118 results match your criteria: "Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence[Affiliation]"

Pulmonary vascular disease is not a single condition; rather it can accompany a variety of pathologies that impact the pulmonary vasculature. Applying precision medicine strategies to better phenotype, diagnose, monitor, and treat pulmonary vascular disease is increasingly possible with the growing accessibility of powerful clinical and research tools. Nevertheless, challenges exist in implementing these tools to optimal effect.

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  • A study examined how inflammatory diets impact cardiovascular health, particularly in relation to adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) like preterm birth and gestational diabetes.
  • Data from over 3,200 pregnant individuals showed that higher inflammatory diet scores correlated with increased body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, and insulin levels, along with lower good cholesterol levels.
  • The study found that the negative impact of inflammatory diets on cardiometabolic health was more pronounced in individuals who experienced APOs during pregnancy.
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  • There is growing interest in using point of care ultrasound (POCUS) as a teaching tool in medical courses, particularly for cardiac anatomy and physiology; however, few studies have explored team-based learning (TBL) approaches for this topic.
  • This study introduced a novel TBL exercise called Team-Based Learning - Ultrasound (TBL-US) for first-year medical students, comprising phases such as preparation, team readiness, image acquisition, and knowledge assessment, facilitated by trained second-year students.
  • Results showed significant improvements in students’ knowledge of cardiac POCUS and cardiovascular content, with enhanced final exam scores for TBL-US participants compared to non-participants, indicating that this method effectively supports learning in preclinical medical education.
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Background: Individuals with overweight or obesity often endure significant weight-based prejudice and discrimination in various settings. Experiencing weight-related stigma is linked to many adverse psychosocial outcomes. Weight self-stigma is when an individual internalizes and identifies with negative attributes ascribed to people with larger bodies and has self-devaluing thoughts because of their weight and is associated with poorer health outcomes.

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JMIG: We Are Cutting Edge.

J Minim Invasive Gynecol

October 2024

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence, RI (Dr. Frishman); Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, Health and Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Australia (Dr. Abbott).

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Objective: Prior research has found that plant-based diets (PBDs) are rated as acceptable and have similar levels of adherence as compared to other therapeutic dietary approaches; however, previous studies were mostly among white populations. Plant-based diets can produce clinically meaningful weight loss, but outcomes may vary by level of adherence. The goal of this study was to examine the differences in weight and lipids among participants in the Nutritious Eating with Soul study based on adherence to their diet assignment.

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Background: Preeclampsia is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and death. Primary care or cardiology follow-up, in complement to routine postpartum obstetric care, provides an essential opportunity to address cardiovascular risk. Prior studies investigating racial differences in the recommended postpartum follow-up have incompletely assessed the influence of social factors.

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The Resident-Student Education Committee (RSEC) is a novel approach to integrate and expand medical student education within an emergency medicine (EM) residency at a large academic center. There is a paucity of literature on such programs and there is no documentation of longitudinal initiatives with residents serving as specialty-specific advisors to students throughout medical school. The goals of creating the RSEC were to expand and improve the student educational experiences in EM, strengthen the connection between students and EM residents, and foster resident career development through sustainable leadership and teaching opportunities.

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ONC201 (originally discovered as TRAIL-Inducing Compound #10 or TIC10) and analogue ONC206 have been found to induce an integrated stress response with suggested primary targets and mechanisms involving targeting mitochondrial protein ClpP and antagonism of dopamine receptors D2/3 (DRD2/3). We hypothesized that dopamine, the agonist of DRD2, may counteract ONC201 or ONC206 for DRD2/3 and impair the anti-cancer effect of ONC201 or ONC206, thus protect the tumor cells from the cytotoxic effect of ONC201 or ONC206. We therefore pre-treated cancer cells from different tissue origins including breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, and diffuse midline glioma (DMG) with dopamine, followed by treatment of ONC201, ONC206 or ONC212.

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Intraoperative Ultrasound for the Management of Oral Tongue Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

OTO Open

June 2024

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Massachusetts Eye and Ear Boston Massachusetts USA.

Objective: To evaluate for correlation between intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS)-measured tumor thickness (TT) (uTT) and histopathological TT (hTT), and to compare IOUS-assisted resection with conventional resection in patients with oral tongue cancers.

Data Sources: Ovid MEDLINE (1946-2023), Embase.com (1947-2023), and Web of Science (All Databases 1900-2023).

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Intensive multidisciplinary intervention is increasingly recognized as the standard of care for children with complex feeding problems. Much, however, remains unknown about this treatment model. This current qualitative, prospective study sought to identify intensive multidisciplinary day hospital programs operating in the US, describe the treatment approach, and summarize current capacity.

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Acute Encephalopathy in a Patient with Raoultella Ornithinolytica Infection: A Challenging Presentation.

R I Med J (2013)

June 2024

Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ; Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI.

Raoultella ornithinolytica is a rare, gram-negative environmental enterobacterium. Although infections in humans caused by R. ornithinolytica are uncommon, there are increasing reports implicating it in urinary tract infections, hepatobiliary infections, and bacteremia, designating it as an emerging pathogen.

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Although abnormally fertilized zygotes with three or multiple pronuclei (3 PN/MPN) are commonly believed to be associated with improper maturation of the oocyte cytoplasm in conventional IVF cycles, no studies investigated the association between the proportion of MPN zygotes and the maturation state of the oocyte cohort. We compared the cytoplasmic maturity of oocytes from conventional IVF cycles with different proportions of 3 PN/MPN zygotes. A total of 1428 conventional IVF patients with ≥6 oocytes retrieved and fresh embryos transferred were divided into 4 groups according to the proportions of 3 PN/MPN zygotes.

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Early detection of cognitive and functional decline is difficult given that current tools are insensitive to subtle changes. The present study evaluated whether cognitive dispersion on neuropsychological testing improved prediction of objectively assessed daily functioning using unobtrusive monitoring technologies. Hierarchical linear regression was used to evaluate whether cognitive dispersion added incremental information beyond mean neuropsychological performance in the prediction of objectively assessed IADLs (i.

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Background: Little is known about treatment variability across US hospitals for patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI).

Methods And Results: Data were collected from the 2016 to 2018 National Inpatient Sample. All patients aged ≥18 years, admitted to nonfederal US hospitals with a primary diagnosis of CLTI, were identified.

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Purpose Of Review: An evolving body of literature indicates exposure to air pollutants is associated with adverse health outcomes in dialysis patients. As the prevalence of kidney disease increases, understanding the role of environmental agents on the health of dialysis patients is critical to reducing global morbidity and mortality.

Recent Findings: We identified 16 publications that investigated associations between pollutants including particulate matter (PM 2.

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Gastric adenocarcinoma typically presents with advanced stage when inoperable. Chemotherapy options include non-targeted and toxic agents, leading to poor 5-year patient survival outcomes. Small molecule ONC201/TIC10 (TRAIL-Inducing Compound #10) induces cancer cell death via ClpP-dependent activation of the integrated stress response (ISR) and up-regulation of the TRAIL pathway.

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  • The study highlights that the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50), used to measure how sensitive cancer cells are to treatment, varies based on cell density, leading to density-dependent chemoresistance.
  • Researchers developed a new index called ISDS (IC50-Seeding Density Slope) to better analyze cancer cell responses to chemotherapy compared to the traditional IC50 measurement.
  • Findings suggest that cell density affects levels of autophagy and apoptosis, impacting treatment efficacy, and understanding this could improve cancer therapies and address challenges like minimal residual disease.
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There is a demonstrated need for new chemotherapy options in pediatric oncology, as pediatric solid tumors continue to plateau at 60% with event-free survival. Imipridones, a novel class of small molecules, represent a potential new therapeutic option, with promising pre-clinical data and emerging clinical trial data in adult malignancies. ONC201, ONC206, and ONC212 are imipridones showing pro-apoptotic anti-cancer response.

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