Development of diselenide-based fluorogenic system for the selective and sensitive detection of the Hg(II) in aqueous media.

Mercury(II) is highly toxic thus the selective and sensitive detection of Hg(II) is important. This research article deals with the synthesis and characterization of the fluorogenic system based on diselenide containing rhodamine by single crystal XRD. The probe has been used for selective detection of Hg(II) in aqueous media with detection limit of 62.

Time to regional surgical care in rural South Africa.

Background: District hospitals in South Africa have limited surgical capacity and regional hospitals treat most essential surgical conditions. This study aimed to describe the pathway and time to regional hospital surgical care for persons with general surgery conditions (PSC) in South Africa.

Methods: This was a retrospective audit of all persons referred on the Vula Mobile App to the general surgery service at Worcester Regional Hospital (WRH) from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019.

iSODA: A Comprehensive Tool for Integrative Omics Data Analysis in Single- and Multi-Omics Experiments.

Thanks to the plummeting costs of continuously evolving omics analytical platforms, research centers collect multiomics data more routinely. They are, however, confronted with the lack of a versatile software solution to harmoniously analyze single-omics and interpret multiomics data. We have developed iSODA, a web-based application for the analysis of single- and multiomics data.

Insect size responses to climate change vary across elevations according to seasonal timing.

Body size declines are a common response to warming via both plasticity and evolution, but variable size responses have been observed for terrestrial ectotherms. We investigate how temperature-dependent development and growth rates in ectothermic organisms induce variation in size responses. Leveraging long-term data for six montane grasshopper species spanning 1,768-3 901 m, we detect size shifts since ~1960 that depend on elevation and species' seasonal timing.

Prediction of inpatient mortality in hospitalised children in low- and middle-income countries: An external validation of paediatric mortality risk scores.

Background: Risk prediction tools for acutely ill children have been developed in high- and low-income settings, but few are validated or incorporated into clinical guidelines. We aimed to assess the performance of existing paediatric early warning scores for use in low- and middle-income countries using clinical data from a recent large multi-country study in Africa and South-Asia.

Methods: We used data (children across three nutritional strata) from the Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition (CHAIN) Network cohort study (n = 3101).

Tetra-coordinated organoboron complexes with triaminoguanidine-salicylidene based ligands: aggregation induced enhanced emission and mechanoresponsive features.

Organoboron complexes have garnered significant attention due to their remarkable optical properties and diverse applications. However, synthesizing stable fused five-, six- and seven-membered organoboron complexes possess significant challenges. In this study, we successfully developed novel mono-nuclear (6-8 & 10) and di-nuclear (9) organoboron complexes supported by triaminoguanidine-salicylidene based -symmetric Schiff base ligands one-step condensation reaction with excess phenylboronic acid.

People and Pixels 20 years later: the current data landscape and research trends blending population and environmental data.

In 1998 the National Research Council published . The volume focused on emerging research linking changes in human populations and land use/land cover to shed light on issues of sustainability, human livelihoods, and conservation, and led to practical innovations in agricultural planning, hazard impact analysis, and drought monitoring. Since then, new research opportunities have emerged thanks to the growing variety of remotely sensed data sources, an increasing array of georeferenced social science data, including data from mobile devices, and access to powerful computation cyberinfrastructure.

Unveiling the conserved nature of chloroplast genomes: insights from the assembly and analysis of four complete chloroplast genomes.

Introduction: , a genus within the Zingiberales order, is renowned for its diverse morphology, suggesting a rich genetic reservoir. However, genetic research on plants within the family has primarily focused on taxonomy and phylogenetics, with limited exploration into other genetic aspects, particularly the chloroplast genome. Given the significance of chloroplast genomes in evolutionary studies, a deeper understanding of their structure and diversity within Heliconia is essential.

Longitudinal Patterns of Sexual Recidivism by Age Over a 25-Year Follow-Up in California.

This study followed 146 sexual offenders released from prison custody for a period of 25-years. Overall, 34% of individuals committed at least one sexual reoffense in the 25 years following release from incarceration. Most sexual recidivism occured within the first 15-years following release.

Patient Advisory Groups in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Collaborative Relationship Between Patients and Researchers.

Background: Patient advisory groups are key to guiding research studies through meaningful engagement with the population of interest. Although patient advisory groups are greatly valuable to research studies, they are underutilized in inflammatory bowel disease research. Thus, this study aims to describe the development and implementation of a patient advisory group and evaluate the perspectives of researchers and members.

Use of immunosuppression and subsequent cancer incidence: cohort study.

Objective: Evaluate the association between cancer incidence and immunosuppressive treatment in patients with ocular inflammatory disease (OID).

Methods And Analysis: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients from 10 US OID subspecialty practices. Patients with non-infectious OID were included; HIV-infected patients were excluded.

Clinical and neuropathological associations of plasma Aβ/Aβ, p-tau217 and neurofilament light in sporadic frontotemporal dementia spectrum disorders.

Introduction: Plasma amyloid beta/amyloid beta (Aβ/Aβ) and phosphorylated tau217 (p-tau217) identify individuals with primary Alzheimer's disease (AD). They may detect AD co-pathology in the setting of other primary neurodegenerative diseases, but this has not been systematically studied.

Methods: We compared the clinical, neuroimaging, and neuropathological associations of plasma Aβ/Aβ (mass spectrometry), p-tau217 (electrochemiluminescence), and neurofilament light ([NfL], single molecule array [Simoa]), as markers of AD co-pathology, in a sporadic frontotemporal dementia (FTD) cohort ( = 620).

Experiences of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Cardiology Physicians and Fellows in Training.

Background: The number of practicing lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) cardiologists is unknown despite diversity initiatives focused on understanding workforce demographics.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, sources of mistreatment, and measures of wellness among the LGBTQ+ cardiology community.

Methods: An online survey was sent to the American College of Cardiology Fellow in Training and Early Career Professional Listservs and shared on social media sites.

Artificial intelligence across oncology specialties: current applications and emerging tools.

Oncology is becoming increasingly personalised through advancements in precision in diagnostics and therapeutics, with more and more data available on both ends to create individualised plans. The depth and breadth of data are outpacing our natural ability to interpret it. Artificial intelligence (AI) provides a solution to ingest and digest this data deluge to improve detection, prediction and skill development.

Cancer burden across the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation in 2022.

Objective: The objective of this study is to present a cross-sectional analysis of cancer burden in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) region and explain unique characteristics of its cancer burden as compared with the rest of the world.

Methods And Analysis: Using publicly available data from the Global Cancer Observatory (GCO) and the World Bank, we collected cancer statistics and population statistics for Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka from 2017 to 2022.

Results: The number of newly diagnosed cases in the region was 1 846 963, representing 9.

Novel machine learning algorithm in risk prediction model for pan-cancer risk: application in a large prospective cohort.

Objective: To develop and validate machine-learning models that predict the risk of pan-cancer incidence using demographic, questionnaire and routine health check-up data in a large Asian population.

Methods And Analysis: This study is a prospective cohort study including 433 549 participants from the prospective MJ cohort including a male cohort (n=208 599) and a female cohort (n=224 950).

Results: During an 8-year median follow-up, 5143 cancers occurred in males and 4764 in females.

Nutrient Profiling Models in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Considering Local Nutritional Challenges: A Systematic Review.

Micronutrient deficiencies, undernutrition, and overweight/obesity are prevalent in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Nutrient profiling models (NPMs), initially developed to help reduce the prevalence of diet-related chronic diseases in Western countries, could be one solution to promote nutrient-dense foods in LMICs. This study reviewed government-endorsed NPMs implemented in LMICs and assessed their key components in relation to country-specific nutritional challenges.

MRI-guided clustering of patients with mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease using self-organizing maps.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a phenotypically and pathologically heterogenous neurodegenerative disorder. This heterogeneity can be studied and disentangled using data-driven clustering techniques.

Methods: We implemented a self-organizing map clustering algorithm on baseline volumetric MRI measures from nine brain regions of interest (ROIs) to cluster 1041 individuals enrolled in the placebo arm of the EXPEDITION3 trial.

Tranexamic acid as an adjunct to resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta does not worsen outcomes in a porcine model of hemorrhage.

Background: Non-compressible torso hemorrhage (NCTH) represents a leading cause of preventable mortality in trauma. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) stabilizes NCTH but may predispose patients to thrombus generation. REBOA must therefore be prospectively evaluated for coagulation risks with concomitant usage of anti-fibrinolytic tranexamic acid (TXA).

The Spectrum of Genetic Risk in Alzheimer Disease.

Alzheimer disease (AD), the most common dementing syndrome in the United States, is currently established by the presence of amyloid-β and tau protein biomarkers in the setting of clinical cognitive impairment. These straightforward diagnostic parameters belie an immense complexity of genetic architecture underlying risk and presentation in AD. In this review, we provide a focused overview of the current state of AD genetics.

Interaction with refuse piles is associated with co-occurrence of core gut microbiota in workers of the ant Aphaenogaster picea.

Comparing the diversity of gut microbiota between and within social insect colonies can illustrate interactions between bacterial community composition and host behaviour. In many eusocial insect species, different workers exhibit different task behaviours. Evidence of compositional differences between core microbiota in different worker types could suggest a microbial association with the division of labour among workers.

Molecular and immune landscape of tumours in geriatric patients with non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.

Objective: Cancer patients aged ≥80 years present unique characteristics affecting response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), with unidentified molecular differences. This study aimed to explore potential biomarkers of response to ICI in patients ≥80 years.

Methods And Analysis: We analysed tumour samples (n=24 123) from patients ≥80 (versus<80) with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), melanoma (MEL), and renal cell cancer (RCC).

Conducting Research with Highly Portable MRI in Community Settings: A Practical Guide to Navigating Ethical Issues and ELSI Checklist.

Highly portable and accessible MRI technology will allow researchers to conduct field-based MRI research in community settings. Previous guidance for researchers working with fixed MRI does not address the novel ethical, legal, and societal issues (ELSI) of portable MRI (pMRI). Our interdisciplinary Working Group (WG) previously identified 15 core ELSI challenges associated with pMRI research and recommended solutions.