Determination of salmeterol, α-hydroxysalmeterol and fluticasone propionate in human urine and plasma for doping control using UHPLC-QTOF-MS.

Salmeterol and fluticasone are included in the Prohibited List annually issued by the World Anti-Doping Agency. While for other permitted beta-2 agonists a threshold has been established, above which any finding constitutes an Adverse Analytical Finding, this is not the case with salmeterol. The salmeterol metabolite, α-hydroxysalmeterol, has been described as a potentially more suitable biomarker for the misuse of inhaled salmeterol.

An Examination of Crisis Intervention Teams in Rural Jurisdictions.

A disproportionate number of people with mental illness are involved in critical police encounters resulting in arrest and/or excessive use of force. In response, many jurisdictions have implemented Crisis Intervention Team training. This mixed method study used survey and focus group interview data to investigate Crisis Intervention Teams in rural communities in a Northeastern state in the U.

Effect of Household Income on Short-Term Outcomes Following Cerebellopontine Angle Tumor Resection.

 The objective of this study is to elucidate the impact of income on short-term outcomes in a cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor resection population.  This is a retrospective regression analysis.  This study was done at a single, multihospital, urban academic medical center.

A Newton-like iterative method implemented in the DelPhi for solving the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann equation.

DelPhi is a popular scientific program which numerically solves the Poisson-Boltzmann equation (PBE) for electrostatic potentials and energies of biomolecules immersed in water via finite difference method. It is well known for its accuracy, reliability, flexibility, and efficiency. In this work, a new edition of DelPhi that uses a novel Newton-like method to solve the nonlinear PBE, in addition to the already implemented Successive Over Relaxation (SOR) algorithm, is introduced.

Nurses' knowledge and practices of physical restraints in intensive care units: An observational study.

Aim: To investigate the knowledge and practice of physical restraints (PR) among Jordanian intensive care unit (ICU) nurses.

Design: A descriptive, observational design was used.

Methods: A convenience sampling was used to recruit participants.

PCNP: A new era in shaping health policy.

The Pennsylvania Coalition of Nurse Practitioners (PCNP) is the state organization that promotes and protects the practice of more than 15,000 certified registered nurse practitioners in Pennsylvania. PCNP, credited for many legislative successes related to nurse practitioner (NP) practice since the 1980s, continues to expand its advocacy endeavors and mission to advance professional NP practice. To further promote the practice of NPs, a novel platform was established.

"Always Thinking About Safety": African American Lesbian Mothers' Perceptions of Risk and Well-being.

Although there is a growing body of knowledge focusing on lesbian families and their parenting experiences, African American lesbian mothers are often underrepresented in research. This qualitative exploratory study aims to understand the constructions and perspectives of African American lesbian mothers, from an urban East Coast area, on risk and well-being. Fifteen in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed at the end of 2016, coinciding with the presidential election yielding main themes that were significant for the participants pertaining to the mothers' experiences and construction of the challenges and risks to well-being.

'Whip from the hip': thigh angular motion, ground contact mechanics, and running speed.

During high-speed running, lower limb vertical velocity at touchdown has been cited as a critical factor needed to generate large vertical forces. Additionally, greater leg angular velocity has also been correlated with increased running speeds. However, the association between these factors has not been comprehensively investigated across faster running speeds.

Who belongs in America? Latinxs' skin tones, perceived discrimination, and opposition to multicultural policies.

Objective: Consequences of colorism are well documented, yet little is known about its relationship with political views of racial/ethnic minorities. Although a very small literature found no evidence that skin tone shapes political attitudes of Latinx Americans, the present study was the first to extend this to immigration and language policy preferences. Because support for public policies is an important mechanism through which inequality is either reduced or reproduced, this filled an important gap in the literature on colorism and political behavior.

The Relationship between Just World Beliefs and Life Satisfaction.

An important and often unexplored factor shaping life satisfaction is one's perception of the world as a "just" place. The "just world hypothesis" is predicated on the idea that the world works as a place where people get what they merit, an idea that often serves as a means for people to rationalize injustices. The research addressing just world beliefs has expanded into a four-factor model that categorizes just world beliefs for self and others into subcategories of distributive and procedural justice.

Aphid-Responsive Defense Networks in Hybrid Switchgrass.

Aphid herbivory elicits plant defense-related networks that are influenced by host genetics. Plants of the upland switchgrass ( ) cultivar Summer can be a suitable host for greenbug aphids (; GB), and yellow sugarcane aphids (, YSA), whereas the lowland cultivar Kanlow exhibited multi-species resistance that curtails aphid reproduction. However, stabilized hybrids of Summer (♀) x Kanlow (♂) (SxK) with improved agronomics can be damaged by both aphids.

One gene, multiple ecological strategies: A biofilm regulator is a capacitor for sustainable diversity.

Many bacteria cycle between sessile and motile forms in which they must sense and respond to internal and external signals to coordinate appropriate physiology. Maintaining fitness requires genetic networks that have been honed in variable environments to integrate these signals. The identity of the major regulators and how their control mechanisms evolved remain largely unknown in most organisms.

The Impact of Household Economics on Short-Term Outcomes in a Posterior Fossa Tumor Population.

Background Disparities exist in medical care and may result in avoidable negative clinical care outcomes for those affected. There remains a paucity in the literature regarding the impact of economic disparities on neurosurgical outcomes. Methods A total of 283 consecutive posterior fossa brain tumor resections, excluding cerebellopontine angle tumors, over a six-year period (June 07, 2013, to April 29, 2019) at a single, multihospital academic medical center were analyzed retrospectively.

Characterization of Silica Exposure during Manufacturing of Artificial Stone Countertops.

Artificial stone is increasing in popularity in construction applications, including commercial and residential countertops. Eco-friendliness, durability, and resistance to staining, make artificial stone attractive to consumers. Health concerns have arisen during manufacturing of artificial stone due to increased incidence of silicosis after relatively short exposure.

Local Policy and Programmatic Activity to Address the US Opioid Crisis: A Cross-Sectional Survey of County Governments.

Context: Despite attention to federal and state governments' response to the US opioid crisis, few studies have systematically examined local governments' role in tackling this problem.

Objectives: To determine what opioid policy and programmatic activities local governments are implementing, which activities are more challenging and require a greater latent ability to implement, and what community, environmental, and institutional factors shape such ability.

Design: A cross-sectional survey and multistage sampling procedure.

Increasing nursing research capacity: The roles and contributions of nurse scientists within healthcare systems in the Greater Philadelphia region.

PhD prepared nurse scientists within healthcare systems are uniquely positioned to advance nursing science through research and evidence-based practice (EBP) initiatives due to their ability to closely collaborate with nurses and other healthcare professionals in the clinical setting. The purpose of this paper is threefold: 1) to describe the roles and contributions of Nurse Scientists, from their perspectives, in four different health care systems in the Greater Philadelphia area, three of which are Magnet® designated hospitals; 2) to highlight organizational approaches to increase nursing research and EBP capacity; and 3) to explore strategies that Nurse Scientists used to overcome barriers to build nursing research capacity. Nurse Scientists employed in these healthcare systems share many of the same essential roles and contributions focused on developing nursing research and EBP initiatives through education and mentorship of clinical nurses, conduct and oversight of independent research, and dissemination activities.

Relationship between Substance Use and Socioeconomic Variables in Pennsylvania Adolescents: 2009-2017.

The goal of the current study is to analyze the substance use trends in Generation Z youth (in both middle and high school environments) and to determine if any correlation exists between substance use behaviors and demographic variables. Analysis is based on substance use data collected through the Pennsylvania Youth Survey (PAYS) from 2009 to 2017 and the 2016 US census data. Our results suggest that substance use in Gen Z adolescents is mainly linked to alcohol, marijuana, cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, vaping, and narcotic prescription drugs.

Intervention Design and Trial Protocol: Mindfulness-based Exposure for PAP-associated Claustrophobia.

Positive airway pressure (PAP) associated claustrophobia is common among obstructive sleep apnea patients and plays a prominent role in low adherence and treatment failure. As there are no evidence-based interventions for PAP-associated claustrophobia, the objective of the present research is to pilot test Mindfulness-based Exposure for PAP-associated Claustrophobia, in sleep apnea adults that present with treatment non-adherence and claustrophobia. This approach combines Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction with exposure-based treatment components to target this treatment-associated claustrophobia.

Nursing Students' Perceptions of Just Culture in Nursing Programs: A Multisite Study.

Background: While just culture is embraced in the clinical setting, just culture has not been systematically incorporated into nursing education.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess prelicensure nursing student perceptions of just culture in academia.

Methods: Following a quantitative, descriptive design, the Just Culture Assessment Tool for Nursing Education (JCAT-NE) was used to measure just culture across multiple (N = 15) nursing programs.