for women with RPL who are planning future pregnancies. This study aims to investigate depression, anxiety, and stress among Kazakhstani women with RPL. Methods: This was a case−control study involving 70 women with confirmed RPL and 78 ethnically matched control women.

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy in Kazakhstan: A Journey from Diagnosis to the Treatment, the Biases and Achievements.

Background: Neuro-muscular disorders constitutes a group of rare but heterogeneous conditions. The onset of these diseases ranges widely from birth to elderly. Many of them are life threatening and progressive.

Minimally invasive decompression alone versus fusion surgery for acute lumbar disk herniation combined incomplete cauda equina syndrome.

Study Design: Retrospective single center study.

Background: Cauda equine syndrome (CES), which caused by acute lumbar disc herniation (LDH), often requires urgent surgical treatment. Currently, there is no standard defining the type of surgery, and approaches to the treatment of patients are based on the experience of the surgeon.

Adipocytokine imbalance and breast cancer in obese women.

Context: Breast cancer is the most common diagnosis established in women with malignant tumors.

Aims: The purpose is to investigate the blood contents of adiponectin and leptin in women with breast cancer and obesity.

Settings And Design: A total of 140 women aged 40-50 were examined.

Chromium as a Risk Factor for Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Chromium (Cr) is a transition metal, natural element. Chromium is the 21st most abundant element in Earth's crust. Cr is found in soil, rocks and living organisms.

Optimization of surgical approach for the treatment of gallstone disease complicated by obstructive jaundice.

Introduction: An elevated morbidity rate due to gallstone disease (GSD) is accompanied by a 35% increase in the frequency of complication occurrence. Surgical treatment of GSD complicated by obstructive jaundice (OJ) is an urgent problem due to a relatively high percentage of complications and lethal outcomes.

Aim: To improve the surgical treatment outcomes of patients with GSD complicated by OJ by introducing a differentiated approach to the choice of surgical intervention tactics.

Diet and Blood Concentrations of Essential and Non-Essential Elements among Rural Residents in Arctic Russia.

Nutrition is an essential factor for human health. Earlier research has suggested that Arctic residents are vulnerable to environmental toxic exposures through traditional foods. Although Russia is the largest Arctic country, the evidence on the topic from the Russian part of the Arctic is scarce.

SWOT Analysis and Expert Assessment of the Effectiveness of the Introduction of Healthcare Information Systems in Polyclinics in Aktobe, Kazakhstan.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the organizational effectiveness of the introduction of a healthcare information system (electronic medical records and databases) in healthcare in Kazakhstan.

Methods: The authors used a combination of 2.

Methods: expert assessment and strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis.

Comparison of the Effect of Endurance, Strength and Endurance-Strength Training on Glucose and Insulin Homeostasis and the Lipid Profile of Overweight and Obese Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The most effective type of training to improve cardiometabolic parameters in overweight subjects is unknown. This meta-analysis compared the effect of endurance, strength and combined training on glucose, insulin metabolism and the lipid profile of overweight and obese adults. The Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched to identify randomised trials assessing the effect of training intervention on fasting and 2 h glucose and insulin levels, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA), C-peptide, total cholesterol (TC), low- (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides (TG).

Content of Essential Trace Elements in the Hair of Residents of the Caspian Region of the Republic of Kazakhstan Who Recovered from COVID-19.

This study aimed to investigate the content of essential elements in the hair of unvaccinated residents of the Caspian region who recovered from COVID-19. This cross-sectional study involved 260 unvaccinated permanent residents of Mangistau oblast aged 18−60. The diagnosis and severity of COVID-19 were based on clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory data, R-graph results, and oxygen saturation by the Clinical Protocol of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Early Diagnosis of Chemotherapy-Linked Cardiotoxicity in Breast Cancer Patients Using Conventional Biomarker Panel: A Prospective Study Protocol.

The prognosis of cancer treatment depends on, among other aspects, the cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy. This research aims to create a feasible algorithm for the early diagnosis of antitumor therapy cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients. The paper represents a protocol for a prospective cohort study with N 120 eligible participants admitted for treatment with anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab.

An Algorithmic Posterior Approach to the Treatment of Multilevel Degenerative Cervical Spine Disease: A Multicenter Prospective Study.

Background: The choice of surgical method for the treatment of multilevel degenerative cervical spine disease is based on the assessment of neurological symptoms and anatomical source of compression. However, such decision-making process remains complex and poorly defined.

Purpose: To analyze the effectiveness of an algorithmic posterior approach to the surgical treatment of patients with multilevel degenerative disease of the cervical spine based on the preoperative clinical and imaging parameters.

[Dental caries among 5-7 years old children in a Russian subarctic region].

Objective: The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence and experience of dental caries among preschool children in a Russian Subarctic region.

Material And Methods: We performed a complex dental examination in 1232 randomly selected children aged 5-7 years using the World Health Organization (WHO) methodology (5th Edition) and standard dental forms.

Results: The overall prevalence of caries in primary dentition was 90.

Congenital malformations of the urinary system as visceral markers of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia.

Objective: The relevance of this study is conditioned by the need for urgent search and implementation of effective methods of treatment of urinary system diseases in people of different ages, as well as addressing issues of quality treatment of connective tissue diseases in general and its dysplasia in particular. The aim of the article is to identify congenital defects as visceral markers of connective tissue dysplasia.

Methods: The methodology of this study includes a survey of a group of children with considerable problems in the development and functioning of the urinary system at the age of 2 weeks to 3 years, in order to qualitatively select and determine the most effective methods of treatment.

Morphological parameters of ovarian masses and accuracy of the risk of malignancy index in diagnosing ovarian malignancy.

Introduction: To detect the morphological parameters of ovarian masses and the accuracy of the risk of mali-gnancy index (RMI) in diagnosing ovarian malignancy.

Material And Methods: 264 women in 3 groups (reproductive, premenopausal, and postmenopausal) presented with ovarian masses and scheduled for surgery were included in this study. The participants' preoperative RMI was compared to the postoperative histology (gold standard) to detect the accuracy of RMI in diagnosing ovarian malignancy.

Hair Toxic Trace Elements of Residents across the Caspian Oil and Gas Region of Kazakhstan: Cross-Sectional Study.

This study aimed to assess the relationship between the content of toxic trace elements, such as aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), beryllium (Be), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb), in the hair of the adult population of western Kazakhstan and the distance of their residence from oil and gas fields. The cross-sectional study included 850 adults aged 18-60 years. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to measure the level of Al, As, Be, Cd, Hg, and Pb in hair.

KAZAKH ADAPTATION OF THE MONTREAL COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT (MOCA).

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a brief cognitive evaluation tool that has been developed for screening of patients for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). MCI is a recognized high-risk state for Alzheimer's disease development. The aim of the present study was to create a Kazakh-language adaptation of the original version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (version 7.

Essential Trace Elements in Scalp Hair of Residents across the Caspian Oil and Gas Region of Kazakhstan.

Most of the country’s oil and gas fields are situated in West Kazakhstan, mainly on the Caspian Sea coast, causing significant damage to the local environment and contributing to an imbalance in the trace element composition of the human body. The study is aimed to evaluate the relationship between the concentration of essential trace elements in scalp hair of the western Kazakhstan adult population and the remoteness of their residence from oil and gas fields. The concentration of essential trace elements (Co, Cu, Fe, I, Mn, Se, Zn) in the hair of 850 individuals aged 18−60 years was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Self-reported consumption frequency of meat and fish products among young adults in Kazakhstan.

Meat and dairy products are important ingredients in Kazakhstan, although there are indications that high consumption of red and processed meat is associated with a risk of several non-communicable diseases and has an adverse impact on the environment. The aim of this study was to investigate the dietary habits of young adults in Kazakhstan, particularly meat and fish consumption frequency among university students in five regions of Kazakhstan. The assessment of meat and fish consumption was based on the food frequency questionnaire.

Correlations between Specific and Nonspecific Vaginal Immunity in Women with Breast Cancer in Kazakhstan.

The most common malignant tumor in women is breast cancer (BC). The ability of regulatory cells to inhibit cellular immune response as well as to participate in the modulation of antitumor immunity has attracted much interest of scientists. The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation between the specific and nonspecific vaginal immunity in women with BC.

Managing high blood pressure in hypertensive patients with an acute ischemic stroke.

Introduction: Arterial hypertension (AH) is one of the key risk factors and triggers for the development of acute cerebrovascular accident. The purpose of the study is to investigate the peculiarities and rates of blood pressure reduction in AH patients during the acute period of ischemic stroke depending on the patients' sex, age, medical history, and clinical characteristics.

Material And Methods: The study involved 120 patients aged 41-77 years, of whom there were 47 (39.

[Multivariable analysis of the associations between transversal maxilla size and upper airway volume].

Objective: To assess the relationship between the size of the upper jaw and the volume of the upper respiratory tract in adult patients, both in the form of continuous indicators and in the form of categorical variables.

Material And Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography images of all patients (=365) aged 18-60 years who attended one of the dental clinics in Arkhangelsk (Northwest Russia) from October 2019 through November 2020 comprised the study base. Maxilla size and upper airway volume were assessed using Ez3D-I software.

The Effect of Endurance and Endurance-Strength Training on Bone Health and Body Composition in Centrally Obese Women-A Randomised Pilot Trial.

There is no consensus exercise programme to reduce body weight and improve body composition simultaneously preventing bone loss or stimulating osteogenesis. This pilot study compared the effect of endurance and endurance-strength training on body composition and bone metabolism in centrally obese women. Recruited subjects were randomly assigned to three-month endurance ( = 22) or endurance-strength training ( = 22).

The Relationship of Radiographic Parameters and Morphological Changes at Various Stages of Degeneration of the Lumbar Facet Joints: Cadaver Study.

Study Design: Cadaveric specimens.

Objective: To perform a pathomorphological analysis of the degree of facet joint (FJ) degeneration utilizing fresh cadaveric models and correlating these structural changes with imaging findings.

Methods: L1-L5 FSU including all tissue between the anterior longitudinal ligament to the posterior spinal structures were obtained on 28 patients at a mean of 5.