Protocol for a multi-phase, mixed methods study to develop and evaluate culturally adapted CBT to improve community mental health services for Canadians of south Asian origin.

Background: Canadians of South Asian (SA) origin comprise the largest racialized group in Canada, representing 25.6% of what Statistics Canada terms "visible minority populations". South Asian Canadians are disproportionately impacted by the social determinants of health, and this can result in high rates of mood and anxiety disorders.

Inequities in the delivery of mental health care: a grounded theory study of the policy context of primary care.

Background: Strengthening capacity for mental health in primary care improves health outcomes by providing timely access to coordinated and integrated mental health care. The successful integration of mental health in primary care is highly dependent on the foundation of the surrounding policy context. In Ontario, Canada, policy reforms in the early 2000's led to the implementation of a new interprofessional team-model of primary care called Family Health Teams.

Patient perspectives on quality of care for depression and anxiety in primary health care teams: A qualitative study.

Background: Widespread policy reforms in Canada, the United States and elsewhere over the last two decades strengthened team models of primary care by bringing together family physicians and nurse practitioners with a range of mental health and other interdisciplinary providers. Understanding how patients with depression and anxiety experience newer team-based models of care delivery is essential to explore whether the intended impact of these reforms is achieved, identify gaps that remain and provide direction on strengthening the quality of mental health care.

Objective: The main study objective was to understand patients' perspectives on the quality of care that they received for anxiety and depression in primary care teams.

Adaption and implementation of the Housing Outreach Program Collaborative (HOP-C) North for Indigenous youth.

There is a high prevalence of Indigenous youth experiencing either precarious housing or homelessness in northwestern Ontario. Given that Indigenous pathways to homelessness can differ from non-Indigenous youth, interventions that address homelessness must also adapt to meet diverse needs. The Housing Outreach Program Collaborative (HOP-C) is a tertiary prevention intervention designed to provide congruent housing and peer and mental health supports for youth experiencing homelessness in Toronto, Ontario.

Austerity and COVID-19.

A scientific paper published in the BMJ Open made international headlines by claiming that austerity policies led to 120,000 deaths in the UK (Watkins et al. 2017).

Guidelines for Training in Cultural Psychiatry.

This position paper has been substantially revised by the Canadian Psychiatric Association (CPA)'s Section on Transcultural Psychiatry and the Standing Committee on Education and approved for republication by the CPA's Board of Directors on February 8, 2019. The original position paper was first approved by the CPA Board on September 28, 2011.

Trialing the feasibility of a critical time intervention for youth transitioning out of homelessness.

Little is known regarding the specific types of service models and collaborations that are necessary to support diverse populations of youth in transition out of homelessness. Transitional supports addressing the complex needs of this population are needed to stabilize the array of housing arrangements that youth access. This study was a pilot randomized controlled trial of one such critical time intervention, called the Housing Outreach Program-Collaboration (HOP-C).

The Death of Confidants and Changes in Older Adults' Social Lives.

This study examines the consequences of confidant death for the social lives of older adults, testing hypotheses from socio-emotional selectivity theory and the hierarchical compensatory model. We draw upon longitudinal data from the National Social Life Health and Aging Project-a nationally representative survey of older adults ( = 2,261). We employ ordinary least squares (OLS) and ordinal logistic regressions in the context of multiple imputation with chained equations, checking our findings with doubly robust estimation.

Improving Mental Health Services for Immigrant, Racialized, Ethno-Cultural and Refugee Groups.

Mental health problems are common and have a significant impact on people and their families, communities and the economy. Sixty percent of the population risk of illness is linked to the social determinants of health, and immigrant, refugee, ethno-cultural and racialized (IRER) groups have more exposure to these social factors. But one size does not fit all; the actual rates of mental health, mental illness or substance misuse for any IRER group depend on a complex interplay between risks and resilience.

Microbusinesses and Occupational Stress: Emotional Demands, Job Resources, and Depression Among Korean Immigrant Microbusiness Owners in Toronto, Canada.

Objectives: While occupational stress has long been a central focus of psychological research, few studies have investigated how immigrant microbusiness owners (MBOs) respond to their unusually demanding occupation, or how their unresolved occupational stress manifests in psychological distress. Based on the job demands-resources model, this study compared MBOs to employees with regard to the relationships among emotional demands, job resources, and depressive symptoms.

Methods: Data were derived from a cross-sectional survey of 1288 Korean immigrant workers (MBOs, professionals, office workers, and manual workers) aged 30 to 70, living in Toronto and surrounding areas.

The cost effectiveness of treating Burkitt lymphoma in Uganda.

Background: Perceptions of high cost and resource intensity remain political barriers to the prioritization of childhood cancer treatment programs in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Little knowledge exists of the actual cost and cost-effectiveness of such programs. To improve outcomes for children with Burkitt lymphoma (BL), the most common childhood cancer in Africa, the Uganda Cancer Institute implemented a comprehensive BL treatment program in 2012.

Unmet Health Care Needs for Syrian Refugees in Canada: A Follow-up Study.

Unmet health care needs are under explored among refugees. Previously we found unmet health care needs in Syrian refugees may be higher than in the general Canadian population (Oda et al. CMAJ Open 5(2):E354-E358, 2017; Oda et al.

More than four walls and a roof needed: A complex tertiary prevention approach for recently homeless youth.

This article examines the feasibility of a complex intervention designed to facilitate the transition of youth out of homelessness. It is intended to contribute to efforts to build out the youth homelessness intervention literature, which is underdeveloped relative to descriptive characterizations of risk. The 6-month intervention examined here, referred to as the Housing Outreach Program-Collaboration (HOP-C), is comprised of transitional outreach-based case management, individual and group mental health supports, and peer support.

Psychological capital and life satisfaction of refugees in Canada: Evidence from a community-based educational support program.

Drawing on a 2-year community-based participatory research project, and grounded in the theories of positive psychology, this article examines the effects of targeted educational support on refugee participants' psychological capital (PsyCap)-hope, self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism-as well as life satisfaction. Two groups of participants attended a 14-week trauma-informed, educational support program in 2 consecutive sessions. The program was designed in collaboration with George Brown College, the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Wellesley Institute, and the Canadian Centre for Victims of Torture.

Using decision methods to examine the potential impact of intersectoral action programs.

Objectives: In public health today, there is a widespread call for intersectoral action (ISA) programs, in which two or more sectors cooperate to address a problem. This trend raises a question of how to appropriately assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ISA programs. To assess the impact of ISA, evaluation methods should provide a framework for simultaneously considering the impact of two or more interventions when selecting from a portfolio of programs.

The occupational health and safety vulnerability of recent immigrants accessing settlement services.

Objective: To compare occupational health and safety (OHS) vulnerability of recent Canadian immigrants and workers born in Canada.

Methods: Recent immigrants (n = 195) were recruited at four settlement agencies in Southern Ontario, and non-immigrants in Ontario (n = 1030) were contacted by phone and email by a third-party survey provider. The questionnaire measured OHS vulnerability using a 27-item measure and collected sociodemographic and workplace information.

Gender role strain, core schemas, and psychotic experiences in ethnically diverse women: A role for sex- and gender-based analysis in psychosis research?

Negative -self and -others core schemas have been implicated in the development and maintenance of psychotic experiences. One component of the self-system is gender-role strain (GRS; perceived discrepancy between actual self and gender-role norms). Although the role of gender in the formation of core schemas has been underscored in social and developmental psychology literatures, GRS has not been investigated in relation to psychosis.

Differences in Self-Reported Health and Unmet Health Needs Between Government Assisted and Privately Sponsored Syrian Refugees: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Between November 2015 and January 2017, the Government of Canada resettled over 40,000 Syrian refugees through different sponsorship programs (GAR and PSR). Timely access to healthcare is essential for good health and successful integration. However, refugee support differs depending on sponsorship program, which may lead to differences in healthcare service access and needs.

Study protocol: Mobilizing Asian men in Canada to reduce stigma of mental illness.

Background: The available evidence on interventions addressing the stigma of mental illness is limited because of small samples, lack of diversity in study samples, and exclusion of people living with mental illness. To date, no published studies have evaluated anti-stigma interventions for Asian men in Canada. Aim This paper describes the protocol of a study to evaluate psychological and collective empowerment interventions (ACT, CEE, and ACT+CEE) in addressing self-stigma and social stigma in Asian communities in three urban settings in Canada: Toronto, Calgary and Vancouver.

Implementation and impact of an online tool used in primary care to improve access to financial benefits for patients: a study protocol.

Objectives: Addressing the social determinants of health has been identified as crucial to reducing health inequities. However, few evidence-based interventions exist. This study emerges from an ongoing collaboration between physicians, researchers and a financial literacy organisation.

Health care needs and use of health care services among newly arrived Syrian refugees: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Canada welcomed 33 723 Syrian refugees between November 2015 and November 2016. This paper reports the results of a rapid assessment of health care needs and use of health care services among newly arrived Syrian refugees in Toronto.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Toronto among Syrian refugees aged 18 years or more who had been in Canada for 12 months or less.