The Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography year in review - 2019.

The purpose of this review is to summarize the work published by the Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography (JCCT) for the year 2019, highlighting original research and new guidelines.

A multi-method and multi-informant approach to assessing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children.

Trauma exposure is highly prevalent among children globally, and is associated with elevated rates of PTSD. The goal of this study was to systematically evaluate the effects of multiple informants and multiple screening measures on the identification of specific PTSD symptoms and rates of PTSD diagnoses. Participants in this study included 350 maltreated children from two cohorts, one recruited from Connecticut ( = 130), and the other from Vermont ( = 220).

New developments in the treatment of follicular lymphoma.

The treatment of follicular lymphoma (FL) continues to evolve. Those patients who present with minimal symptoms often are observed without therapy until significant progression occurs. When treatment is needed, initial options include single agent rituximab (R, anti-CD20), or various forms of chemoimmunotherapy including either R or the newer anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody obinutuzumab (O), with or without maintenance administration.

OnabotulinumtoxinA Wear-off Phenomenon in the Treatment of Chronic Migraine.

Objective: To evaluate the frequency and features of onabotulinumtoxinA (onabotA) wear-off in chronic migraine (CM).

Background: Clinical experience suggests that patients with CM frequently perceive onabotA treatment duration <12 weeks, but this phenomenon has not been well explored.

Methods: This study was a retrospective chart review of patients (n = 143) with CM initiated on onabotA over a 2-year period.

IMiDs New and Old.

Purpose Of Review: IMiDs are a class of biologic agents with immunomodulatory, anti-angiogenic, and direct anti-cancer activities. This review summarizes current data on clinical development and application of IMiDs in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) subtypes, focusing primarily on lenalidomide, with additional discussion on managing common side effects.

Recent Findings: Improved upon the prototype thalidomide, the second-generation compound lenalidomide has enhanced immunological and anti-cancer properties with fewer side effects, while next-generation small molecule cereblon/E3 ubiquitin ligase modulator CC-122 is in early clinical studies.

The Impact of Frailty on Short-Term Outcomes After Elective Hip and Knee Arthroplasty in Older Adults: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: This systematic literature review evaluates (1) frailty in older adults as a risk factor for short-term adverse events and suboptimal clinical outcomes after total joint arthroplasty and (2) interventions to improve arthroplasty outcomes in these frail patients.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, SCOPUS, AgeLine, and Web of Science were searched from database inception to November 22, 2017; gray literature and references were also searched. Studies including adults ≥65 years of age undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty and measuring preoperative frailty and postoperative adverse events or clinical outcomes within 90 days of surgery were included.

Understanding Aging in Bipolar Disorder by Integrating Archival Clinical Research Datasets.

Objective: Although 25% of people with bipolar disorder (BD) are over age 60, there is a dearth of research on older age bipolar disorder (OABD). This report describes an initial effort to create an integrated OABD database using the U.S.

The Global Aging & Geriatric Experiments in Bipolar Disorder Database (GAGE-BD) project: Understanding older-age bipolar disorder by combining multiple datasets.

Objective: There is a dearth of research about the aging process among individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). One potential strategy to overcome the challenge of interpreting findings from existing limited older-age bipolar disorder (OABD) research studies is to pool or integrate data, taking advantage of potential overlap or similarities in assessment methods and harmonizing or cross-walking measurements where different measurement tools are used to evaluate overlapping construct domains. This report describes the methods and initial start-up activities of a first-ever initiative to create an integrated OABD-focused database, the Global Aging & Geriatric Experiments in Bipolar Disorder Database (GAGE-BD) project.

AUGMENT: A Phase III Study of Lenalidomide Plus Rituximab Versus Placebo Plus Rituximab in Relapsed or Refractory Indolent Lymphoma.

Purpose: Patients with indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma typically respond well to first-line immunochemotherapy. At relapse, single-agent rituximab is commonly administered. Data suggest the immunomodulatory agent lenalidomide could increase the activity of rituximab.

A Seat at the Table: Strategic Engagement in Service Activities for Early-Career Faculty From Underrepresented Groups in the Academy.

Many academic institutions strive to promote more diverse and inclusive campuses for faculty, staff, and students. As part of this effort, these institutions seek to include individuals from historically underrepresented groups (URGs)-such as women, people from racial/ethnic minority populations, persons with disabilities-on committees and in other service activities. However, given the low number of faculty members from URGs at many institutions, these faculty members tend to receive more requests to provide service to the institution or department (e.

A Chemoproteomic Strategy for Direct and Proteome-Wide Covalent Inhibitor Target-Site Identification.

Despite recent clinical successes for irreversible drugs, potential toxicities mediated by unpredictable modification of off-target cysteines represents a major hurdle for expansion of covalent drug programs. Understanding the proteome-wide binding profile of covalent inhibitors can significantly accelerate their development; however, current mass spectrometry strategies typically do not provide a direct, amino acid level readout of covalent activity for complex, selective inhibitors. Here we report the development of CITe-Id, a novel chemoproteomic approach that employs covalent pharmacologic inhibitors as enrichment reagents in combination with an optimized proteomic platform to directly quantify dose-dependent binding at cysteine-thiols across the proteome.

Where to start? Upfront therapy for follicular lymphoma in 2018.

The initial approach to the management of follicular lymphoma (FL) is challenging for patients and physicians. Most FL patients present with minimal symptoms; given the lack of a survival benefit to early treatment in this population, a period of observation without therapy is often appropriate. Once there is disease progression beyond low-tumor-burden criteria or symptoms prompting intervention, patients may be considered for an array of potential treatment options.

The Role of Next-Generation Sequencing in Precision Medicine: A Review of Outcomes in Oncology.

Precision medicine seeks to use genomic data to help provide the right treatment to the right patient at the right time. Next-generation sequencing technology allows for the rapid and accurate sequencing of many genes at once. This technology is becoming more common in oncology, though the clinical benefit of incorporating it into precision medicine strategies remains under significant debate.

Five-year follow-up of lenalidomide plus rituximab as initial treatment of mantle cell lymphoma.

We report 5-year follow-up of a multicenter phase 2 study of lenalidomide plus rituximab (LR) as initial treatment of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). The regimen includes induction and maintenance with the LR doublet. Treatment was continuous until progression, with optional discontinuation after 3 years.

Neuroimaging of Early Life Epilepsy.

Objectives: We assessed the adherence to neuroimaging guidelines and the diagnostically relevant yield of neuroimaging in newly presenting early life epilepsy (ELE).

Methods: There were 775 children with a new diagnosis of epilepsy (<3 years old at onset) who were recruited through the ELE study at 17 US pediatric epilepsy centers (2012-2015) and managed prospectively for 1 year. The data were analyzed to assess the proportion of children who underwent neuroimaging, the type of neuroimaging, and abnormalities.

Transfusion Medicine in a Multidisciplinary Approach to Morbidly Adherent Placenta: Preparing for and Preventing the Worst.

The increasing incidence of placenta accreta has paralleled the rise in its greatest risk factor: cesarean delivery. In placenta accreta, the abnormal invasion of the chorionic villi into the myometrium prevents separation of the placenta at delivery, and the myometrium is unable to contract to prevent hemorrhage. Spontaneous uterine rupture and hemoperitoneum may also occur in the setting of placenta percreta.

Hypothalamic-Pituitary and Growth Disorders in Survivors of Childhood Cancer: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline.

Objective: To formulate clinical practice guidelines for the endocrine treatment of hypothalamic-pituitary and growth disorders in survivors of childhood cancer.

Participants: An Endocrine Society-appointed guideline writing committee of six medical experts and a methodologist.

Conclusions: Due to remarkable improvements in childhood cancer treatment and supportive care during the past several decades, 5-year survival rates for childhood cancer currently are >80%.