Cognitive and Affective Responses to the U.S. FDA E-Cigarette Addiction Warning and Advertisements among Young Adults in California: Product Design, Imagery, and Use.

The current study tested contextual features (product design, imagery, and use) of e-cigarette advertisements on responses to the mandated U.S. FDA addiction text warning.

Tired of being tired: Black college students' experiences of racial battle fatigue from highly publicized anti-Black violence.

The highly publicized murders of Breonna Taylor, George Floyd, and Ahmaud Arbery in 2020 sparked public outrage and widespread discussion around anti-Black violence. While some studies have examined the effects of anti-Black violence exposure on mental health outcomes, there is a paucity of research that explores how these racially charged events contribute to cumulative stress and "weathering" for Black people, particularly. Informed by racial battle fatigue theory, this in-depth qualitative study explored the lived experiences of 30 Black male and female undergraduate college students (aged 18-28) exposed to highly publicized acts of anti-Black violence.

Managing Friends and Foes: Sanctioning Mutualists in Mixed-Infection Nodules Trades off With Defense Against Antagonists.

Successful plant growth requires plants to minimize harm from antagonists and maximize benefit from mutualists. However, these outcomes may be difficult to achieve simultaneously, since plant defenses activated in response to antagonists can compromise mutualism function, and plant resources allocated to defense may trade off with resources allocated to managing mutualists. Here, we investigate how antagonist attack affects plant ability to manage mutualists with sanctions, in which a plant rewards cooperative mutualists and/or punishes uncooperative mutualists.

Predicting Cloud-To-Ground Lightning in the Western United States From the Large-Scale Environment Using Explainable Neural Networks.

Lightning is a major source of wildfire ignition in the western United States (WUS). We build and train convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to predict the occurrence of cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning across the WUS during June-September from the spatial patterns of seven large-scale meteorological variables from reanalysis (1995-2022). Individually trained CNN models at each 1° × 1° grid cell ( = 285 CNNs) show high skill at predicting CG lightning days across the WUS (median AUC = 0.

The role of ATP-binding Cassette subfamily B member 6 in the inner ear.

ABCB6 has been implicated in dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria, a condition characterized by hyperpigmented and hypopigmented skin macules. Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria can also present with hearing loss. Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria-associated mutations in ABCB6 have been reported, but the role of this protein in the inner ear has not been studied.

Learning & motivational talk in smoking cessation interventions: An examination of session language in two randomized trials.

Objectives: Motivational Interviewing (MI), a client-centered approach that seeks to evoke and resolve ambivalence, and health education (HE), which provides health information and advice, may both provide some benefit to unmotivated smokers. In HE, it is possible that client language reflective of new learning, or "learning talk" (LT), and rejection of health advice, or "rejection talk," (RT), may uniquely reflect intent of subsequent behavior change.

Methods: This project utilized MI and HE sessions from two randomized clinical trials (RCTs), one in a low-income, diverse community civilian sample of 255 unmotivated smokers, and the other in a sample of Veterans with mental illness who were unmotivated smokers (n = 55).

Capability as a concept in advanced practice nursing and education: a scoping review.

Objective: The objective of this review was to map the literature about the concept of capability in advanced practice nursing education and practice to achieve greater clarity on the concept and its application.

Introduction: Advanced practice nursing roles make up a growing segment of the global nursing workforce. Capability has been proposed as an overarching description of the attributes of advanced practice nursing roles within complex workplace environments.

Event-level associations among THC, CBD, social context, and subjective effects during Cannabis use episodes.

Background: Limited research considers the quantity and potency of cannabis products along with social context on the subjective effects of real-world cannabis use.

Aims: This study examined the subjective effects of acute use as a function of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) doses and social context during cannabis use episodes.

Method: Ninety-six participants (43.

Effect of pH on Development of the Zebrafish Inner Ear and Lateral Line: Comparisons between High School and University Settings.

Increasing carbon dioxide levels associated with climate change will likely have a devastating effect on aquatic ecosystems. Aquatic environments sequester carbon dioxide, resulting in acidic conditions that can negatively affect fish development. Increasing climate change impacts in the coming decades will have an outsized effect on younger generations.

Diurnal sex differences in morphine withdrawal revealed by continuous assessment of voluntary home cage wheel running in the rat.

Animal studies modeling recreational opioid use show more severe withdrawal symptoms in male compared to female rats, whereas our study modeling opioid use for pain showed a greater withdrawal-induced decrease in wheel running in female rats. The objective of this experiment was to determine whether sex differences in spontaneous morphine withdrawal are caused by differences in assessment method (i.e.

Provider perspectives on the impact of COVID-19 on treatment of substance use and opioid use disorders among American Indian and Alaska Native adults.

Introduction: American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities are more likely to suffer negative consequences related to substance misuse. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the opioid poisoning crisis, in combination with ongoing treatment barriers resulting from settler-colonialism, systemic oppression and racial discrimination. AI/AN adults are at greatest risk of COVID-19 related serious illness and death.

Beyond attachment theory: Indigenous perspectives on the child-caregiver bond from a northwest tribal community.

Healthy Indigenous child development is grounded in Indigenous ways of knowing and being. Attachment theory has been influential in understanding the significance of parenting for infant development in Western science but has focused on child-caregiver bonds predominantly within the parent-child dyad. To bring forth Indigenous perspectives regarding understandings of parenting, the attachment bond, and the well-being of Indigenous children, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 28 members of a Northwest tribal community (21 female) in spring and summer 2020.

Differential behaviors of calcium-induced calcium release in one dimensional dendrite by Nernst-Planck equation, cable model and pure diffusion model.

The source and dynamics of calcium is the key factor that regulates dendritic integration. Apart from the voltage-gated and ligand-gated calcium influx, an important source of calcium is from inner store of endoplasmic reticulum with a regenerative process of calcium-induced calcium release (CICR). To trigger this process, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP) and calcium are needed to satisfy certain requirements.

Brief emotion regulation strategies to reduce alcohol craving: Mediating role of state difficulties in emotion regulation.

Objective: This study experimentally compared the effects of emotion regulation (ER) strategies on alcohol craving and examined the mediating effect of state difficulties in emotion regulation (S-DER) on the relationship between negative/positive emotion and alcohol craving.

Method: 417 participants (76.74% women, M = 20.

Age-related changes in the zebrafish and killifish inner ear and lateral line.

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a debilitating disorder for millions worldwide. While there are multiple underlying causes of ARHL, one common factor is loss of sensory hair cells. In mammals, new hair cells are not produced postnatally and do not regenerate after damage, leading to permanent hearing impairment.

National training and development curriculum training program impact on placement, permanency, and stability.

Background: Resource parent trainings are an important factor in caregiver readiness and retention, which can improve placement stability and permanency achievement for children and youth, especially those who are marginalized.

Objective: Resource parents need access to evidence-based training programs attentive to caring for children and youth from a variety of diverse backgrounds. This study evaluates placement, permanency, and stability outcomes of children whose resource parents were trained in one such program: the National Training and Development Curriculum (NTDC).

Identification of sleep and circadian alternative polyadenylation sites associated with APA-linked human brain disorders.

Sleep and circadian rhythm disruptions are comorbid features of many pathologies and can negatively influence numerous health conditions, including degenerative diseases, metabolic illnesses, cancer, and various neurological disorders. Genetic association studies linking sleep and circadian disturbances with disease susceptibility have mainly focused on changes in gene expression due to mutations, such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Thus, associations between sleep and/or circadian rhythm and alternative polyadenylation (APA), particularly in the context of other health challenges, are largely undescribed.

A pilot trial of a brief intervention for cannabis use supplemented with a substance-free activity session or relaxation training.

Objective: Cannabis use is increasing among college students and commonly co-occurs with anxiety symptoms in this age group. Interventions that reduce anxiety may also reduce cannabis use. Behavioral economic theory suggests that substance use reductions are most likely when there is an increase in substance-free reinforcement.

Using community science to map western monarch butterflies () in spring.

Migratory animals follow seasonal cycles comprising linked phases often with different habitat requirements and demographic processes. Conservation of migratory species therefore must consider the full seasonal cycle to identify points limiting population viability. For western monarch butterflies, which have experienced significant declines, early spring is considered a critical period in the annual population cycle.

Phenomenographic Approaches in Research About Nursing.

We propose that phenomenography is well-suited to research about nursing, given its focus on identifying variation in individuals' experiences, and inclusion of diverse voices and perspectives. Phenomenography explores qualitatively different ways in which a group of people experience a phenomenon, often using semi-structured interviews. The use of phenomenography is especially relevant in research about nursing which provides accounts of the experiences of nurses and patients within complex practice settings.

Continuous fentanyl administration and spontaneous withdrawal decreases home cage wheel running in rats with and without hindpaw inflammation.

Fentanyl is a potent analgesic with a rapid onset and short half-life that make it a useful treatment for pain and a lethal drug of abuse. The present study used voluntary home cage wheel running to assess the effect of hindpaw inflammation, fentanyl administration, and spontaneous fentanyl withdrawal. Fentanyl (0.