Systematic Exploration of the Association Between Vitamin A Intakes and Sarcopenia Prevalence in American Adults.

Sarcopenia, characterized by an age-related progressive loss of muscle mass and strength, presents significant health concerns. Recommending dietary nutrition emerges as a viable strategy to counteract muscle deterioration. Vitamin A, indispensable throughout the human life cycle and unattainable through endogenous synthesis, necessitates intake via diet.

Clinical evaluation of bispectral index-guided closed-loop infusion of propofol for preschool children: A multi-center randomized controlled study.

Importance: The closed-loop infusion system can automatically adjust and maintain the depth of anesthesia by using the propofol target-controlled infusion (TCI) model under the feedback guidance of the bispectral index (BIS).

Objective: To evaluate the safety and superiority of closed-loop TCI of propofol guided by BIS during maintenance of generalized intravenous anesthesia for preschool children.

Methods: A total of 120 children aged 1-6 years were enrolled and were divided into a closed-loop feedback group (Group C) and an open-loop manual control group (Group O), with 60 participants in each group.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Computational Fluid Dynamics-Based Fractional Flow Reserve Derived From Coronary Angiography: The ACCURATE Study.

Background: Although fractional flow reserve (FFR) is the contemporary standard to detect hemodynamically significant coronary stenosis, it remains underused for the need of pressure wire and hyperemic stimulus. Coronary angiography-derived FFR could break through these barriers. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and performance of a novel diagnostic modality deriving FFR from invasive coronary angiography (AccuFFRangio) for coronary physiological assessment.

Combined pyrotinib and fulvestrant for hormone receptor-positive and HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: A multicenter, single-arm, phase II trial.

This multicenter, single-arm, phase II clinical trial (NCT04034589) evaluated the efficacy and safety of pyrotinib combined with fulvestrant in patients with HR-positive/HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer who had experienced trastuzumab treatment failure. A total of 46 patients were enrolled, receiving pyrotinib orally once daily and fulvestrant intramuscularly on days 1 and 15 of cycle 1, followed by monthly doses on day 1. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), while secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and safety.

Global, Regional, and National Burden of Valvular Heart Disease, 1990 to 2021.

Background: Valvular heart disease poses an escalating global health challenge with an increasing impact on mortality and disability. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the global burden of valvular heart disease.

Methods And Results: Using the Global Burden of Disease 2021 data, we analyzed the prevalence and disability-adjusted life years, examining implications across demographics and geographic regions.

Multimodal data fusion AI model uncovers tumor microenvironment immunotyping heterogeneity and enhanced risk stratification of breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the leading cancer among women, with a significant number experiencing recurrence and metastasis, thereby reducing survival rates. This study focuses on the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in breast cancer immunotherapy response. We conducted an analysis involving 1027 patients from Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, and The Cancer Genome Atlas, utilizing RNA sequencing and pathology whole-slide images.

Mediation Analysis of Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 20 and Poor Prognosis After Ischemic Stroke.

Background: We aimed to examine the relationship between serum FGF20 (fibroblast growth factor 20) levels and stroke prognosis in a multicenter cohort study.

Methods And Results: Patients with ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack were prospectively recruited from 5 participating centers and followed up at 3 months and 1 year. FGF20 levels were measured using the ELISA method.

Preoperative prognostic nutritional index and systemic immune inflammation index for predicting the efficacy and survival time of patients with osteosarcoma undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with surgery.

Objective: To explore the value of preoperative prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) for predicting the efficacy and prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) combined with surgery.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients with osteosarcoma undergoing NACT combined with surgery in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from January 2017 to May 2019. The patients were grouped into a remission group (pCR group, 85 patients) and a non-remission group (non-pCR, 79 patients), according to the treatment efficacy.

Combined fibrinogen concentration and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, an integrative model of the inflammatory response and coagulation cascades, for predicting prognosis in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

Inflammation and coagulation cascades are closely correlated with cancer occurrence and progression. This study investigated the prognostic value of the combination of plasma fibrinogen level and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (F-NLR) in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). The predictive ability of the F-NLR for overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and progression-free survival (PFS) was initially established and then further validated in patients who underwent radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for UTUC.

Primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the duodenum: A case report with literature review.

Adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) of the duodenum is a malignant tumor that combines adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma components. Case reports of ASC are rare, and our understanding of the complex clinicopathological features and treatment strategies for the disease remains incomplete. The current study presents a case of duodenal ASC and discusses the available literature on this rare condition.

The toxic effects of and benzo(a)pyrene in inducing atrophic gastritis and gut microbiota dysbiosis in Mongolian gerbils.

Food chemical and microbiological contamination are major global food safety issues. This study investigated the combined effects of the food-borne pathogen () and the pollutant benzo(a)pyrene (Bap) on atrophic gastritis and gut microbiota in Mongolian gerbils. The results demonstrated that simultaneous administration of and Bap caused more severe weight loss, DNA damage, and gastritis in Mongolian gerbils compared with those exposed to or Bap alone.

Orientin promotes diabetic wounds healing by suppressing ferroptosis via activation of the Nrf2/GPX4 pathway.

Diabetic patients often experience delayed wound healing due to impaired functioning of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under high glucose (HG) conditions. This is because HG conditions trigger uncontrolled lipid peroxidation, leading to iron-dependent ferroptosis, which is caused by glucolipotoxicity. However, natural flavonoid compound Orientin (Ori) possesses anti-inflammatory bioactive properties and is a promising treatment for a range of diseases.

Engineering Stimuli-Responsive Materials for Precision Medicine.

Over the past decade, precision medicine has garnered increasing attention, making significant strides in discovering new therapeutic drugs and mechanisms, resulting in notable achievements in symptom alleviation, pain reduction, and extended survival rates. However, the limited target specificity of primary drugs and inter-individual differences have often necessitated high-dosage strategies, leading to challenges such as restricted deep tissue penetration rates and systemic side effects. Material science advancements present a promising avenue for these issues.

Targeting esophageal carcinoma: molecular mechanisms and clinical studies.

Esophageal cancer (EC) is identified as a predominant health threat worldwide, with its highest incidence and mortality rates reported in China. The complex molecular mechanisms underlying EC, coupled with the differential incidence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) across various regions, highlight the necessity for in-depth research targeting molecular pathogenesis and innovative treatment strategies. Despite recent progress in targeted therapy and immunotherapy, challenges such as drug resistance and the lack of effective biomarkers for patient selection persist, impeding the optimization of therapeutic outcomes.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in Patients With Apical and Nonapical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Background: Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (ApHCM) is a variant of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, with distinct clinical characteristics and outcomes. We aimed to clarify the natural history of patients with ApHCM and identify the risk of end-stage heart failure incidence.

Methods And Results: This retrospective study was conducted on patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in China between January 2009 and February 2024.

Anoikis in cell fate, physiopathology, and therapeutic interventions.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) governs a wide spectrum of cellular fate processes, with a particular emphasis on anoikis, an integrin-dependent form of cell death. Currently, anoikis is defined as an intrinsic apoptosis. In contrast to traditional apoptosis and necroptosis, integrin correlates ECM signaling with intracellular signaling cascades, describing the full process of anoikis.

δ-catenin promotes Twist1 stabilization in prostate cancer through ubiquitination modification.

Prostate cancer generally has a high long-term survival rate; however, metastatic prostate cancer remains largely incurable despite intensive multimodal therapy. Recent research has identified δ-catenin, a member of the catenin family, as playing a crucial role in the progression of prostate cancer. Nonetheless, the extent to which δ-catenin influences transcription factors associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has not been thoroughly explored.

Photothermal-enhanced in situ supramolecular hydrogel promotes bacteria-infected wound healing in diabetes.

Bacterial infection can impede the healing of chronic wounds, particularly diabetic wounds. The high-sugar environment of diabetic wounds creates a favorable condition for bacterial growth, posing a challenge to wound healing. In clinical treatment, the irregular shape of the wound and the poor mechanical properties of traditional gel adjuvants make them susceptible to mechanical shear and compression, leading to morphological changes and fractures, and difficult to adapt to irregular wounds.

Targeted mitochondrial nanomaterials in biomedicine: Advances in therapeutic strategies and imaging modalities.

Mitochondria, pivotal organelles crucial for energy generation, apoptosis regulation, and cellular metabolism, have spurred remarkable advancements in targeted material development. This review surveys recent breakthroughs in targeted mitochondrial nanomaterials, illuminating their potential in drug delivery, disease management, and biomedical imaging. This review approaches from various application perspectives, introducing the specific applications of mitochondria-targeted materials in cancer treatment, probes and imaging, and diseases treated with mitochondria as a therapeutic target.

Versatility of the supraclavicular artery island flap for head and neck reconstruction.

Objective: To present our experience using the supraclavicular artery island flap (SCAIF) for head and neck reconstruction.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review to identify patients who underwent head and neck reconstruction with SCAIF at our institution. The following data were collected: age, sex, surgical indications, flap harvest time, flap dimensions, length of hospital stay, complications, and clinical outcomes.

Correction: A ternary system of meloxicam with matching hydrophilic polymer and cyclodextrin for improved stability in liquid preprations.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D4RA02811B.].