Randomized Clinical Trial of an Internet-Based Adolescent Depression Prevention Intervention in Primary Care: Internalizing Symptom Outcomes.

Approximately 20% of people will experience a depressive episode by adulthood, making adolescence an important developmental target for prevention. CATCH-IT (Competent Adulthood Transition with Cognitive-behavioral, Humanistic, and Interpersonal Training), an online depression prevention intervention, has demonstrated efficacy in preventing depressive episodes among adolescents reporting elevated symptoms. Our study examines the effects of CATCH-IT compared to online health education (HE) on internalizing symptoms in adolescents at risk for depression.

Energy Flow Through Marine Ecosystems: Confronting Transfer Efficiency.

Transfer efficiency is the proportion of energy passed between nodes in food webs. It is an emergent, unitless property that is difficult to measure, and responds dynamically to environmental and ecosystem changes. Because the consequences of changes in transfer efficiency compound through ecosystems, slight variations can have large effects on food availability for top predators.

Evidence for normal novel object recognition abilities in developmental prosopagnosia.

The issue of the face specificity of recognition deficits in developmental prosopagnosia (DP) is fundamental to the organization of high-level visual memory and has been increasingly debated in recent years. Previous DP investigations have found some evidence of object recognition impairments, but have almost exclusively used familiar objects (e.g.

Toward a genetic system in the marine cyanobacterium .

As the smallest and most abundant primary producer in the oceans, the cyanobacterium is of interest to diverse branches of science. For the past 30 years, research on this minimal phototroph has led to a growing understanding of biological organization across multiple scales, from the genome to the global ocean ecosystem. Progress in understanding drivers of its diversity and ecology, as well as molecular mechanisms underpinning its streamlined simplicity, has been hampered by the inability to manipulate these cells genetically.

Dopamine-induced interactions of female mouse hypothalamic proteins with progestin receptor-A in the absence of hormone.

Neural progestin receptors (PR) function in reproduction, neural development, neuroprotection, learning, memory and the anxiety response. In the absence of progestins, PR can be activated by dopamine (DA) in the rodent hypothalamus to elicit female sexual behaviour. The present study investigated mechanisms of DA activation of PR by testing the hypothesis that proteins from DA-treated hypothalami interact with PR in the absence of progestins.

Financial Education for Female Foreign Domestic Workers in Singapore.

We evaluate a randomized field experiment to study the effect of financial workshops for domestic workers in Singapore. Groups of women met monthly with a trained mentor. Take-up rates were low and our results are inconclusive as to whether invitations to these workshops improved financial knowledge and behavior.

Combination of parent-child closeness and parent disapproval of teen sex predicts lower rates of sexual risk for offspring.

Effective parenting processes during offspring's adolescence can reduce sexual risk behavior for those offspring in emerging adulthood. Few studies consider how mothers' and fathers' parenting processes cluster together and predict emerging adults' risky sexual behavior. In this study, we used latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify patterns of teens' perceptions of their residential mothers' and fathers' closeness, disapproval of teen sex, monitoring/presence at home and communication.

Impairment of chloroplast movement reduces growth and delays reproduction of Arabidopsis thaliana in natural and controlled conditions.

Premise: The importance of chloroplast movement for plant growth in constant, controlled light and of nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) in variable, natural light are known. Here we concurrently investigated growth and reproduction of several Arabidopsis thaliana mutants to assess the relative importance of photoprotection via chloroplast movement and NPQ.

Methods: Plants were grown outdoors (natural conditions) or in a growth chamber with variable light and chilling temperatures (controlled conditions).

An efficient variance estimator of AUC and its applications to binary classification.

The area under the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve, AUC, is one of the most commonly used measures to evaluate the performance of a binary classifier. Due to sampling variation, the model with the largest observed AUC score is not necessarily optimal, so it is crucial to assess the variation of AUC estimate. We extend the proposal by Wang and Lindsay and devise an unbiased variance estimator of AUC estimate that is of a two-sample U-statistic form.

American Dreaming: Really Reading .

F. Scott Fitzgerald's (1925) is one of the best known and most widely read and taught novels in American literature. It is so familiar that even those who have not read it believe that they have and take for granted that they know about its main character and theme of the American Dream.

Using Atomic Force Microscopy To Illuminate the Biophysical Properties of Microbes.

Since its invention in 1986, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has grown from a system designed for imaging inorganic surfaces to a tool used to probe the biophysical properties of living cells and tissues. AFM is a scanning probe technique and uses a pyramidal tip attached to a flexible cantilever to scan across a surface, producing a highly detailed image. While many research articles include AFM images, fewer include force-distance curves, from which several biophysical properties can be determined.

The status of semantic memory in medial temporal lobe amnesia varies with demands on scene construction.

Semantic memory is typically preserved in medial temporal lobe (MTL) amnesia. However, there are instances of impairment, such as in the recall of semantic narratives. As some forms of semantic knowledge play out in a spatial context, one possible explanation is that semantic memory impairments, when observed, relate to demands on scene construction - the ability to bind and maintain spatial information in a coherent representation.

The effects of dairy and dairy derivatives on the gut microbiota: a systematic literature review.

The effects of dairy and dairy-derived products on the human gut microbiota remains understudied. A systematic literature search was conducted using Medline, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, and PubMed databases with the aim of collating evidence on the intakes of all types of dairy and their effects on the gut microbiota in adults. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool.

Mechanism of threshold size assessment: Metamorphosis is triggered by the TGF-beta/Activin ligand Myoglianin.

Although the mechanisms that control growth are now well understood, the mechanism by which animals assess their body size remains one of the great puzzles in biology. The final larval instar of holometabolous insects, after which growth stops and metamorphosis begins, is specified by a threshold size. We investigated the mechanism of threshold size assessment in the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta.

A preliminary study on functional activation and connectivity during frustration in youths with bipolar disorder.

Objectives: Frustration is associated with impaired attention, heightened arousal, and greater unhappiness in youths with bipolar disorder (BD) vs healthy volunteers (HV). Little is known about functional activation and connectivity in the brain of BD youths in response to frustration. This exploratory study compared BD youths and HV on attentional abilities, self-reported affect, and functional activation and connectivity during a frustrating attention task.

Electrostatic Conjugation of Nanoparticle Surfaces with Functional Peptide Motifs.

We report the surface functionalization of anionic layer by layer nanoparticles (LbL NPs) with cationic tumor-penetrating peptides (TPPs) via electrostatic adsorption while retaining particle stability and charge characteristics. This strategy eliminates the need for structural modifications of the peptide and enables facile functionalization of surface chemistries difficult to modify or inaccessible via covalent conjugation strategies. We show that both carboxylated and sulfated LbL NPs are able to accommodate linear and cyclic TPPs and used fluorescence-based detection assays to quantify peptide loading per NP.

Sensory Modulation Disorder and its Neural Circuitry in Adults with ADHD: A Pilot Study.

Compared to healthy controls (HCs), individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit more symptoms of sensory processing disorder (SPD), which is associated with difficulties in educational and social activities. Most studies examining comorbid SPD-ADHD have been conducted with children and have not explored relations to brain volumes. In this pilot study, we assessed a subtype of SPD, sensory modulation disorder (SMD), and its relation to select brain volumes in adults with ADHD.

Three-dimensional reconstructions of the putative metazoan show that it was a microbial construction.

Strata from the Ediacaran Period (635 million to 538 million years ago [Ma]) contain several examples of enigmatic, putative shell-building metazoan fossils. These fossils may provide insight into the evolution and environmental impact of biomineralization on Earth, especially if their biological affinities and modern analogs can be identified. Recently, apparent morphological similarities with extant coralline demosponges have been used to assign a poriferan affinity to , a modular encrusting construction that is found growing between (and on) microbial buildups in Namibia.

Increased Scaffolding and Inquiry in an Introductory Biology Lab Enhance Experimental Design Skills and Sense of Scientific Ability.

We present a model for the process of redesigning the laboratory curriculum in Introductory Organismal Biology to increase opportunities for meaningful inquiry and increase student recognition of their scientific skill development. We created scaffolded modules and assignments to allow students to build and practice key skills in experimental design, data analysis, and scientific writing. Using the Tool for Interrelated Experimental Design, we showed significantly higher gains in experimental design scores in the redesigned course and a more consistent pattern of gains across a range of initial student scores compared with the original format.

Providing women's health care during COVID-19: Personal and professional challenges faced by health workers.

Health providers for women have experienced challenges during the COVID‐19 pandemic but there are ways to address these challenges.

Cancer Cell Coating Nanoparticles for Optimal Tumor-Specific Cytokine Delivery.

Although cytokine therapy is an attractive strategy to build a more robust immune response in tumors, cytokines have faced clinical failures due to toxicity. In particular, interleukin-12 has shown great clinical promise but was limited in translation because of systemic toxicity. In this study, we demonstrate an enhanced ability to reduce toxicity without affecting the efficacy of IL-12 therapy.

Social and Behavioral Health Factors Associated with Violent and Mature Gaming in Early Adolescence.

We examined how risk level of video games, measured by maturity and violence level, was associated with behavioral health, social impacts, and online social interactions. School-based surveys in two different cohorts assessed self-reported gaming behaviors, health, and social media use. For Study 1, our 700 participants were 52% female and 48% White (mean age 12.

Effects of an adolescent depression prevention program on maternal criticisms and positive remarks.

This study examined effects of an adolescent depression prevention program on maternal criticisms and positive remarks, whether the extent of adolescents' depression accounted for effects, and whether effects of the program on maternal criticisms and positive remarks differed by adolescents' gender. Participants were 298 adolescent ( = 14.79, = 1.