Cost drivers of gastric sleeve procedures performed using robotic platform.

Background: Robotic bariatric surgery adoption rates have increased, and the higher costs associated with robotic sleeve gastrectomy (rSG) are a concern.

Objectives: To investigate the factors associated with increased costs of rSG.

Setting: US hospital database.

Pain Coping Skills Training for Patients Receiving Hemodialysis: The HOPE Consortium Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Chronic pain is common among individuals with dialysis-dependent kidney failure.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of pain coping skills training (PCST), a cognitive behavioral intervention, on pain interference.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter randomized clinical trial of PCST vs usual care was conducted across 16 academic centers and 103 outpatient dialysis facilities in the US.

Role and Prognostic Implications of Venous Outflow Assessment in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Introduction: The venous outflow profile (VOP) is a crucial yet often overlooked aspect affecting stroke outcomes. It plays a major role in the physiopathology of acute cerebral ischemia, as it accounts for both the upstream arterial collaterals and cerebral microperfusion. This enables it to circumvent the limitations of various arterial collateral evaluation systems, which often fail to consider impaired autoregulation and its impact on cerebral blood flow at the microcirculatory levels.

Biomarkers.

Background: Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) are at greater risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previous studies have shown that physical exercise is a protective factor against the clinical evolution of dementia in MCI. Lower muscle strength levels are associated with a greater risk of AD incidence.

Public Health.

Background: Alcohol use is hypothesized to be a risk factor for cognitive impairment (CI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, its role is often complex in diagnosing and distinguishing alcoholic dementia from AD. Hence, several AD-focused studies exclude participants with possible alcohol misuse history, creating major challenges to investigate this connection.

Biomarkers.

Background: Diabetes, a chronic metabolic disease leading to damage to multiple organs and the nervous system, is associated with cognitive decline. Moreover, Vitamin D (VD) insufficiency/deficiency is implicated as a risk factor for diabetes. However, the specifics of the relationships between these variables remain unclear.

Developing Topics.

Background: In the past decades, the NIH has identified a large knowledge gap in the study of health and disease in diverse and underserved inhabitants. The most recent estimates (2020) indicate that rural dwellers represent 15-20% of the total US population, but these individuals experience worse health status than urban counterparts. A major challenge to the study of health disparities in rural areas is the dearth of structured rural cohorts that can be used for scientific research purposes.

Developing Topics.

Background: Vitamin D (VD) deficiency is a risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Previously, we described health disparities in VD status, depression, and Hispanic ethnicity (HE) in an aging West Texas population from Project FRONTIER (Facing Rural Obstacles to Health Care Now Through Intervention, Education, and Research). Using the same sample, we examined relationships between VD status, health care access, and General Health Rating (GHR) METHOD: Of 299 participants in which serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D levels were available, we examined relationships between access to care, VD, HE, and GHR.

National Beef Quality Audit-2022: Harvest-floor assessments of hide defects, carcass defects, and offal condemnations that affect value of carcasses and by-products from market cows and bulls.

The National Beef Quality Audit ()-2022 serves as a benchmark of the current market cow and bull sectors of the U.S. beef industry and allows comparison to previous audits as a method of monitoring industry progress.

Cohort and Gender Differences in Stability Over Five Years Among Mexican-Origin Caregivers to Older Adults Living With Cognitive Impairment.

The current study examines cohort (i.e., Generation X, Baby Boomers, and Silent Generation) and gender differences in the stability of Mexican-origin family caregivers over time.

Intergenerational Relationships and Family Support: Implications for Health and Wellbeing.

This review summarizes research projects supported by the National Institute on Aging (NIA) that have contributed scholarship on intergenerational relationships and support provided to older adults that frequently precedes, and is often complementary to, intensive caregiving. We review NIA-supported projects that have almost exclusively focused on intergenerational relationships and involved primary data collections, and others making use of omnibus aging and family studies that have allowed a variety of investigations on this topic. Where the former set of studies has generated deeply phenotypic analyses-comprehensive fine-grained analyses of relational data in specialized samples-the latter set has focused on analyses of secondary data, often from national samples which include information on intergenerational relationships.

Determinants of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use among men who have sex with men (MSM) living in rural areas of the United States: A scoping review framed by the PrEP care continuum.

Background: HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective intervention to prevent HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM). Despite its effectiveness, PrEP uptake and adherence among MSM in the United States remain suboptimal, particularly in rural areas.

Objective: The present study presents a scoping review of the self-reported barriers and facilitators of PrEP use among MSM living in rural areas of the United States.

Niche comparisons reveal significant divergence despite narrow endemism in Leavenworthia, a genus of rare plants.

Background And Aims: Quantifying niche similarity among closely related species offers myriad insights into evolutionary history and ecology. In this study, our aim was to explore the interplay of geographic and niche space for rare, endemic plant species and determine if endemic habitats were environmentally similar or unique.

Methods: We characterized the niche of all Leavenworthia species, a genus of rare plants endemic to rocky glades in the eastern United States, using WorldClim data, surface geology, elevation, and slope.

Diabetes Mellitus Is Not a Risk Factor for Difficult Intubation Among Critically Ill Adults: A Secondary Analysis of Multicenter Trials.

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus has been associated with greater difficulty of tracheal intubation in the operating room. This relationship has not been examined for tracheal intubation of critically ill adults. We examined whether diabetes mellitus was independently associated with the time from induction of anesthesia to intubation of the trachea among critically ill adults.

The Intersection of Heart Failure and Iron Deficiency Anemia: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches.

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is highly prevalent among individuals with heart failure (HF), impacting 40-70% of patients and serving as a significant prognostic indicator. Linked with oxidative metabolism and myocardial cell damage, IDA exacerbates HF symptoms, including reduced exercise capacity, diminished quality of life, and heightened cardiovascular morbidity. This review explores the diagnosis, treatment, clinical outcomes, prognostic indicators, and forthcoming challenges associated with IDA in HF patients.

Impact of pulmonary hypertension on short and long-term outcome after mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair: A meta-analysis.

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (pHTN) has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality after mitral Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair (TEER), but the association remains uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the impact of pHTN on cardiovascular outcomes following TEER.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Medline to identify studies reporting outcomes after TEER in individuals with pHTN.

Structures of ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCC1 reveal the molecular basis of cyclic dinucleotide cGAMP export.

Cyclic nucleotide GMP-AMP (cGAMP) plays a critical role in mediating the innate immune response through the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway. Recent studies showed that ATP-binding cassette subfamily C member 1 (ABCC1) is a cGAMP exporter. The exported cGAMP can be imported into uninfected cells to stimulate a STING-mediated innate immune response.

Once daily Bromelain-based enzymatic debridement of venous leg ulcers versus gel vehicle (placebo) and non-surgical standard of care: a three-arm multicenter, double blinded, randomized controlled study.

Background: Debridement is considered the first step in treatment of chronic wounds, however, current enzymatic and autolytic debridement agents are slow or ineffective. Previous studies have shown positive initial results with EscharEx® (EX-02 formulation), a Bromelain-based enzymatic debridement agent in development for chronic wounds. The main objective of this study was to assess its efficacy in debriding venous leg ulcers (VLU), compared to gel vehicle (GV) as a placebo control and to non-surgical standard of care (NSSOC).

Control of Two Solid Electrolyte Interphases at the Negative Electrode of an Anode-Free All Solid-State Battery based on Argyrodite Electrolyte.

Anode-free all solid-state batteries (AF-ASSBs) employ "empty" current collector with three active interfaces that determine electrochemical stability; lithium metal - Solid electrolyte (SE) interphase (SEI-1), lithium - current collector interface, and collector - SE interphase (SEI-2). Argyrodite LiPSCl (LPSCl) solid electrolyte (SE) displays SEI-2 containing copper sulfides, formed even at open circuit. Bilayer of 140 nm magnesium/30 nm tungsten (Mg/W-Cu) controls the three interfaces and allows for state-of-the-art electrochemical performance in half-cells and fullcells.

Civic identity: media, belonging, & Latiné youth in the 2020 US presidential election.

We explore how Latiné immigrant-origin youth used and made sense of media to enact their civic identities during the 2020 US presidential election cycle. In a polarized national context, this project highlights the voices and experiences of the participants (n=39). We conducted and analysed semi-structured interviews to identify three comprehensive themes.

TClC effectively suppresses the growth and metastasis of NSCLC via polypharmacology.

Despite significant advances in targeted therapies and immunotherapies, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) continues to present a global health challenge, with a modest five-year survival rate of 28 %, largely due to the emergence of treatment-resistant and metastatic tumors. In response, we synthesized a novel bioactive compound, ethyl 6-chlorocoumarin-3-carboxylyl L-theanine (TClC), which significantly inhibited NSCLC growth, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, and invasion and tumor growth and metastasis without inducing toxicity. TClC disrupts autocrine loops that promote tumor progression, particularly in stem-like CD133-positive NSCLC (CD133+ LC) cells, which are pivotal in tumor metastasis.

Employer Perspective on Pain Fellowship Education: A Survey to Understand the Current State of Pain Medicine Training.

Background: Pain medicine care has expanded to encompass a wider range of conditions, necessitating updated education and training for pain specialists to utilize emerging technologies effectively. A national survey was conducted through several verified Pain organizations regarding pain physician employers' perspectives on pain medicine fellowship training and education. The survey aimed to gather insights from a diverse range of geographic locations, practice types (academic and private practice), and practice settings.