Technological advances in clinical individualized medication for cancer therapy: from genes to whole organism.

Efforts have been made to leverage technology to accurately identify tumor characteristics and predict how each cancer patient may respond to medications. This involves collecting data from various sources such as genomic data, histological information, functional drug profiling, and drug metabolism using techniques like polymerase chain reaction, sanger sequencing, next-generation sequencing, fluorescence in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry staining, patient-derived tumor xenograft models, patient-derived organoid models, and therapeutic drug monitoring. The utilization of diverse detection technologies in clinical practice has made "individualized treatment" possible, but the desired level of accuracy has not been fully attained yet.

A human monoclonal antibody isolated from Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine-vaccinated volunteer neutralizing various flaviviruses.

Introduction: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) are prevalent in over 80 countries or territories worldwide, causing hundreds of thousands of cases annually. But currently there is a lack of specific antiviral agents and effective vaccines.

Methods: In the present study, to identify human neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) against JEV or/and ZIKV, we isolated ZIKV-E protein-binding B cells from the peripheral venous blood of a healthy volunteer who had received the JEV live-attenuated vaccine and performed 10× Genomics transcriptome sequencing and BCR sequencing analysis, we then obtained the V region amino acid sequences of a novel mAb LZY3412.

Carrier-Free, Hyaluronic Acid-Modified Self-Assembled Doxorubicin, and Chlorin e6 Nanoparticles Enhance Combined Chemo- and Photodynamic Therapy in vivo.

Background: Developing carrier-free nanomedicines via self-assembly of two antitumor drug molecules is a potential strategy for enhancing the combination treatment of tumors. Similarly, conventional chemotherapy combined with photodynamic therapy may synergistically improve the antitumor effect while minimizing the adverse reactions associated with antitumor treatment. Hyaluronic acid (HA) can bind to overexpressed HA receptors on the tumor cell surface, increasing cell internalization and resulting in good tumor-targeting properties.

Effect of Superficial Large Vessel Insulation Combined with Self-heating Warm Paste on Intraoperative Hypothermia in Patients Undergoing Urologic Surgery.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the application effect of superficial large vessel insulation combined with self-heating warm paste on intraoperative hypothermia in patients undergoing urologic surgery.

Methods: This study included 313 patients who underwent urologic surgery in Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University from May 2023 to March 2024. After 13 patients with incomplete clinical data, abnormal basal metabolism and preoperative skin injury were excluded, 300 patients were finally included.

Therapeutic Efficacy of Re-Lin-Qing Granules in Treating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Urinary Tract Infection: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) frequently occur in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), presenting a complex pathogenesis that significantly impairs patient quality of life. Despite the availability of various clinical treatments, challenges remain regarding their efficacy and safety. Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to observe the therapeutic effects of Re-Lin-Qing granules in treating T2DM complicated by UTIs, aiming to provide more scientifically validated and effective treatment options for clinical practice.

Pertinence between Preoperative Renal Function and Composition of Renal Calculi in Elderly Patients: A Retrospective Analysis.

Background: Kidney stone disease poses a significant challenge in the geriatric population. Preoperative renal function has been speculated to influence the composition of renal calculi, and consequently, the management approach. We studied the correlation between preoperative renal function and the composition of renal calculi in elderly patients, which could have implications for optimizing therapeutic strategies.

Whole-genome sequencing identifies novel loci for keratoconus and facilitates risk stratification in a Han Chinese population.

Background: Keratoconus (KC) is a prevalent corneal condition with a modest genetic basis. Recent studies have reported significant genetic associations in multi-ethnic cohorts. However, the situation in the Chinese population remains unknown.

Based on CT scans at the 12th thoracic spine level, assessing the impact of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue index on one-year postoperative mortality in elderly hip fracture patients: a propensity score-matched multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Research has demonstrated that individuals with sarcopenia or sarcopenic obesity who experience fractures or undergo major surgical interventions exhibit a poorer prognosis compared to the general population. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between the skeletal muscle and adipose tissue indices, as measured at the 12th thoracic spine level, and adverse outcomes following orthopedic surgery. Therefore, this study aimed to prove whether skeletal muscle and adipose tissue index measured by computed tomography (CT) images based on a single layer are associated with one-year postoperative mortality in elderly hip fracture patients.

A study on the professional identity intervention of Chinese new nurses by Balint groups from the perspective of ABC theory of emotion-hong.

Objective: To explore the intervention effect of ABC theory on the professional identity and irrational beliefs of new Chinese nurses in Balint groups (BGs).

Methods: A total of 110 Chinese nurses newly recruited in August 2021 by a grade-A tertiary general hospital in Wenzhou, Zhejiang province were adopted as research objects. They were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, the experimental group spread out in groups to practice the BGs, and the control group did not have any intervention.

Expert consensus on pulpotomy in the management of mature permanent teeth with pulpitis.

Pulpotomy, which belongs to vital pulp therapy, has become a strategy for managing pulpitis in recent decades. This minimally invasive treatment reflects the recognition of preserving healthy dental pulp and optimizing long-term patient-centered outcomes. Pulpotomy is categorized into partial pulpotomy (PP), the removal of a partial segment of the coronal pulp tissue, and full pulpotomy (FP), the removal of whole coronal pulp, which is followed by applying the biomaterials onto the remaining pulp tissue and ultimately restoring the tooth.

Effect of Anterior Chamber Air Injection on Intraocular Lens Stability after Phacovitrectomy with Gas/Air Tamponade.

Purpose: Anterior chamber air injection (ACAI) is a surgical technique used to decrease the occurrence of postoperative intraocular lens (IOL) haptic dislocation following phacovitrectomy with gas/air tamponade. The impact of this technique on IOL stability remains uncertain, prompting the design of this study to investigate further.

Methods: This study included 51 eyes of 51 patients who underwent phacovitrectomy with gas/air tamponade.

Effects of immune cells in mediating the relationship between inflammatory bowel disease and pyoderma gangrenosum: a two-sample, two-step mendelian randomization study.

Background: Although the precise cause of the co-occurrence of pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is still unknown, prior research has shown that the two conditions coexist. Moreover, it is currently unknown how immune cells function in influencing the relationship between IBD and PG.

Methods: In order to choose independent single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) as instrumental variables, we were provided with genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data of European populations from the IEU OpenGWAS project (for IBD) and a the FinnGen database (for PG) publically available.

Antipyretic Effect of Dexibuprofen Versus Ibuprofen in Children With Fever Caused by Upper Respiratory Tract Infection.

Dexibuprofen is the pharmacologically active enantiomer of ibuprofen. However, its application as an antipyretic in children with fever caused by upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) requires more evidence. This study aimed to compare the antipyretic effect between dexibuprofen and ibuprofen in children with fever caused by URTI.

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Uncovers Molecular Features Underlying the Disrupted Neurogenesis Following Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, with limited effective treatment strategies. Endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) give rise to neurons and glial cells throughout life. However, NSCs are more likely to differentiate into glial cells rather than neurons at the lesion site after TBI and the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely unknown.

Hyaluronidase-responsive hydrogel loaded with magnetic nanoparticles combined with external magnetic stimulation for spinal cord injury repair.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a neurological condition that causes significant loss of sensory, motor, and autonomic functions below the level of injury. Current clinical treatment strategies often fail to meet expectations. Hyaluronidase is typically associated with tumor progression and bacterial infections.

TClC effectively suppresses the growth and metastasis of NSCLC via polypharmacology.

Despite significant advances in targeted therapies and immunotherapies, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) continues to present a global health challenge, with a modest five-year survival rate of 28 %, largely due to the emergence of treatment-resistant and metastatic tumors. In response, we synthesized a novel bioactive compound, ethyl 6-chlorocoumarin-3-carboxylyl L-theanine (TClC), which significantly inhibited NSCLC growth, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, and invasion and tumor growth and metastasis without inducing toxicity. TClC disrupts autocrine loops that promote tumor progression, particularly in stem-like CD133-positive NSCLC (CD133+ LC) cells, which are pivotal in tumor metastasis.

The association between cardiovascular health and obstructive sleep apnea symptoms: findings from NHANES.

Objective: To investigate the association between cardiovascular health (CVH) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) within the U.S. population.

Association between metallic implants and stroke in US adults from NHANES 2015-2023 a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Metal implants play a vital role in orthopedic treatment and are widely used in fracture repair, joint replacement and spinal surgery. Although these implants often contain key elements such as chromium (Cr), their potential health effects, particularly their association with stroke risk, have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the association between metallic implants and stroke.

Sensitivity and Specificity of Three Measures of Intrinsic Capacity in Older People Aged 80 and Over in Nursing Homes.

Purpose: Intrinsic capacity (IC), a crucial indicator for the United Nations Decade of Healthy Ageing 2021-2030, is defined by WHO as the foundation of functional ability, representing the composite of all physical and mental capacities of an individual. IC spans five function domains: Locomotor, psychological, cognitive, vitality, and sensory (including vision and hearing). Accurate IC assessment is vital for effective interventions, yet comparative analyses of these tools are scarce.

Efficacy and safety of dual-targeted therapy for inflammatory bowel disease: a retrospective multicenter study in China.

Background: Treatment options for patients with refractory inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or concomitant IBD and extraintestinal manifestations (EIM) are often limited.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the efficacy and safety of combining biologics or small molecules in patients with refractory IBD, active EIM, or active immune-mediated inflammatory disease (IMID).

Design: This was a retrospective and multicenter study.

Tumor burden with AFP improves survival prediction for TACE-treated patients with HCC: An international observational study.

Background & Aims: Current prognostic models for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) are not extensively validated and widely accepted. We aimed to develop and validate a continuous model incorporating tumor burden and biology for individual survival prediction and risk stratification.

Methods: Overall, 4,377 treatment-naive candidates for whom TACE was recommended, from 39 centers in five countries, were enrolled and divided into training, internal validation, and two external validation datasets.

Global, regional, and national burden of myocarditis in children aged 0-14 years, 1990-2021: analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021.

Objective: There are limited epidemiological data on myocarditis in children aged 0-14 years. This study aims to investigate the trends in incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and corresponding estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of myocarditis in children aged 0-14 years from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: We utilized the 2021 Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) analytical tools to examine the incidence, mortality, and DALYs of myocarditis in children aged 0-14 years, considering factors such as age, sex, region, sociodemographic index (SDI), and data from 204 countries or regions.

Physiological Insights Into the Role of Pericytes in Spinal Cord Injury.

Vascular regeneration plays a vital role in tissue repair yet is drastically impaired in those with a spinal cord injury (SCI). Pericytes are of great significance as they are entwined with vessel-specific endothelial cells and actively contribute to maintaining the spinal cord's vascular network. Within the neurovascular unit (NVU), subtypes of pericytes characterized by various markers such as PDGFR-β, Desmin, CD146, and NG-2 are involved in vascular regeneration in SCI repair.

Altered gene expression profiling by non-thermal plasma-activated media treatment in radioresistant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: High recurrence rates in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) significantly affect prognosis, especially in radioresistant HNSCC (RR-HNSCC). Nonthermal plasma (NTP) therapy can effectively suppress the progression of HNSCC; however, the therapeutic mechanism of NTP therapy for RR-HNSCC remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the regulatory role of NTP in the RR-HNSCC signaling pathway and identified its signature genes.