Radical prostatectomy without prostate biopsy based on a noninvasive diagnostic strategy: a prospective single-center study.

Background: Prostate biopsy is the most common approach for diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa); however, it has inherent limitations, such as the invasive procedure, postoperative complications, and false negative results. We aimed to provide a noninvasive diagnostic strategy for patients with highly suspected PCa and to evaluate the feasibility of performing biopsy-spared radical prostatectomy.

Methods: This prospective study included a total of 57 patients between November 10, 2022, and December 1, 2023.

PF4 Silencing Promotes Trophoblast Cell Proliferation, Migration, Invasion and EMT by Regulating SOCS3/STAT3 Signaling Pathway.

Background: Recurrent Miscarriage (RM) is a chronic and heterogeneous autoimmune disease. Platelet factor 4 (PF4) has been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of RM.

Objective: We aimed to explore the role and mechanism of PF4 on trophoblasts in RM in vitro.

Roles of CDK12 mutations in PCa development and treatment.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers in men, and cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) is emerging as a novel star player in the PCa tumorigenesis and progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). In PCa, CDK12 alterations are mostly loss-of-function mutations featuring intronic polyadenylation (IPA), focal tandem duplications (FTDs), and R-loops formation and transcription-replication conflicts (TRCs). The occurrence of IPA can result in homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) and androgen receptor (AR) variation.

Addressing Clinical Limitations of Glutaminase Inhibitors: Novel Strategies for Osimertinib-Resistant Lung Cancer by Exploiting Glutamine Metabolic Dependency.

Overcoming acquired resistance to Osimertinib remains a critical challenge in treating NSCLC. This research indicates that Osimertinib-resistant cells exhibit a strong dependence on glutamine metabolism. However, targeting GLS1 shows limited anticancer effects, probably because it cannot fully block the glutamine metabolic pathway.

Intraoperative Use of Sodium Bicarbonate Ringer's Solution Instead of Sodium Lactate Ringer's Solution to Reduce Endothelial Glycocalyx Degradation and Improve Postoperative Recovery During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Cardiac Surgery: A Single-Center Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To investigate the effect of sodium bicarbonate Ringer's solution (BRS) on the degradation of endothelial glycocalyx components in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during cardiac surgery, and to evaluate its impact on endothelial glycocalyx preservation and postoperative recovery.

Patients And Methods: A total of eight patients scheduled for elective CPB heart surgery were included and randomly divided into two groups: the sodium lactate Ringer's solution (LRS) group and the BRS group. ELISA was used to measure plasma concentrations of syndecan-1, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and TGF-β at predefined time points: T0 (before induction of anesthesia), T3 (immediately after weaning from CPB), T5 and T6 (24 and 72 hours postoperatively).

The training in thoracoscopic surgery: a comparative study and bibliometric analysis.

Background: Thoracoscopic surgery training is a critical area in medical education, and understanding the trends and focus areas in this field is vital for enhancing training programs and guiding future research. The study aimed to retrospectively analyze the effects of two training methods for new students in actual thoracoscopic surgery and to summarize the development and trends of research in thoracoscopic surgery training through a bibliometric analysis of the relevant academic literature.

Methods: 72 cases of thoracic surgery students were retrospectively analyzed and divided into observation group (n=36) and control group (n=36) according to different periods.

The close association of Muribaculum and PA (10:0/a-17:0) with the occurrence of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and immunotherapy.

Background: Progress in immunotherapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been slow, yet the relationship between microorganisms and metabolites is crucial to PDAC development. This study compares the biliary microbiota and metabolomic profiles of PDAC patients with those of benign pancreatic disease patients to investigate PDAC pathogenesis and its relationship with immunotherapy.

Methods: A total of 27 patients were recruited, including 15 diagnosed with PDAC and 12 with benign pancreaticobiliary conditions, all of whom underwent surgical treatment.

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation of topiramate in populations with renal and hepatic impairment and considerations for drug-drug interactions.

Topiramate (TPM) is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug (AED) commonly prescribed for approved and off-label uses. Routine monitoring is suggested for clinical usage of TPM in special population due to its broad side effect profile. Therefore, it is crucial to further explore its pharmacokinetic characteristics.

Exosomes derived from TREM-2 knocked-out macrophages alleviated renal fibrosis via HSPa1b/AKT pathway.

Macrophages are recognized as vital players in renal fibrosis, with a high degree of heterogeneity and plasticity, and the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-2 (TREM-2) is highly expressed on macrophages and participates in the progression of tissue fibrosis. However, the mechanism by which TREM-2 mediates the progression of renal fibrosis is still unclear. Our study revealed that exosomes derived from TREM-2-deficient (TREM-2) macrophages suppressed the progression of fibrosis, as indicated by a greater matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)/tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) ratio at the protein level in secreted exosomes than in exosomes from wild-type (WT) macrophages in the fibrotic microenvironment.

CTSG restraines the proliferation and metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by blocking the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) is recognized as the sixth most prevalent cancer globally, with around 900,000 new cases diagnosed each year. The management of HNSC poses significant challenges due to its rising incidence and suboptimal treatment outcomes in many patients. Thus, understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms that drive the onset and advancement of HNSC is crucial in order to steer the creation of novel treatment strategies.

Association between ambient particulate matter and latent tuberculosis infection among 198 275 students.

Background: Numerous studies have estimated the impact of outdoor particulate matter (PM) on tuberculosis risk. Nevertheless, whether there is an association between ambient PM and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) risk remains uncertain.

Methods: We collected the basic information and LTBI test results of students who underwent freshmen enrolment physical examinations in 68 middle schools from six prefecture-level cities located in eastern China between 2018 and 2021.

A novel algorithm for the detection of microsatellite instability in endometrial cancer using next‑generation sequencing data.

The molecular-based detection of microsatellite instability (MSI) in endometrial cancer is complex, due to the low sensitivity of PCR and a lack of standardization in next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods. In the present study, sequenced data were obtained from an NGS panel following the addition of five commonly used microsatellite loci. Subsequently, a novel algorithm, namely MSIPeak, was developed for data analysis.

IKBKE regulates renal cell carcinoma progression and sunitinib resistance through the RRM2-AKT pathway.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as sunitinib, have emerged as promising agents in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treatment, particularly in patients at advanced/metastatic clinical stages. However, acquired resistance to sunitinib is common following prolonged clinical treatment in RCC. Increasing evidence has demonstrated a strong correlation between inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase subunit epsilon (IKBKE) and cancer progression as well as drug resistance.

Correlation analysis and recurrence evaluation system for patients with recurrent hepatolithiasis: a multicentre retrospective study.

Background: Methods for accurately predicting the prognosis of patients with recurrent hepatolithiasis (RH) after biliary surgery are lacking. This study aimed to develop a model that dynamically predicts the risk of hepatolithiasis recurrence using a machine-learning (ML) approach based on multiple clinical high-order correlation data.

Materials And Methods: Data from patients with RH who underwent surgery at five centres between January 2015 and December 2020 were collected and divided into training and testing sets.

FFA intervention on LO2 cells mediates SNX-10 synthesis and regulates MMP9 secretion in LX2 cells via TGF-β1.

Background: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a public health concern. Transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) plays an important regulatory role in multiple MAFLD stages, as it can promote the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and promote liver fibrosis. Sorting nexin protein-10 (SNX-10) may be involved in the occurrence and development of fatty liver disease.

Atypical carcinoid of the primary kidney with retroperitoneal metastasis 15 years later: A case report and literature review.

Primary renal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are extremely rare among renal malignancies. According to pathological manifestations, carcinoid can be divided into four types: typical carcinoid, atypical carcinoid, large cell and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Primary or secondary retroperitoneal carcinoid is even rarer than renal carcinoid.

Trends in disease characteristics and premature mortality among hospitalised middle-aged patients in Anhui Southern Area, China, between 2011 and 2020: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: We aimed to explore the characteristics of age, disease and premature mortality among middle-aged inpatients.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Data were gathered from the electronic medical records system of the hospitals between 2011 and 2020: a regional study.

Neuroprotective effects of testosterone on sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity in testosterone-deprived male mice.

This study aims to investigate whether androgen deprivation, simulating conditions of aging or disease-induced low testosterone levels, increases the susceptibility of male mice to sevoflurane neurotoxicity, and whether testosterone supplementation can reverse the toxic effects of sevoflurane. In here, young male mice were subjected to orchiectomy (ORC) to induce testosterone deprivation. Various techniques, including western blotting, immunofluorescence, Morris Water Maze, Golgi staining, and neuronal signal measurement, were used to evaluate the effects of sevoflurane on long-term (ORC 10 weeks) and short-term (ORC 2 weeks) testosterone deprivation, and assess whether testosterone (1 mg/kg 1 h before sevoflurane exposure) could mitigate sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity.

The synergistic gelation of novel Bletilla striata polysaccharide with hyaluronic acid: Characterization, rheology.

Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) has attracted considerable interest due to its diverse biological activities. In this research, a novel low-molecular-weight water-soluble polysaccharide (BSP-182) was isolated and purified from Bletilla striata tubers, and its structure was characterized. The findings indicated that BSP-182 is predominantly composed of β-1,4-linked glucose (Glc) and β-1,4-linked mannose (Man) in a molar ratio of approximately 7.

MRTX1133 attenuates KRAS mutated-colorectal cancer progression through activating ferroptosis activity via METTL14/LINC02159/FOXC2 axis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Studies have shown that CRC patients with KRAS mutations, especially KRAS, have an increased risk of metastasis. Emerging evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial in the carcinogenesis and progression of various cancers, regulating multiple biological processes but the link between KRAS mutations and lncRNAs in CRC remains unclear.

Identification of Alzheimer's disease susceptibility genes by integrating eight human brain single-cell transcriptomes with genome-wide association studies.

To date, several studies have integrated genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data from bulk tissues to identify novel Alzheimer's disease (AD) genetic variants and susceptibility genes. However, there is highly cell-type-specific nature in different bulk eQTL data. Until now, eQTL data from different brain single cells have been reported.

A dyadic analysis of family adaptation among breast cancer patients and their spouses based on the framework of family stress coping theory.

Background: The active coping strategies of family members can help breast cancer patients better handle the crisis, and family adaptation is a manifestation of the family's active coping with the crisis. In the study of breast cancer, a disease that predominantly affects women, we explored the influence of spouses on patients' family adaptation. This aspect has not been explored in previous studies.