Association between sarcopenia and weight-adjusted waist index in male patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: The Weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI) has emerged as a predictive factor for a range of metabolic disorders. To date, the predictive value of the WWI in relation to sarcopenia in individuals with diabetics has not been extensively explored. This study aims to investigate the impact of the WWI on the prevalence of sarcopenia among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

CSPG4 overexpression implicates higher risks of recurrence and tumorigenesis after surgical intervention of vocal fold Leukoplakia.

Background: Vocal fold leukoplakia (VFL), a precancerous lesion of the larynx, is characterized by white plaques on the vocal fold mucous membrane. Currently, there are no reliable biomarkers to predict the recurrence and malignant transformation of VFL. Considering chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) as a biomarker for malignant tumors such as laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), we conducted this cohort study to evaluate the prognostic influence of CSPG4 expression on VFL patients.

A Multicenter Study on the Relationship of Tumor Lesion Location with Bilateral Parametrial Involvement and Pelvic Lymph Node Metastasis in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: This study aimed to explore the relationship of cervical tumor lesion location (CTLL) with bilateral parametrial involvement (PI) and pelvic lymph node metastasis (LNM).

Methods: The study retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathologic and imaging data of patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) retrieved from multiple centers. According to the CTLL, patients were allocated to three groups: a middle one third group, a unilaterally dominant group, and the entire-region group.

Elucidating the Causal Link Between Treg-Related Immune Traits and Atherosclerosis-Related Cardiovascular Diseases: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomisation Analysis.

Aim: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a crucial role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. However, the specific association between Treg immune traits and atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases remains unclear, impeding their potential for clinical therapeutic application.

Method: Fifty-eight Treg-related immune traits were obtained from the latest summary level genome-wide association study, which included 3,757 individuals from Sardinia.

Prognostic performance of the two-step clinical care pathway in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Background & Aims: Current guidelines recommend a 2-step approach for risk stratification in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) with Fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) followed by liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) or similar second-line tests. This study aimed to examine to prognostic performance of this approach.

Methods: The VCTE-Prognosis Study was a longitudinal study of patients with MASLD who had undergone VCTE examinations at 16 centres from the US, Europe and Asia with subsequent follow-up for clinical events.

Downregulation of the Phosphatase PHLPP1 Contributes to NNK-induced Malignant Transformation of Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells (HBECs).

Cigarette smoking (CS) is one of the greatest health concerns, which can cause lung cancer. 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), a tobacco-specific nitrosamine, and has been well-documented for its carcinogenic activity in both epidemiological and laboratory studies. PH domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase 1 (PHLPP1) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) are two well-known phosphatase tumor suppressors that have been reported to be downregulated in human lung cancer tissues.

Formosanin C induces autophagy-mediated cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma through activating DUSP1/AMPK/ULK1/Beclin1 signaling pathway.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for the majority of primary liver cancers and is associated with poor survival. Formosanin C (FC) is a diosgenin glycoside extracted from Paris polyphylla. Therapeutic effects of FC against HCC malignancies remain unclear.

Target-induced proximity ligation triggers polymerase chain reaction for subset tracing of small extracellular vesicles.

The considerable abundance and remarkable stability of sEVs provide substantial benefits for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, precise tracking subtypes of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) is crucial for screening novel diagnostic biomarkers and developing therapeutic technologies. We propose a three-target recognition-mediated proximity ligation assay for the precise identification of sEV subtypes utilizing three specifically designed probes: one for the exosomal surface protein CD63 recognition, one for fixing the biolipid layer, and the third for the identification of distinctive protein associated with a specific subtype of sEVs (L1CAM positive sEVs).

Preparation of pH-Responsive Tanshinone IIA-Loaded Calcium Alginate Nanoparticles and Their Anticancer Mechanisms.

Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is a lipophilic active constituent derived from the rhizomes and roots of (Danshen), a common Chinese medicinal herb. However, clinical applications of Tan IIA are limited due to its poor solubility in water. : To overcome this limitation, we developed a calcium alginate hydrogel (CA) as a hydrophilic carrier for Tan IIA, which significantly improved its solubility.

Mendelian Randomization Reveals Potential Causal Relationships Between DNA Damage Repair-Related Genes and Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

DNA damage repair (DDR) plays a key role in maintaining genomic stability and developing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, no report about the causal association between DDR and IBD exists. Whether DDR-related genes are the precise causal association to IBD in etiology remains unclear.

Associations of Abnormal Sleep Duration and Chronotype with Higher Risk of Incident Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A UK Biobank Prospective Cohort Study.

The occurrence of sleep disturbances in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients is widely reported. However, there is still a lack of reliable evidence of a relationship between sleep disturbances and the risk of developing ALS. The aim of this study was to prospectively investigate the longitudinal associations between sleep traits and the risk of incident ALS.

Recent Trends in the Development and Application of Nano-Antioxidants for Skin-Related Disease.

Skin is a vital barrier for the human body, protecting against external environmental influences and maintaining internal homeostasis. In addition, an imbalance of oxidative stress and antioxidant mechanisms can lead to skin-related diseases. Thus, for treating skin-related diseases, antioxidant therapy may be an important strategy to alleviate these symptoms.

Research Tendency and Frontiers of Multifocal Lenses in Myopic Control in the Past Two Decades: A Bibliometric Analysis.

This study aimed to analyze the research progress on the use of a multifocal lens for myopic control throughout the 21st century, utilizing bibliometric analysis. Publications related to multifocal lenses from 2001 to 2024 were searched on the Web of Science core collection (WoSCC) database. VOSviewer (Version 1.

Down syndrome with cryptorchidism and retroperitoneal mixed germ cell tumour in an adult patient: a case report and literature review.

Background: An association between testicular cancer and Down syndrome has been reported by several studies. Down syndrome with cryptorchidism and retroperitoneal mixed germ cell tumours is rare, and yolk sac tumours are often considered secondary components of mixed germ cell tumours. Herein, we present a rare case of retroperitoneal mixed germ cell tumour with cryptorchidism accompanied by yolk sac tumour and seminoma in a patient with Down syndrome, along with its imaging features.

Effects of pregnancy-induced hypertension on early-onset neonatal thrombocytopenia.

Background: Gestational hypertension and preeclampsia are potentially linked to similar pathophysiological processes. Maternal preeclampsia increases the occurrence of early-onset neonatal thrombocytopenia. We hypothesized that maternal gestational hypertension may impact the incident early-onset neonatal thrombocytopenia.

TGFBI regulates the TGF-β pathway to affect the malignant progression and cisplatin sensitivity in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Despite the association between aberrant TGFBI expression and tumors development found in various cancer types, the role of TGFBI in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) progression is not clear. This study attempted to reveal how TGFBI impacts malignant progression and cisplatin sensitivity in DLBCL. Bioinformatics and qRT-PCR were used to analyze expression of TGFBI.

Noninvasive diagnosis model for predicting significant liver inflammation in patients with chronic hepatitis B in the immune-tolerant phase.

The presence of significant liver inflammation is an important indication for antiviral therapy in immune-tolerant (IT)phase with chronic hepatitis B(CHB) patients. This study aims to establish a non-invasive model to assess significant liver inflammation in the IT-phase of CHB patients. This multicenter retrospective study included a total of 535 IT-phase CHB patients who underwent liver biopsy, and were randomly divided into a training and a validation set.

Systematic dissection of pleiotropic loci and critical regulons in excitatory neurons and microglia relevant to neuropsychiatric and ocular diseases.

Advancements in single-cell multimodal techniques have greatly enhanced our understanding of disease-relevant loci identified through genome-wide association studies (GWASs). To investigate the biological connections between the eye and brain, we integrated bulk and single-cell multiomic profiles with GWAS summary statistics for eight neuropsychiatric and five ocular diseases. Our analysis uncovered five latent factors explaining 61.

Assessing the causal role of lipid metabolites in Alzheimer's disease: A mendelian randomization study.

Background: The causal relationship between lipid metabolites and Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear and contradictory. This study aimed to systematically assess the causal relationship between lipid metabolites and AD.

Methods: A two-step bidirectional Mendelian Randomization (MR) study was employed.

ACSL4 Regulates LPS-Induced Ferroptosis in Cardiomyocytes through FASN.

Objective: Myocardial injury is a prevalent complication of sepsis. This study aims to shed light on the role of Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long Chain Family Member 4 (ACSL4) in regulating Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN) to identify the intrinsic molecular mechanisms of sepsis-induced myocardial injury.

Method: H9c2 cells were treated with Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to model sepsis-induced cardiomyocyte injury and were subsequently divided into seven groups: Control, LPS, LPS+sh-NC, LPS+sh-ACSL4, LPS+sh-ACSL4+Erastin, LPS+sh-ACSL4+oe-NC, and LPS+sh-ACSL4+oe-FASN.

Characterization of the second type of tubuliform spidroin (TuSp1 variant 2) elucidates the essential role of cysteine within the repetitive domain in liquid-liquid phase separation-mediated silk formation and the mechanical properties of silk fibers.

Orb-weaver spiders utilize morphologically differentiated abdominal glands to produce up to seven types of silks throughout their life cycles. Tubuliform silk is unique as it serves to protect developing embryos and hatchlings. However, our current understanding of the relationship between structure and function of tubuliform silk protein remains limited.

Comparative proteomic landscapes elucidate human preimplantation development and failure.

Understanding mammalian preimplantation development, particularly in humans, at the proteomic level remains limited. Here, we applied our comprehensive solution of ultrasensitive proteomic technology to measure the proteomic profiles of oocytes and early embryos and identified nearly 8,000 proteins in humans and over 6,300 proteins in mice. We observed distinct proteomic dynamics before and around zygotic genome activation (ZGA) between the two species.

GG Combined with Metformin Alleviates Alcohol-Induced Liver Inflammation in Mice by Maintaining the Intestinal Barrier and Regulating Treg/Th1 Cells.

Disturbances of the intestinal barrier enabling bacterial translocation exacerbate alcoholic liver disease (ALD). GG (LGG) has been shown to exert beneficial effects in gut dysbiosis and chronic liver disease. The current study assessed the combined effects of LGG and metformin, which play roles in anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory processes, in alcohol-induced liver disease mice.