Prevalence and socioeconomic determinants of leisure time physical activity among Polish farmers.

Introduction And Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the leisure time physical activity of Polish farmers in the context of meeting health-related recommendations, and to diagnose the social and economic determinants. The analysis concerned leisure and transportation activities of various intensity and sedentary time.

Material And Methods: Farmers (n=153) aged over 18 were selected from a representative sample of Polish society (n=2039).

Incidence and Characteristics of Cataract Surgery in Poland, during 2010-2015.

To assess the incidence and characteristic of cataract surgery in Poland from 2010 to 2015 and to interpret these findings. Data from all patients who underwent cataract surgery alone or in combined procedures in Poland between January 2010 and December 2015 were evaluated. Patient data were from the national database of hospitalizations maintained by National Health Fund.

Location-allocation model for external beam radiotherapy as an example of an evidence-based management tool implemented in healthcare sector in Poland.

Background And Purpose: External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is one of three key treatment modalities of cancer patients. Its utilisation and outcomes depend on a plethora of variables, one of which is the distance a patient must travel to undergo the treatment. The relation between distance and utilisation is clearly visible in Poland.

Choice Defines Value: A Predictive Modeling Competition in Health Preference Research.

Objective: To identify which specifications and approaches to model selection better predict health preferences, the International Academy of Health Preference Research (IAHPR) hosted a predictive modeling competition including 18 teams from around the world.

Methods: In April 2016, an exploratory survey was fielded: 4074 US respondents completed 20 out of 1560 paired comparisons by choosing between two health descriptions (e.g.

Building hospital capacity planning mechanisms in Poland: The impact of 2016/2017 regulatory changes.

Capacity planning is a crucial component of modern health care governance. The aim of this paper is to analyze the requirements that need to be met to build effective hospital capacity planning mechanisms in Poland. In this context, the recent regulatory changes strongly influencing hospital sector functioning, including introduction of health care needs maps, capital investment assessment, and hospital network regulations, are analyzed.

The cost-effectiveness of screening strategies for familial hypercholesterolaemia in Poland.

Background And Aims: Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) elevates the cholesterol level and increases the risk of coronary events and death. Early detection and treatment reduce this risk. We aimed to determine the cost-effectiveness of FH screening in Poland in children, first job takers, and after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) event, each followed by a cascade screening in the relatives of the positively-diagnosed subjects.

A new inequality for the Riemann-Stieltjes integrals driven by irregular signals in Banach spaces.

We prove an inequality of the Loéve-Young type for the Riemann-Stieltjes integrals driven by irregular signals attaining their values in Banach spaces, and, as a result, we derive a new theorem on the existence of the Riemann-Stieltjes integrals driven by such signals. Also, for any [Formula: see text], we introduce the space of regulated signals [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text] are real numbers, and is a Banach space) that may be uniformly approximated with accuracy [Formula: see text] by signals whose total variation is of order [Formula: see text] as [Formula: see text] and prove that they satisfy the assumptions of the theorem. Finally, we derive more exact, rate-independent characterisations of the irregularity of the integrals driven by such signals.

A framework for sensitivity analysis of decision trees.

In the paper, we consider sequential decision problems with uncertainty, represented as decision trees. Sensitivity analysis is always a crucial element of decision making and in decision trees it often focuses on probabilities. In the stochastic model considered, the user often has only limited information about the true values of probabilities.

Awareness of the implementation of the Falsified Medicines Directive among pharmaceutical companies' professionals in the European Economic Area.

Background: The Falsified Medicines Directive (FMD) is a response of the European Union to the increasing number of falsified medicines present in the legal supply chain within the Member States of the community. Effective implementation of the new regulations will depend on the effective cooperation of all parties involved in the distribution of medicinal products including the managers of pharmaceutical companies.

Objective: The objective of the study was to examine awareness of the Implementation of the FMD among pharmaceutical company professionals in the European Economic Area.

Suppressed Programmed Death 1 Expression on CD4 and CD8 T Cells in Psoriatic Patients.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease mediated by T cell immunity. Programmed death 1 (PD-1), a coinhibitory receptor, plays an important role in immune regulation and maintaining peripheral tolerance. The aim of the study was to compare the expression of PD-1 on the peripheral T cells between psoriatic patients and healthy controls.

Economic situation and occupational accidents in Poland: 2002-2014 panel data regional study.

Objectives: Occupational accidents constitute a substantial health and economic burden for societies around the world and a variety of factors determine the frequency of accidents at work. The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the economic situation and the rate of occupational accidents in Poland.

Material And Methods: The analysis comprised data for 66 Polish sub-regions taken from the Central Statistical Office's Local Data Bank.

Serum Lipid, Vitamin D Levels, and Obesity in Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Women in Non-Manual Employment.

BACKGROUND Increasing age, increased body mass index (BMI), and abnormal lipid profiles contribute to an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency. Women who have a perimenopausal and postmenopausal reduction in estrogen levels are a high-risk group for vitamin D deficiency. The aims of this study were to compare the serum vitamin D levels, lipid profile, and BMI between perimenopausal and postmenopausal women in non-manual employment, and to determine whether there were any interdependent factors.

Productivity losses and public finance burden attributable to breast cancer in Poland, 2010-2014.

Background: Apart from the health and social burden of the disease, breast cancer (BC) has important economic implications for the sick, health system and whole economy. There has been a growing interest in the economic aspects of breast cancer and analyses of the disease costs seem to be the most explored topic. However, the results from these studies are hardly comparable.

Territorial variation in mortality from causes amenable to medical care in Poland.

Introduction And Objective: This study examines the geographical variation of amenable mortality in Poland, focusing primarily on the role of health care resources at the level of administrative districts and regions, and selected area socioeconomic characteristics as explanatory factors. The concept was used of amenable mortality, based on the assumption that deaths from certain causes should not occur in the presence of timely and effective health care.

Material And Methods: Standardized death rates (SDR) from causes considered amenable to health care and, separately, for ischaemic heart disease (IHD), were calculated for each of 379 districts (NUTS 4 level) in Poland in 1991-1995 and 2006-2010, using unit mortality data from the National Causes of Death Register.

Postmenopausal cognitive changes and androgen levels in the context of apolipoprotein E polymorphism.

Introduction: The focus of this study was to assess cognitive functions in relation to androgens and specifically testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone in postmenopausal women as well as the correlation between cognitive functions and these two androgens according to polymorphism of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE).

Material And Methods: A group of 402 women was recruited to the study (minimum 2 years after the last menstruation, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) more than 30 U/ml and no dementia signs on Montreal Cognitive Assessment). The computerized battery of the Central Nervous System Vital Signs test was used to diagnose cognitive functions.

Cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome and health behaviours of postmenopausal women working in agriculture.

Introduction: The objective of the study was to examine the impact of occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and metabolic syndrome (MS) diagnoses on the frequency of health behaviours in postmenopausal women working in agriculture.

Material And Methods: Eight hundred and ten postmenopausal women living in rural areas and working in agriculture, aged 46-70 and at least 12 months from the last menstrual period, were examined. Analysis of variance with multiple comparison tests was used to compare the Inventory of Health Behaviours among the women with and without CVDs and MS.

Cognitive functions and serum cortisol concentration in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women working non-manually.

Objectives: To asses a possible relationship between serum cortisol concentration and cognitive function in peri- and postmenopausal women engaging in non-manual work.

Methods: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to screen women for the study and the Computerized Neurocognitive-assessment Software (CNS) Vital Signs to diagnose cognitive functions.

Results: Cognitive functions and serum cortisol concentration did not differ between women in early and late perimenopause and postmenopause.

Indirect costs of diabetes and its impact on the public finance: the case of Poland.

Background: Growing public and private expenditure on healthcare results i.a. from the spreading of chronic diseases.

Work conditions in agriculture as risk factors of spinal pain in postmenopausal women.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the risk factors for spinal pain in Polish postmenopausal women working in agriculture. The study included 1751 randomly selected postmenopausal women aged 45-65 years. The women were exposed to hazardous work conditions, in particular the use of force and heavy lifting, often more than 10 kg and with frequency of at least once a day.

Sleep disturbances among patients with epilepsy.

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of sleep disorders among patients with epilepsy and to compare the incidence of sleep disorders between the clinical and demographics factors.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted among 302 patients with epilepsy. Sleep disturbances were measured with the Polish version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire (PSQI).

Bosnian study of APOE distribution (BOSAD): a comparison with other European populations.

Background: The ε2, ε3 and ε4 alleles of APOE gene have been associated with several diseases in different populations. Data on the frequency of alleles are used in both a clinical and evolutionary context. Although the data on frequency of these alleles are numerous, there are no reports for the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Survival of melanoma patients treated with novel drugs: retrospective analysis of real-world data.

Purpose: Recently, several new drugs have been licensed for advanced melanoma therapy, significantly changing the therapeutic landscape. Ipilimumab and vemurafenib were the first drugs that demonstrated a survival benefit over the long-standing standard therapy with dacarbazine. However, the comparative efficacy of these novel drugs has not been properly assessed yet.

Health Behaviors Related to the Use of Drugs among Patients with Epilepsy.

Objectives: We assessed self-medication behaviors and identified factors associated with self-treatment among adults with epilepsy.

Methods: We carried out this study on 380 patients with epilepsy using an author-designed questionnaire.

Results: Patients who took medication more than once a day were more likely to comply with times of taking medication (p = .

Stress at the place of work and cognitive functions among women performing intellectual work during peri- and post-menopausal period.

Objectives: The analysis of the relationship between stress at work and results of cognitive functions amongst women, at peri- and post-menopausal age, performing intellectual work.

Material And Methods: The study group included women, aged 45-66 years old, employed as intellectual workers. Research instruments were: the Montreal Cognitive Assessment; computer tests of the CNS Vital Signs; the Subjective Work Characteristics Questionnaire, and a questionnaire designed by the author.